| ▴ Proto-Turkic | ▴ Altaic etymology | ▴ Meaning | ▴ Russian meaning | ▴ Old Turkic | ▴ Karakhanid | ▴ Turkish | ▴ Tatar | ▴ Middle Turkic | ▴ Uzbek | ▴ Uighur | ▴ Sary-Yughur | ▴ Azerbaidzhan | ▴ Turkmen | ▴ Khakassian | ▴ Shor | ▴ Oyrat | ▴ Halaj | ▴ Chuvash | ▴ Yakut | ▴ Dolgan | ▴ Tuva | ▴ Tofalar | ▴ Kirghiz | ▴ Kazakh | ▴ Noghai | ▴ Bashkir | ▴ Balkar | ▴ Gagauz | ▴ Karaim | ▴ Karakalpak | ▴ Salar | ▴ Kumyk | ▴ Comments |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"*to"r/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 foundation, root 2 origin, ancestors | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êîðåíü 2 ïðîèñõîæäåíèå, îñíîâàíèå, ðîä, ïðåäêè | face="Times New Roman Star"to"z (OUygh.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"to"z (MK, KB) 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tu"z 2 (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"to"z 1 ('root of the ear' - Sangl.), 2 (Pav. C.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"to"s 'original spirits', to"s-te- 'to lay ground' | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s 2, to"s-tu"k 'tree trunk' | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s 2; 'shrub; original spirits' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tu"re 'object of dedication; spirit' | face="Times New Roman Star"to"ru"t 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"to"ru"t | face="Times New Roman Star"do"s 1, 2, 'shrub' | face="Times New Roman Star"do"s, to"s 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"to"z, to"s 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tu"z 2 (dial.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 495, TMN 2, 612, EDT 571, Ëåêñèêà 109, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 264, Stachowski 228. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*u:c? | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"end, edge | face="Times New Roman Star"êîíåö, êðàé | face="Times New Roman Star"uc? (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"uc? (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"uc? | face="Times New Roman Star"u>c? | face="Times New Roman Star"uc? (AH) | face="Times New Roman Star"uc? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"uc? | face="Times New Roman Star"uz?| | face="Times New Roman Star"u:c? | face="Times New Roman Star"us | face="Times New Roman Star"uc? | face="Times New Roman Star"uc? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"v@w|s/ | face="Times New Roman Star"uhuk | face="Times New Roman Star"uhuk | face="Times New Roman Star"us? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"uc? | face="Times New Roman Star"u>s? | face="Times New Roman Star"us? | face="Times New Roman Star"u>s |
| face="Times New Roman Star"uc? | face="Times New Roman Star"uc? | face="Times New Roman Star"us? |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 17-18, ÝÑÒß 1, 611-612, Stachowski 241. The derived *u:c?-yk 'end (of thread etc.)' (ÝÑÒß 1, 615-616) > Mong. uc?ig 'end of thread') (despite TMN 2, 135). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*u:c?a | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 rump 2 back 3 loins, buttocks | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êðåñòåö 2 ñïèíà 3 çàäíèöà, ÿãîäèöû | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?a (OUygh.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?a (MK) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"uz?|a 'hip' | face="Times New Roman Star"u>c?a 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"uz?|a (AH), uc?a (AH, Pav. C.) 2, 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"uc?a 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"uz?|a, uc?a 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u:z?|a 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?a 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?a 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?a 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"v@w|z?|@w| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"uz?|un|ax 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"uz?a 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"uc?a 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"us?a 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"u>sa 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 20, ÝÑÒß 1, 566-567. The Yak. form has an irregular -z?|-. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*o:c?u- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 thin, light, easy, worthless 2 youngest 3 to diminish | face="Times New Roman Star"1 òîíêèé, ëåãêèé, ïðîñòîé, äåøåâûé 2 ìëàäøèé 3 óìåíüøàòüñÿ | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?uz 1 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?uz 1 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"uz?|uz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"u>c?yz 1 (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"uz?|uz 1 (Pav. C.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"uz?|uz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"uz?|y:z 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"oc?y (dial.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"oc?y (Âåðá.) 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"uohun- 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"uc?uz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"uz?|u"s 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"uz?|yz, uz?|uz 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"uc?uz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 32, VEWT 509, 356, ÝÑÒß 1, 567-568, Ëåêñèêà 339-340. Some Kypch. forms (Tat. u>c?syz, Bashk. u>shu>d| 'cheap') are probably a result of reinterpreting uc?uz as uc?-syz "edgeless" - as a result of late folk etymology. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*o"ku"r/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"ox | face="Times New Roman Star"áûê, âîë | face="Times New Roman Star"o"ku"z (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o"ku"z (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"o"ku"z | face="Times New Roman Star"ugi>z | face="Times New Roman Star"o"ku"z (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ho.kiz | face="Times New Roman Star"o"ku"z, ho"ku"z | face="Times New Roman Star"kus | face="Times New Roman Star"o"ku"z | face="Times New Roman Star"o"kiz, o"ku"z |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"vúw|gúw|r | face="Times New Roman Star"og|us | face="Times New Roman Star"ogus |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"o"gu"z | face="Times New Roman Star"o"gi>z | face="Times New Roman Star"o"giz | face="Times New Roman Star"ugi>d| | face="Times New Roman Star"o"gu"z | face="Times New Roman Star"jo"ku"z | face="Times New Roman Star"oku"z, o"gu"z | face="Times New Roman Star"o"giz |
| face="Times New Roman Star"o"gu"z | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 120, VEWT 370, ÝÑÒß 1, 521-523, Ëåêñèêà 439, Stachowski 190. Clauson 1959 derives the form from Tokh. B okso (corrected to Tokh. A in EDT); justly refuted by Doerfer TMN 1, 539 because of original *p-. Turk. (Bulg.) > Hung. o"ko"r, see Gombocz 1912, MNyTESz 3, 23. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*a.gur/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"colostrum | face="Times New Roman Star"ìîëîçèâî |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ag|uz (MK), og|uz (Tefs.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ayz su"tu", dial. a:z, ag|uz | face="Times New Roman Star"ug|yz | face="Times New Roman Star"ag|uz (Sangl., Pav. C., IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"o|g|iz | face="Times New Roman Star"og|uz |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ovuz | face="Times New Roman Star"o:s |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"yrri (3Sg.) | face="Times New Roman Star"uosax |
| face="Times New Roman Star"a:-zy (contamination with 3d p. poss.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u:z | face="Times New Roman Star"uwyz | face="Times New Roman Star"uwyz | face="Times New Roman Star"ywyd| | face="Times New Roman Star"uwuz |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"uwyz |
| face="Times New Roman Star"uwuz | face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 405-407, EDT 98, Åãîðîâ 344. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*o:j- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to pick, peck 2 embroidery 3 thimble | face="Times New Roman Star"äîëáèòü, äåëàòü äûðó, êîâûðÿòü | face="Times New Roman Star"oj- (OUygh.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"oj- (MK) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"oj- 1, oja 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"uj- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"oj- (Sangl.) 1, ojmaq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"o.j- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"oj- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"oj- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"oj- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o:j- 1, o:jmaq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"oj- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"oj- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"oj- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"újú, ij@ (NW) 'chisel' | face="Times New Roman Star"ojuo-t- ; ojun- 'to be split off'; oju: 'picture' | face="Times New Roman Star"oju: 'picture' | face="Times New Roman Star"oj- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"oj- 1, ojmoq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"oj- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"oj- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"uj- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"oj- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"oj- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"oj- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"oj- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"oj- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 358, 359, EDT 265, 266, ÝÑÒß 1, 425-428, 434, Ëåêñèêà 98, Stachowski 190; also a noun: *o:j 'pit, lowland' (Tof. (Ðàññàäèí 1995) oj 'brook bed' etc.; *o:j-yk 'wound; pit'. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*uja- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to be ashamed 2 shame | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñòûäèòüñÿ 2 ñòûä | face="Times New Roman Star"ujad- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ujad|- (MK, KB), ujal- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ujat- 1, ujat 2 (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"u>jal- 1, u>jat 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ujal-, ujat- 1, ujat 2 (Abush., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ujal- 1, ujat 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ujat 2, ujal-, (dial.) ujat- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ujal- 1, ujat 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ujat- 1, ujat 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ujat 2, ujal- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"yjat- 1, yjat 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ujal- 1, ujat 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"u>jal- 1, u>jat 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ujal- 1, ujat 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"u>jal- 1, u>jat 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ujal- 1, ujat 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ujal- 1, ujat 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ujal- 1, ujat 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ujat- 1 (tr.), ujat 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 511, ÝÑÒß 1, 561-563 (confused with *ubut q. v. sub *i_upo), 576, EDT 269, 272-273. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*od- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 awake 2 to wake up (intr.) 3 to wake up (trans.) | face="Times New Roman Star"1 áîäðñòâóþùèé 2 ïðîñûïàòüñÿ 3 áóäèòü | face="Times New Roman Star"odug| 1, odun- 2, odg|ur- 3 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"od|ug| 1, od|un- 2, od|g|ur- 3 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ujan- 2, (dial.) ujar- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ujan- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ujan- 2, ujat- 3 (Ettuhf.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ujg|o|n- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"o(j)g|an- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ozg|an- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ojan- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ojan- 2, ojar- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"usxun- 2, usxur- 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ojg|on-, ujg|un- 2, ujg|us 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"vúw|ran- 2, vúw|rat- 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"odun- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ojg|on- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ojan- 2, ojat- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ujan- 2, ujat- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ujan- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ujan- 2, ujat- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ujan- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ojan-, ujan- 2, ojat- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ojan- 2, ojat- 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ujan- 2, ujat- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 47, 48, 62, VEWT 357, ÝÑÒß 1, 430-432. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ujy- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to stiffen | face="Times New Roman Star"íåìåòü, öåïåíåòü | face="Times New Roman Star"ujyrqan- joqurqan- (OUygh.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ujus?- | face="Times New Roman Star"u>jy-, u>jys?- | face="Times New Roman Star"ujus?- (AH) | face="Times New Roman Star"ujus?- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ujus?- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ujy- | face="Times New Roman Star"u>ju>-, u>ju>s?- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ujvas?- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ujy- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 582, ÄÒÑ 608. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*oj- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 play 2 to play 3 to jump | face="Times New Roman Star"1 èãðà 2 èãðàòü 3 ïðûãàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"ojun 1, ojna- 2 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ojun 1, ojna- 2 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ojun 1, ojna- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ujyn 1, ujna- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"o.jin 1, o.jna- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ojun, ojan 1, ojni- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"oin, ujin 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ojun 1, ojna- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ojun 1, ojna- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ojyn 1, ojna- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"oin 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ojyn 1, ojno- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"vúw|júw| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o:nn/u: 1, o:nn/o:- 2, oj- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"oj- 3, o:nn/o:- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ojun 1, ojna- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ojun 1, ojno- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ojyn 1, ojna- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ojyn 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ujyn 1, ujna- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ojun 1, ojna- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ojun 1, ojna- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ojun 1, ojna- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ojyn 1, ojna- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ojun 1, ojna- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 274, 275, ÝÑÒß 1, 435-436, Stachowski 190, 198. The verb also has sexual connotations, preserved in Kirgh., Oyr., Bashk. and Yak. (where it also means 'to flirt, be in love') and in the common Turkic derivative *ojnal/ 'lover' (see ÝÑÒß ibid.) - important for establishing external connections. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ujuk | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"(felt) stockings | face="Times New Roman Star"(âîéëî÷íûå) ÷óëêè | face="Times New Roman Star"ujuq (OUygh. - late) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ujuk (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"u>jyq |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ujuq (dial.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"u>jyq | face="Times New Roman Star"ujyq | face="Times New Roman Star"u>ju>q | face="Times New Roman Star"uju"k |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ÄÒÑ 608, VEWT 511, ÝÑÒß 1, 581-582, Ëåêñèêà 481. The root should be distinguished from *uk q. v. sub *p`o\k`a\ (there is no way of uniting them phonetically). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ud- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to follow, conform | face="Times New Roman Star"ñëåäîâàòü, ñîîòâåòñòâîâàòü, ïîâèíîâàòüñÿ | face="Times New Roman Star"ud- (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ud|- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"uj- | face="Times New Roman Star"u>jys?- | face="Times New Roman Star"uj- (Abush.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ujus?- | face="Times New Roman Star"ujus?- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"uj- | face="Times New Roman Star"uj- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"uta: 'next' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ujus?- | face="Times New Roman Star"u>jys- | face="Times New Roman Star"ujys- | face="Times New Roman Star"u>ju>s?- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"uj- | face="Times New Roman Star"uj- | face="Times New Roman Star"ujys- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 38, ÝÑÒß 1, 573-574. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*o(-l) | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"that | face="Times New Roman Star"òîò | face="Times New Roman Star"o-l (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o-l (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"o | face="Times New Roman Star"u-l | face="Times New Roman Star"o-l (AH) | face="Times New Roman Star"u. | face="Times New Roman Star"u | face="Times New Roman Star"o-l, o | face="Times New Roman Star"o | face="Times New Roman Star"ol | face="Times New Roman Star"ol |
| face="Times New Roman Star"o-l | face="Times New Roman Star"o:., o_, u.o:./-ra | face="Times New Roman Star"vúw|-l | face="Times New Roman Star"ol | face="Times New Roman Star"ol | face="Times New Roman Star"ol | face="Times New Roman Star"ol | face="Times New Roman Star"o-s?o | face="Times New Roman Star"o-l | face="Times New Roman Star"o-l | face="Times New Roman Star"o-s?o, u | face="Times New Roman Star"o-l | face="Times New Roman Star"o | face="Times New Roman Star"o | face="Times New Roman Star"o-l, u-sy 'this' | face="Times New Roman Star"u | face="Times New Roman Star"o-l | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 360, ÝÑÒß 1, 444-445, 456, 492-494, TMN 2, 93, EDT 123-4, Stachowski 191. The form o is attested later than ol, but it certainly does not mean that it was absent in PT (despite Clauson). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ogul | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"son | face="Times New Roman Star"ñûí | face="Times New Roman Star"og|ul (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"og|ul (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"oul | face="Times New Roman Star"u>l | face="Times New Roman Star"og|ul (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o.g|il | face="Times New Roman Star"og|ul | face="Times New Roman Star"og|ul | face="Times New Roman Star"og|ul | face="Times New Roman Star"og|ul | face="Times New Roman Star"og|yl, o:l |
| face="Times New Roman Star"o:l, u:l |
| face="Times New Roman Star"yvúl | face="Times New Roman Star"uol | face="Times New Roman Star"uol | face="Times New Roman Star"o:l | face="Times New Roman Star"o:l | face="Times New Roman Star"u:l | face="Times New Roman Star"u>l | face="Times New Roman Star"uwyl | face="Times New Roman Star"u>l |
| face="Times New Roman Star"o:l | face="Times New Roman Star"ovul | face="Times New Roman Star"ul |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 83-84, VEWT 358, TMN 2, 81, ÝÑÒß 1, 411-412, 414-417, Ëåêñèêà 313-314, 323, 429-430, Åãîðîâ 341, Stachowski 243-244. Derived are: *ogul/ 'kin, generation', *oglak 'kid' (ÝÑÒß 1, 404-405) etc. (ibid.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*u:ly- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to cry, howl | face="Times New Roman Star"êðè÷àòü, âûòü | face="Times New Roman Star"uly- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"uly- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ulu- | face="Times New Roman Star"ula- | face="Times New Roman Star"ulu- (AH, IM), ula- (Pav. C.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ulu- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ula- | face="Times New Roman Star"u:ly- | face="Times New Roman Star"ulu- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ulu- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"úw|lax- 'to neigh' | face="Times New Roman Star"uluj- | face="Times New Roman Star"uluj- | face="Times New Roman Star"ulu- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ulu- | face="Times New Roman Star"u>ly- | face="Times New Roman Star"uly- | face="Times New Roman Star"u>lu>- | face="Times New Roman Star"ulu- | face="Times New Roman Star"ulu- | face="Times New Roman Star"ulu- | face="Times New Roman Star"uly- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ulu- | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 127, VEWT 512, ÝÑÒß 1, 595, Stachowski 243. Yak. has secondary shortening in a disyllabic stem. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ula- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to extend, prolong 2 to attach, join (ends) | face="Times New Roman Star"1 óäëèíÿòü, íàäñòàâëÿòü, ïðîäëåâàòü 2 ïðèñîåäèíÿòü | face="Times New Roman Star"ula- 2 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ula- 2 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ula- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"u>la- (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ula- (Pav. C.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ula"- 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"uli- 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ula- 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ula- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ula- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ula- 1, 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ula- 1, 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ula- 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 126-127, ÝÑÒß 1, 587-588. The original meaning was certainly 'to extend, prolong' - as seen also from the derivatives *ula-m 'still more, continuously' (ÝÑÒß 1, 591) (whence Mong. *ulam id., see TMN 2, 107), *ula-ju 'still more, as much as', *ulag 'order, relay, relay station' (ÝÑÒß 1, 588-590) (whence Mong. *ulag|a id., see TMN 2, 106, Ùåðáàê 1997, 161; with the meaning 'relay horse' penetrated into some Ugric languages, despite Sinor 1965, 312-315 who proposed an opposite direction of borrowing); |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*oluk | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"gutter; hollowed-out tree trunk | face="Times New Roman Star"æåëîá; âûäîëáëåííûé äðåâåñíûé ñòâîë |
| face="Times New Roman Star"oluq (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"oluk | face="Times New Roman Star"ulaq | face="Times New Roman Star"oluq (IM, AH) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"olaq |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"volú 'tree-trunk' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"olyq | face="Times New Roman Star"ulaq |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"oluq |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 136-137, ÝÑÒß 1, 451, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 125, 131, Àøì. V, 263, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 99, 130. There also exists a similar - but originally different - form *og(u)l-, *ogluk, reflected in Chag. og|luq, Tur. dial., Gag. holluq, Chuv. valak, Yak. (Ïåê.) uoluk, uol-ba, with natural contaminations. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ul | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 foundation 2 sole | face="Times New Roman Star"1 äíî, îñíîâàíèå 2 ïîäîøâà, ïîäìåòêà | face="Times New Roman Star"ultan| 2 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ul 1, uldan| 2 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"oltan, oltan| (dial.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"u>ltan 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"lten| 2 (Abush., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ulto|n 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ultan| 2, (dial.) u:l, ul 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"oltan| 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ultun| 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ultan|, ultan, yltam 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ullun| 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"uldun| 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ultan| 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"u>ltan 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ultan 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"u>ltan 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"oltan|, oltan 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ultan 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ultan 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 124, 131, ÝÑÒß 1, 449-451. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*on|ur-, *on|- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to crush, break off | face="Times New Roman Star"ëîìàòü, îòëàìûâàòü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"og|ur- (MK) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"umyr- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"on|ur-, omur- | face="Times New Roman Star"or- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"on|- 'to pick out' | face="Times New Roman Star"on|- 'to pick out' | face="Times New Roman Star"o:r- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"omur- | face="Times New Roman Star"omyr- | face="Times New Roman Star"omyr- | face="Times New Roman Star"umyr- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"omyr- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 91, ÝÑÒß 1, 461; Stachowski 194. Derived is PT *on|ur-tka 'spine, backbone' (see ÝÑÒß 1, 463-464). |
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
