| ▴ Proto-Turkic | ▴ Altaic etymology | ▴ Meaning | ▴ Russian meaning | ▴ Old Turkic | ▴ Karakhanid | ▴ Turkish | ▴ Tatar | ▴ Middle Turkic | ▴ Uzbek | ▴ Uighur | ▴ Sary-Yughur | ▴ Azerbaidzhan | ▴ Turkmen | ▴ Khakassian | ▴ Shor | ▴ Oyrat | ▴ Halaj | ▴ Chuvash | ▴ Yakut | ▴ Dolgan | ▴ Tuva | ▴ Tofalar | ▴ Kirghiz | ▴ Kazakh | ▴ Noghai | ▴ Bashkir | ▴ Balkar | ▴ Gagauz | ▴ Karaim | ▴ Karakalpak | ▴ Salar | ▴ Kumyk | ▴ Comments |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"*u"rk- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to be afraid | face="Times New Roman Star"áîÿòüñÿ | face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk- | face="Times New Roman Star"u">rk- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk- (Pav. C.), u"ru"k- (AH) | face="Times New Roman Star"hu"rk- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"rku"- | face="Times New Roman Star"o"rk- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"ru"k- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"rku"- | face="Times New Roman Star"hirk- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"rg-u"t- 'to frighten' | face="Times New Roman Star"u"rg-u"t- 'to frighten' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"rki>- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk- | face="Times New Roman Star"u">rk- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk- | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"ru"k- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk- | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 221, VEWT 522, ÝÑÒß 1, 635-637, Stachowski 253. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*u":r/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"fat | face="Times New Roman Star"æèð |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"z (MK) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"u"z (AH), o"z 'clinging mud' (Sangl.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"u"s | face="Times New Roman Star"u"s | face="Times New Roman Star"u"s |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jor-var 'ñêîðîìíàÿ ïèùà' | face="Times New Roman Star"u"ska"l |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"s 'liquid fat' | face="Times New Roman Star"u"s 'liquid fat' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 278-279, VEWT 523, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 154, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 491, Ëåêñèêà 454-455. Chuv. va- points to a long *u":-. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*o":r/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"inside, the essential part | face="Times New Roman Star"ñåðåäèíà, âíóòðåííîñòü, ñóùíîñòü | face="Times New Roman Star"o"z (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o"z (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"o"z | face="Times New Roman Star"u"z | face="Times New Roman Star"o"z (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o.z | face="Times New Roman Star"o"z | face="Times New Roman Star"u"z | face="Times New Roman Star"o"z | face="Times New Roman Star"o":z 'self' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"u"s | face="Times New Roman Star"e:^.z | face="Times New Roman Star"var | face="Times New Roman Star"u"o"s | face="Times New Roman Star"u"o"s |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"o"z | face="Times New Roman Star"o"z | face="Times New Roman Star"o"z | face="Times New Roman Star"u"d| |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jo"z | face="Times New Roman Star"o"z | face="Times New Roman Star"o"z |
| face="Times New Roman Star"o"z | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 278, VEWT 376-7, ÝÑÒß 1, 506-512, Ëåêñèêà 90, 117, Stachowski 252. The word and its derivatives have a wide scope of meanings: 'middle' > 'heartwood, central crossbeam, pole' (*o":r/ek). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*u"r/- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to break, tear, demolish | face="Times New Roman Star"ëîìàòü, ðâàòü, óíè÷òîæàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"u"z- (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"u"z- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"u"z- (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"u">z- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"z- (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"uz- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"z- | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z-, juz- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"z- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"z- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"s- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"s- | face="Times New Roman Star"hu"s-gu"n-, hiz- (u"zgu"n- < Az.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"u"s- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"z- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"z- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"z- | face="Times New Roman Star"u">d|- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"z- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"uz/-, iz- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"z- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"z- | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 279-280, VEWT 524, ÝÑÒß 1, 621-622. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*u":t | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"hole | face="Times New Roman Star"äûðà | face="Times New Roman Star"u"t (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"u"t (MK) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"u"t |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"t | face="Times New Roman Star"hi:.t |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u":t | face="Times New Roman Star"u":t | face="Times New Roman Star"u"t |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"t |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 36, VEWT 524, ÝÑÒß 1, 639-640, Stachowski 255. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*u":r/ (/*o":r/) | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"on top, high above | face="Times New Roman Star"íàâåðõó, âûñîêî íàä | face="Times New Roman Star"u"ze / o"ze (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"u"ze (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"u"zer 'upper part' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"ze (Pav. C., Áîð. Áàä.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"u"ze, u"zi | face="Times New Roman Star"u"za"ri |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"u"zeri |
| face="Times New Roman Star"vir (<*o">r/) | face="Times New Roman Star"u":he, u"o"he | face="Times New Roman Star"u"he, u"o"he |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"A common Turkic derivative is *u"r/-t (with secondary vowel shortening): OT u"st, Turkm. u"st, Tat. o"s, Khal. ist etc. 'upper part'. See EDT 280-281, VEWT 523, 524, ÝÑÒß 1, 622-623, 638-639, Stachowski 249, 251, 255. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*u"l/i- (/*u"li-) | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to freeze, congeal 2 to blow (of a cold wind) | face="Times New Roman Star"1 çàìåðçàòü 2 äóòü (î õîëîäíîì âåòðå) | face="Times New Roman Star"u"s?i- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"s?i- (MK) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"s?u"- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"s?e- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"Kypch. u"s?i- (CCum.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"u"s?u"-, dial. u"s?i- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"dial. u"s?i:- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"zu"-, uc?u- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"z?u"- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"vas?- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"lu"j- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"'z?u"- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"s?i- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"s?u"- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"si- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"si- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"s?o"- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"s?u"- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"s?u"- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"si- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"s?u"- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 523, ÝÑÒß 1, 644-645, EDT 256-247, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 154. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*o":k- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to heap up 2 many (*o":ku"l/) | face="Times New Roman Star"1 íàêëàäûâàòü, íàãðîìîæäàòü 2 ìíîãî (*o":ku"l/) | face="Times New Roman Star"u"k- 1, u"ku"s? 2 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"u"k- 1, u"ku"s? 2 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"o"gu"s? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"u">j- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"k- 1 (Áîð. Áàä., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"uj- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"u"g- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ug|a 'heap' | face="Times New Roman Star"u":- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"u"gu"s 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"gu"s 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"u"j- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"j- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"j- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"u">j- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"u"j- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 100, 118, ÝÑÒß 1, 620-621, Stachowski 249. Modern forms point rather to *-g-; reasons for this voicing are not quite clear. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*o"gu"r | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 herd 2 tame 3 companion 4 group of people | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñòàäî, ñòàÿ 2 äîìàøíèé 3 ñîòîâàðèù | face="Times New Roman Star"o"gu"r 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o"gu"r 1 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"o"ju"r 2, 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"jer 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"gu"r 1,2, 3 (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ujur 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"o":ri 'pasture' | face="Times New Roman Star"o":r 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o":r 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"u":r 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"u"o"r 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"o"r 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o":r 1, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"o":r 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"ju"r 1, 2, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"jir 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"jir 1; 'convivial' | face="Times New Roman Star"o"jo"r 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"ju"r 'family' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"u"jir 1, 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"ju"r 1; 'attached' | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 369, Stachowski 251. Turk. (with a later developed meaning 'companionship', see EDT 112) > WMong. u"gu"r, Kalm. u":r (not vice versa, despite VEWT ibid.). A possible derivative ( < *'to be tamed'?) can be PT *o"gr-e-n- 'to learn' (ÝÑÒß 1, 496-498). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*u":l/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"lynx | face="Times New Roman Star"ðûñü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"s?ek (IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"u"s?ek |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"u"s (tab.) | face="Times New Roman Star"u"s | face="Times New Roman Star"u":s (dial. - Leb.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"u":s | face="Times New Roman Star"u"s-kis 'sable' | face="Times New Roman Star"u"s | face="Times New Roman Star"u"s |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 523, Ùåðáàê 1961, 141, Ðàñ. ÔèË 239, Ëåêñèêà 159, Stachowski 254. The irregular reflex of *l/ in some Siberian languages presupposes tabooistic interlingual borrowings (Tuva < Yak., Shor < Khak.? ). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*a:.c? | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"hunger | face="Times New Roman Star"ãîëîä | face="Times New Roman Star"ac? (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ac? (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ac? | face="Times New Roman Star"ac? | face="Times New Roman Star"az?| (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o|c? | face="Times New Roman Star"ac? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"az?| | face="Times New Roman Star"a:c? | face="Times New Roman Star"as | face="Times New Roman Star"as? | face="Times New Roman Star"ac? | face="Times New Roman Star"a:c?, o|:c?u- | face="Times New Roman Star"vyz/ú | face="Times New Roman Star"a:s | face="Times New Roman Star"ac?-c?yk 'hungry' | face="Times New Roman Star"as? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ac? | face="Times New Roman Star"as? | face="Times New Roman Star"as? | face="Times New Roman Star"as | face="Times New Roman Star"ac? | face="Times New Roman Star"a:c? | face="Times New Roman Star"ac? | face="Times New Roman Star"as? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ac? | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 17, VEWT 3, ÝÑÒß 1, 208-209, Stachowski 28. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*a:g | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"net | face="Times New Roman Star"ñåòü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ag| (KB, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"ag|; ag|, av (Osmanli) | face="Times New Roman Star"aw | face="Times New Roman Star"ag| (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"a:g| (dial.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ag| | face="Times New Roman Star"a:q (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ag| (Sag.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ag| | face="Times New Roman Star"ag| (dial.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"u: | face="Times New Roman Star"aw | face="Times New Roman Star"aw | face="Times New Roman Star"aw | face="Times New Roman Star"aw |
| face="Times New Roman Star"av, uv | face="Times New Roman Star"aw |
| face="Times New Roman Star"aw | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 7, 20, ÝÑÒß 1, 117-118, 152-153, Ëåêñèêà 418-419. On an|nyg| (Shor), ag|nyx| (Khak.) v. sub *a>n|u. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*a:n/(k) | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"moon, month | face="Times New Roman Star"ëóíà, ìåñÿö | face="Times New Roman Star"aj (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"aj (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"aj | face="Times New Roman Star"aj | face="Times New Roman Star"aj; an/ (CCum.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o|j | face="Times New Roman Star"aj | face="Times New Roman Star"aj | face="Times New Roman Star"aj | face="Times New Roman Star"a:j | face="Times New Roman Star"aj | face="Times New Roman Star"aj | face="Times New Roman Star"aj | face="Times New Roman Star"ha:j | face="Times New Roman Star"ojúx | face="Times New Roman Star"yj | face="Times New Roman Star"yj 'month' | face="Times New Roman Star"aj | face="Times New Roman Star"aj | face="Times New Roman Star"aj | face="Times New Roman Star"aj | face="Times New Roman Star"aj | face="Times New Roman Star"aj | face="Times New Roman Star"aj | face="Times New Roman Star"aj | face="Times New Roman Star"aj | face="Times New Roman Star"aj | face="Times New Roman Star"aj | face="Times New Roman Star"aj | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 10, TMN 2, 169, EDT 265, ÝÑÒß 1, 98-99 (see there on the reasons of reconstructing *-n/), Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 178, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 271, Ëåêñèêà 55, 76-77, Stachowski 258. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*(i)am | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"vulva | face="Times New Roman Star"vulva |
| face="Times New Roman Star"am (MK - Oghuz, Kypch.) | face="Times New Roman Star"am | face="Times New Roman Star"am (Áóä. 1, 90) | face="Times New Roman Star"(MKypch.) am (CCum., AH, At-Tuhf.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"am |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"am (R) | face="Times New Roman Star"ha:%m |
| face="Times New Roman Star"abas 'vulva'; amanax 'fat in the groins of cows, horses' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"am (R) | face="Times New Roman Star"am (R) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 18, EDT 155, R 1 643. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*A>n| | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"wild game | face="Times New Roman Star"äèêèé çâåðü | face="Times New Roman Star"an| (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"an|-dy- 'to hunt', an|c?y 'hunter' (MK) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"an| 'elk, dear' (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"an| | face="Times New Roman Star"an| 'hunting' (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"an| |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"an|ta- 'to chase' | face="Times New Roman Star"an| | face="Times New Roman Star"an| 'sable' | face="Times New Roman Star"an| |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"yn| 'fence for wild reindeer' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"an| | face="Times New Roman Star"an| | face="Times New Roman Star"an| | face="Times New Roman Star"an| | face="Times New Roman Star"an| | face="Times New Roman Star"an|dy- 'to track, waylay' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"an| | face="Times New Roman Star"an| |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"Ëåêñèêà 152, 417, EDT 166. Shor an|nyg|, Khak. ag|nyx| 'net for catching sables' is a contamination of this root and *ag 'net'. Turk. > Mong. an| id., see Clark 1977, 128-129. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*A:k | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"white | face="Times New Roman Star"áåëûé | face="Times New Roman Star"aq (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"aq (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ak | face="Times New Roman Star"aq | face="Times New Roman Star"aq ? ag| | face="Times New Roman Star"o|q | face="Times New Roman Star"aq | face="Times New Roman Star"aq | face="Times New Roman Star"ag| | face="Times New Roman Star"a:q | face="Times New Roman Star"ax | face="Times New Roman Star"aq | face="Times New Roman Star"aq |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"aq | face="Times New Roman Star"aq | face="Times New Roman Star"aq | face="Times New Roman Star"aq | face="Times New Roman Star"aq | face="Times New Roman Star"aq | face="Times New Roman Star"aq | face="Times New Roman Star"aq | face="Times New Roman Star"aq | face="Times New Roman Star"aq | face="Times New Roman Star"ax| | face="Times New Roman Star"aq | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 12, TMN 2, 84-5, ÝÑÒß 1, 116-117, EDT 75, Ëåêñèêà 598-599. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*a:r-t | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 back 2 mountain pass | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñïèíà, çàäíÿÿ ñòîðîíà; 2 ïåðåâàë | face="Times New Roman Star"art 1, 2 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"art 1, 2 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"art (-dy) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"art 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"art 1 (Pav. C.), 2 (Áîð. Áàä.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o|rt 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"art 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ard; art 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ard 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"a:rt 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"artyg| 'shoal' | face="Times New Roman Star"art 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ha:rt 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"a:rtyk 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"a'rt 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"a'rt 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"art 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"art 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"art 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"art 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"art 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"a:rd 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"art 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"art 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ard/i 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"art 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 200-201, VEWT 26-27, ÝÑÒß 1, 179-180. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*A:r/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"few, a little | face="Times New Roman Star"íåìíîãî | face="Times New Roman Star"az (Orkh. ÏÌÊ, OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"az (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"az | face="Times New Roman Star"az, e|z |
| face="Times New Roman Star"o|z | face="Times New Roman Star"az | face="Times New Roman Star"az | face="Times New Roman Star"az | face="Times New Roman Star"a:z | face="Times New Roman Star"as | face="Times New Roman Star"as | face="Times New Roman Star"as | face="Times New Roman Star"ha`z |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"as |
| face="Times New Roman Star"az | face="Times New Roman Star"az | face="Times New Roman Star"az | face="Times New Roman Star"ad|, a"d| | face="Times New Roman Star"az | face="Times New Roman Star"az | face="Times New Roman Star"az | face="Times New Roman Star"az |
| face="Times New Roman Star"az | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 277, VEWT 32, ÝÑÒß 1, 93-94 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*a:r/- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to go astray, lose one's way 2 to lose mind, go mad 3 to miss | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñáèâàòüñÿ ñ ïóòè 2 ñõîäèòü ñ óìà 3 óïóñêàòü, ïðîìàõèâàòüñÿ | face="Times New Roman Star"az- 1 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"az- 1 (MK, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"az- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"az- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"az- (Sangl., Houts., Pav. C., Qutb) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o|z- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"az- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"az- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"az- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"a:z- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"as- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"as- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"as- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ha:z- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"or- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"a:s- 1, 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"as- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"az- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"az- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"az- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ad|- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"a:z- (Äìèòðèåâ 1955) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"az- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"az- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 279, VEWT 22, 33, 193, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 283, ÝÑÒß 1, 94-95. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*(i)a>l/- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 seed, cereals, crops; 2 graft, 3 vaccine, 4 pus (primarily - as a material for vaccinacion?) 5 tanning matter, 6 starch | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñåìÿ, çëàêè, çåðíîâûå 2 ïðèâîé 3 âàêöèíà 4 ãíîé (ïåðâîíà÷àëüíî - êàê ïðèâèâêà?) 5 äóáèëüíîå âåùåñòâî 6 êðàõìàë |
| face="Times New Roman Star"as?-lyq 1 (as?lyq taryg| o"nar 'crops spring') (MK; IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"as?y 2, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"as?-lyq 1, as? 1, 4 dial. (Sib., ÊÑÒÒ 107), as?-la- 'to starch' | face="Times New Roman Star"as?i 2 (Pav. C.), 'pollen' (Zenker I 56) | face="Times New Roman Star"o|s? 5, o|s?-liq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"as?-lyq 1, as?-la- 'to tan' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"as?, as?y 3, 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"as?-Gar 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"as 1, as-ta-n- 'to beware of a disease' ('to vaccinate oneself'?) | face="Times New Roman Star"as? 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"as? 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"as 4, as, ahylyk 'fruit of some wild plants, berry' | face="Times New Roman Star"ahylyk 'berry' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"as? 'fruit of some wild plants, berry', as?tyq 1, as?a- 'to tan' | face="Times New Roman Star"astyq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"as 'a grain, a seed', aslyq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"as?lyq 1, as?la- 'to graft', dial. as? 'pus' (Áhh III 26) | face="Times New Roman Star"as?-lyq 1, as?-u"gu" 'one of cereal cultures' | face="Times New Roman Star"has?-la- 'to plant out seedlings; to graft; to vaccinate' | face="Times New Roman Star"as?-lyq 1, as?-la- 'to graft' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"as?-lyq 1 (ÑÑß 296) | face="Times New Roman Star"as? 1 (Càòûá. 73), as?-la- 'to pollinate; to tan' | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 30, ÝÑÒß 1, 211-212, 216, Stachowski 29. A lot of etymological confusion here. Forms meaning 'to tan, tanning matter; starch' may be either borrowed from Persian or, rather, derived from *(i)al/ 'meal' (v. sub *i_ol/e), see Ëåêñèêà 378. The latter root, due to its phonetic similarity (or even identity) has in general influenced the present one: 'cereals' are influenced by 'porridge' and *(i)al/-la- 'to graft, to pollinate' by *(i)al/-la- 'to fertilize' ( = 'to feed'). It seems nevertheless impossible to unite them completely. |
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