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 Proto-Turkic Altaic etymology Meaning Russian meaning Old Turkic Karakhanid Turkish Tatar Middle Turkic Uzbek Uighur Sary-Yughur Azerbaidzhan Turkmen Khakassian Shor Oyrat Halaj Chuvash Yakut Dolgan Tuva Tofalar Kirghiz Kazakh Noghai Bashkir Balkar Gagauz Karaim Karakalpak Salar Kumyk Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*topra-kface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"earth, soilface="Times New Roman Star"земля, почваface="Times New Roman Star"topraq (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"topraq (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"toprakface="Times New Roman Star"tufraqface="Times New Roman Star"toprag|/q, tofrag|/q (Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"tupro|qface="Times New Roman Star"tofraq, topraqface="Times New Roman Star"durvaqface="Times New Roman Star"torpaGface="Times New Roman Star"topraqface="Times New Roman Star"tobyraxface="Times New Roman Star"tobraqface="Times New Roman Star"tobraqface="Times New Roman Star"turpaqface="Times New Roman Star"tъw|praface="Times New Roman Star"toburax
face="Times New Roman Star"dovuraqface="Times New Roman Star"to'praqface="Times New Roman Star"topuraqface="Times New Roman Star"topyraqface="Times New Roman Star"topyraqface="Times New Roman Star"tupraqface="Times New Roman Star"topraqface="Times New Roman Star"topraqface="Times New Roman Star"topraq, topraxface="Times New Roman Star"topyraqface="Times New Roman Star"to(:)ryx|face="Times New Roman Star"topraqface="Times New Roman Star"Derived from PT *topra- 'to turn into dust, dry out'. See VEWT 489, EDT 443, 444, Лексика 99. Turk. > WMong. tobrag, Kalm. towr@g (KW 404).
face="Times New Roman Star"*doluface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"hailface="Times New Roman Star"градface="Times New Roman Star"toly (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"toly (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"dolu
face="Times New Roman Star"toly (MA), tolu (Sangl., Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"du.liface="Times New Roman Star"toly (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"doluface="Times New Roman Star"doly, (А-Б) do:lyface="Times New Roman Star"ton|-dol (ton|- 'frozen')

face="Times New Roman Star"to^ly
face="Times New Roman Star"tolonface="Times New Roman Star"tolotface="Times New Roman Star"dolu

face="Times New Roman Star"doly (dial.)


face="Times New Roman Star"tolu



face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 486, EDT 491, ЭСТЯ 3, 260-261, Лексика 31-32, Stachowski 226. Cf. also *Tol/ 'ice' (Tuva dos?, Tof. do"s?, Oyr. tos? Лексика 18, VEWT 491, ЭСТЯ 3, 267).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Tol-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to push, collideface="Times New Roman Star"сталкиваться, пихатьface="Times New Roman Star"tul- (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"tul- 1, (caus.) tuldur- (MK)



face="Times New Roman Star"(dial.) tola- 'to wave, shake' (УЯ)







face="Times New Roman Star"tolug|ura:- 'to dangle freely inside an empty space'





face="Times New Roman Star"tula- 'to kick'


face="Times New Roman Star"tolarsaq 2face="Times New Roman Star"to:la- 'разгребать ногами'
face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 491, 495, 501. Derived is probably *Tolarsuk 'knee or heel joint, sinew' (VEWT 480, 486, ЭСТЯ 8: OT (MK) tolarsuq, Yak. tolunn/an| (< *tolu-n-c?an|-), Kirgh. tolorsuk, Bashk. tularhyq, KKalp. tolarsaq; Kaz. tilersek, influenced by tirsek 'knee').
face="Times New Roman Star"*tom-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 round, convex 2 ball, smth. round 3 somersault 4 thick, bulging 5 to swellface="Times New Roman Star"1 круглый, выпуклый 2 шарик, кольцо 3 кувырком 4 толстый, пухлый 5 пухнуть, вздуваться

face="Times New Roman Star"tomak 2

face="Times New Roman Star"to.mto|q 'stump, blunt'

face="Times New Roman Star"tombul 4, dombalaG 3face="Times New Roman Star"tommaq 'knob, round end of stick', dommar- / tommar- 5face="Times New Roman Star"tomyr, tombyr 'blunt'


face="Times New Roman Star"tъw|mat 'stubby'face="Times New Roman Star"tomtorg|o 'ring-formed ornament'


face="Times New Roman Star"tompoq 1face="Times New Roman Star"tompaq 1face="Times New Roman Star"tompaq 1face="Times New Roman Star"tomraj- (dial.) 5face="Times New Roman Star"tomalaq 1face="Times New Roman Star"tombarlaq 1face="Times New Roman Star"tomalaq 1face="Times New Roman Star"dumalaq 1, tompaq 4, tompaj- 5face="Times New Roman Star"tombyx 'blunt' (Тен.ССЯ)face="Times New Roman Star"tompaj- 5, tomaq 'blunt'face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 487, ЭСТЯ 3, 261-262. Variants with *d- in Oghuz are most probably expressive (or reflect a secondary assimilation *dom-ba- < *tom-ba-).
face="Times New Roman Star"*don|face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 cold 2 frost 3 frozen 4 freeze, be frozenface="Times New Roman Star"1 холодный 2 мороз 3 замерзший 4 замерзатьface="Times New Roman Star"ton|- 4 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ton| 2, 3 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"don 2face="Times New Roman Star"tun| 2face="Times New Roman Star"ton|- 4 (Pav. C.)
face="Times New Roman Star"ton|- 4, ton| 2, 3face="Times New Roman Star"tot 1face="Times New Roman Star"don 2, don- 4face="Times New Roman Star"don| 3, don|- 4face="Times New Roman Star"to:-r- 4


face="Times New Roman Star"tъw|m 2 'frost'face="Times New Roman Star"ton|- 4, ton| 3face="Times New Roman Star"ton|- 4, ton| 3face="Times New Roman Star"don| 3, don|- 4face="Times New Roman Star"don| 3, don|- 4face="Times New Roman Star"ton| 2, ton|- 4








face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 488, EDT 513, 515, ЭСТЯ 3, 265-267, Лексика 17, Stachowski 226.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ta:n|face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 wonder, surprise 2 wonderful 3 to be surprisedface="Times New Roman Star"1 удивление 2 удивительный 3 удивлятьсяface="Times New Roman Star"tan| 1, tan|suq 2 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"tan| 1, tan|suq 2 (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"tan- 3, tansyk 2; dan| 1 (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"tan| 1, tansyq, (КСТТ) tan|syq 2face="Times New Roman Star"tan| 1, tan|suq 2 (Abush., Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"to|n| 1face="Times New Roman Star"tan| 1
face="Times New Roman Star"dan| 1 (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"ta:n| 2face="Times New Roman Star"tan|na- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"tan| 1face="Times New Roman Star"ta:n| 2face="Times New Roman Star"tonsax 2face="Times New Roman Star"ton|suk, tomsuk 1


face="Times New Roman Star"tan| 1, tan|syq 2face="Times New Roman Star"tan| 1, tan|syq 2face="Times New Roman Star"tan|syq 2face="Times New Roman Star"tan| 1, tan|hyq 2

face="Times New Roman Star"tan|syq 2face="Times New Roman Star"tan| 1, tan|syq 2

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 461, 462, TMN 2, 570, EDT 510-511, 525-526, ЭСТЯ 8, Федотов 2, 248. Turk. > WMong. tan|sug|, tan|su > Man. tan|su.
face="Times New Roman Star"*to:r-umface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 young camel 2 a young calf 3 a goat that has yeaned early 4 young 5 a cow that has not calved yetface="Times New Roman Star"1 верблюжонок 2 теленок 3 коза, объягнившаяся в возрасте до 1 года 4 молодой (о человеке, дереве) 5 нетель
face="Times New Roman Star"torum 1, torpy 2 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"deve torun 1, torum (dial.) 1; torbuc? (dial.) 3, (?) toru (dial.) 4face="Times New Roman Star"to:rbaq (КСТТ) 2face="Times New Roman Star"torum 1 (Sangl., Pav. C.), torbaq 2 (MA 126)
face="Times New Roman Star"topaq 2, topaq-torum 'young calves'

face="Times New Roman Star"to:rum 1face="Times New Roman Star"torbax 2
face="Times New Roman Star"torboq 2, torboc? (dial. Kumd.) 5

face="Times New Roman Star"torbos, torbuz?|ax 2
face="Times New Roman Star"dorum 1
face="Times New Roman Star"torpoq 2face="Times New Roman Star"torpaq 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tana-turpaq 2
face="Times New Roman Star"(?) tor 'unbroken (of a horse), untrodden (of a path)'

face="Times New Roman Star"tory 'foal' (ССЯ)
face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 533, 549, VEWT 491. Turk. > WMong. torum, Kalm. torm (KW 402, Щербак 1997, 158, Clark 1977, 155-156. The Tur. dial. dog|rum is a result of contamination with dog|ur- 'to bear'. Forms like torp-ak are diminutives in -ak (with almost always regular cluster development). Forms like Tur. torun 'grandchild', as well as Tur. dial. tor 'young' may be Iranisms (but not Armenisms, as suggested in Буд. 1, 747 - Armen. tor`n 'grandchild' is itself obviously < Iranian) - see Аб. 3, 280.
face="Times New Roman Star"*do"k-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to pour outface="Times New Roman Star"лить, сыпатьface="Times New Roman Star"to"k- (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"to"k- (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"do"k-face="Times New Roman Star"tu"k-face="Times New Roman Star"to"k- (Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"to.k-face="Times New Roman Star"to"k-face="Times New Roman Star"to"k-face="Times New Roman Star"to"k-face="Times New Roman Star"do"k-face="Times New Roman Star"to"k-face="Times New Roman Star"to"k-face="Times New Roman Star"to"k-face="Times New Roman Star"to"k-, tek-face="Times New Roman Star"tъw|k-face="Times New Roman Star"tox-face="Times New Roman Star"tok-face="Times New Roman Star"to"'k-face="Times New Roman Star"to"'k-face="Times New Roman Star"to"k-face="Times New Roman Star"to"k-face="Times New Roman Star"to"k-face="Times New Roman Star"tu"k-face="Times New Roman Star"to"k-face="Times New Roman Star"do"k-face="Times New Roman Star"to"k-face="Times New Roman Star"to"k-face="Times New Roman Star"tu"'- (ССЯ)face="Times New Roman Star"to"k-face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 492-493, EDT 477, ЭСТЯ 3, 273-274, Stachowski 225.
face="Times New Roman Star"*dogra-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to cut into slices, small piecesface="Times New Roman Star"резать ломтиками, кусочками
face="Times New Roman Star"tog|ra- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"do:ra-face="Times New Roman Star"tura-face="Times New Roman Star"tog|ra- (Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"to.g|ra-face="Times New Roman Star"tog|ra-face="Times New Roman Star"torg|a-face="Times New Roman Star"doGra-face="Times New Roman Star"doGra-face="Times New Roman Star"tog|yra-face="Times New Roman Star"tog|ra-face="Times New Roman Star"tug|ra-face="Times New Roman Star"torg|a-face="Times New Roman Star"tura-face="Times New Roman Star"to:rot-
face="Times New Roman Star"do:ra-face="Times New Roman Star"do:ra-face="Times New Roman Star"tu:ra-face="Times New Roman Star"tura-face="Times New Roman Star"tuwra-face="Times New Roman Star"tura-face="Times New Roman Star"tuwra-face="Times New Roman Star"dora-face="Times New Roman Star"doGra-, tuvra-face="Times New Roman Star"tuwra-
face="Times New Roman Star"tuwra-face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 472, ЭСТЯ 3, 248-249, Ашм. XIV, 151, Федотов 2, 251.
face="Times New Roman Star"*tepo" (-u")face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"hill, top; top of headface="Times New Roman Star"холм, вершинаface="Times New Roman Star"to"pu"face="Times New Roman Star"tepe (Tefs.), to"pu" (KB)face="Times New Roman Star"tepe, dial. depeface="Times New Roman Star"tu"be|face="Times New Roman Star"tepe, to"pe (MA, Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"tepaface="Times New Roman Star"to"pa"
face="Times New Roman Star"ta"pa"face="Times New Roman Star"depe

face="Times New Roman Star"to"bo"
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"b@, to"be (NW)face="Times New Roman Star"to"bo"face="Times New Roman Star"to"bo"face="Times New Roman Star"t`ej
face="Times New Roman Star"to"bo"face="Times New Roman Star"to"beface="Times New Roman Star"to"beface="Times New Roman Star"tu"be|face="Times New Roman Star"to"beface="Times New Roman Star"tepeface="Times New Roman Star"tebeface="Times New Roman Star"to"be
face="Times New Roman Star"to"beface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 494, 505, TMN 2, 450-452, EDT 436, ЭСТЯ 3, 197-199, Лексика 201, Stachowski 227. The original meaning was probably 'crest, top of head': cf. Kirgh. tu"po"k 'бунчук', Chuv. t@w|bek 'crest, top of head'. Forms with d- in Oghuz may be a trace of a different root (see below); but Kirgh. do"bo" and Uygh. do"wa" are most probably < Mong. do"be.
face="Times New Roman Star"*to"n|-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to bowface="Times New Roman Star"наклонятьface="Times New Roman Star"to"n|it- (?-u"-) (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"to"n|it- (MK, KB)
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n|- 'to be toppled, turn upside down'




face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n|n|i 'bent'face="Times New Roman Star"to"n|nu"g 'convex'
face="Times New Roman Star"to"n|ko"k 'convex'

face="Times New Roman Star"to"n|ko"i-












face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 494, EDT 517, ЭСТЯ 3, 279-281.
face="Times New Roman Star"*To"mgekface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"stumpface="Times New Roman Star"пень


face="Times New Roman Star"tu"mge|k
face="Times New Roman Star"to.ngak


face="Times New Roman Star"to"n|n|eface="Times New Roman Star"dial. to"kbes? (Joki - Kyz.)
face="Times New Roman Star"to"n|o"s?
face="Times New Roman Star"t@m,t@mekeface="Times New Roman Star"to"n|u"rga"s, to"gu"rga"sface="Times New Roman Star"to"n|u"rges
face="Times New Roman Star"do"ho"s?
face="Times New Roman Star"din|gek
face="Times New Roman Star"t/du"n|ga"k, tu"mka"kface="Times New Roman Star"to"n|gek
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"ngekface="Times New Roman Star"din|gek
face="Times New Roman Star"to"ngekface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 493, ЭСТЯ 3, 279-281, Федотов 215, Stachowski 228.
face="Times New Roman Star"*terku" ( ? -i-)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"saddle strapsface="Times New Roman Star"торока
face="Times New Roman Star"tergu" (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"terki `rear saddlebow'
face="Times New Roman Star"terki (Pav. C.), (MKypch.) tergu" (Houts.)


face="Times New Roman Star"ta"rk `place behind the saddle'face="Times New Roman Star"tirkis?face="Times New Roman Star"tirg@face="Times New Roman Star"terigface="Times New Roman Star"terki
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"rt `back, back side', tu"rt-l@x 'чресседельник'face="Times New Roman Star"to"rgu":
face="Times New Roman Star"dergi










face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 475-476, EDT 544, TMN 2, 499-500. The stem is connected - in a somewhat unclear fashion - with *tirke- 'to hitch' (derived from tiz- 'to string' in Хелимский 1986 and Дыбо 1995, 282 - but the latter should be properly reconstructed as *dir/-, so this derivation is by no means certain). External evidence suggests that *-i- is original here; the vowel *-e- in *terku" may be due to the influence of *de:r-ke- 'to gather; equip' (see *de:r-).
face="Times New Roman Star"*to"re-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to be born, originateface="Times New Roman Star"рождаться, происходитьface="Times New Roman Star"to"ru"- (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"to"ru"- (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"tu"re-face="Times New Roman Star"tu"ra"- (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"to"ru"-, to"re- (Sangl., Abush.)


face="Times New Roman Star"to"ra"-face="Times New Roman Star"do"re-face="Times New Roman Star"to"r@-
face="Times New Roman Star"to"ro"-

face="Times New Roman Star"to"ro":-face="Times New Roman Star"to"ro":-face="Times New Roman Star"to"ru"-face="Times New Roman Star"do"ru"-face="Times New Roman Star"to"ro"-




face="Times New Roman Star"to"re-face="Times New Roman Star"do"re-

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 495, EDT 533, ЭСТЯ 3, 283-284, Stachowski 228. The Turkm. voicedness is unclear.
face="Times New Roman Star"*to"r/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 foundation, root 2 origin, ancestorsface="Times New Roman Star"1 корень 2 происхождение, основание, род, предкиface="Times New Roman Star"to"z (OUygh.) 2face="Times New Roman Star"to"z (MK, KB) 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"z 2 (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"to"z 1 ('root of the ear' - Sangl.), 2 (Pav. C.)




face="Times New Roman Star"to"s 'original spirits', to"s-te- 'to lay ground'face="Times New Roman Star"to"s 2, to"s-tu"k 'tree trunk'face="Times New Roman Star"to"s 2; 'shrub; original spirits'
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"re 'object of dedication; spirit'face="Times New Roman Star"to"ru"t 2face="Times New Roman Star"to"ru"tface="Times New Roman Star"do"s 1, 2, 'shrub'face="Times New Roman Star"do"s, to"s 1face="Times New Roman Star"to"z, to"s 2

face="Times New Roman Star"tu"z 2 (dial.)





face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 495, TMN 2, 612, EDT 571, Лексика 109, Федотов 2, 264, Stachowski 228.
face="Times New Roman Star"*toklyface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"lamb (6m. old)face="Times New Roman Star"ягненок до полугода
face="Times New Roman Star"toqly (MK, IM)face="Times New Roman Star"tokluface="Times New Roman Star"tuqty; tug|ys? 'a 1-year-old elk' (КСТТ)face="Times New Roman Star"tog|ly (Pav. C.),(MKypch.) toqly (Houts.)face="Times New Roman Star"to.qli
face="Times New Roman Star"toqtyface="Times New Roman Star"toGluface="Times New Roman Star"toqly


face="Times New Roman Star"tog|ly
face="Times New Roman Star"tugut 'calf, foal'face="Times New Roman Star"tugut 'calf, foal'face="Times New Roman Star"tog|du; tos? '1-year-old elk'face="Times New Roman Star"dos? '1-year-old elk' (Рас. ФиЛ)face="Times New Roman Star"toqtuface="Times New Roman Star"toqtyface="Times New Roman Star"toqlyface="Times New Roman Star"tuqtyface="Times New Roman Star"toqluface="Times New Roman Star"toqlu
face="Times New Roman Star"toqly
face="Times New Roman Star"toqluface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 485, TMN 2, 524, EDT 469, Лексика 434, Stachowski 229. Turk. > Hung. toklyo/ 'lamb', see Gombocz 1912.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Tus-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 profit, benefit 2 to be profitableface="Times New Roman Star"1 выгода 2 быть выгоднымface="Times New Roman Star"tusu 1 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"tusu 1 (MK), tus- 2, tusug|lug| 'good service' (KB)







face="Times New Roman Star"tuza
face="Times New Roman Star"tuza

face="Times New Roman Star"tuhaface="Times New Roman Star"tuha-la:- 'be helpful', tuhan- 'use'face="Times New Roman Star"duza










face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 501, Stachowski 230. Turk. > MMong. (MA) tusa, WMong. tusa 'help, service' (see Clark 1977, 157, Щербак 1997, 159; not vice versa, despite Sinor 1970), whence Man. tusa etc., see Doerfer MT 100, and possibly some modern Turkic forms as backloans.
face="Times New Roman Star"*tubn/a-kface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"hoofface="Times New Roman Star"копыто
face="Times New Roman Star"tujag| (MK), tujnaq (IM)face="Times New Roman Star"dujnakface="Times New Roman Star"tojaqface="Times New Roman Star"tuwaq (Sangl., Abush.), (MKypch.) tujaq (AH)face="Times New Roman Star"tujo|qface="Times New Roman Star"tuwaqface="Times New Roman Star"tujag|, tyjyg|
face="Times New Roman Star"tojnaqface="Times New Roman Star"tujg|axface="Times New Roman Star"tujg|aqface="Times New Roman Star"tujg|aq

face="Times New Roman Star"tujaxface="Times New Roman Star"tun/akface="Times New Roman Star"dujug|face="Times New Roman Star"dujug| (Рас. ФиЛ), tujug|face="Times New Roman Star"tujaqface="Times New Roman Star"tujaqface="Times New Roman Star"tujaqface="Times New Roman Star"tojaqface="Times New Roman Star"tujaq
face="Times New Roman Star"tujaqface="Times New Roman Star"tujaq, dojnaq (< Turkm.)face="Times New Roman Star"c'ynag| (ССЯ)face="Times New Roman Star"tujaqface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 499-500, EDT 519, Лексика 147, Stachowski 230. Chag., Uygh. tuwaq point to a labial *-b- in the stem, while Yak. -j- and -j- in other languages - to *-n/-: these reflexes can only be reconciled if we accept a cluster like *-bn/- in the protoform (perhaps a contraction < *tupi-nak or sim.).
face="Times New Roman Star"*torgajface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 small bird 2 larkface="Times New Roman Star"1 маленькая птица 2 жаворонокface="Times New Roman Star"toryg|a 1face="Times New Roman Star"turumtaj 'a predatory bird used for hawking' (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"turgaj 2face="Times New Roman Star"turg|aj 2



face="Times New Roman Star"torag|ajface="Times New Roman Star"torGaj 2face="Times New Roman Star"pos-targ|aj 2


face="Times New Roman Star"tъw|ri 2face="Times New Roman Star"tuja:r 1


face="Times New Roman Star"torg|oj 2








face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 490, EDT 550, TMN 2, 482-3, Лексика 176. Turk. > Kalm. torg|a": (KW 401).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Tujugface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"whole, completeface="Times New Roman Star"полностьюface="Times New Roman Star"tujg|un 'high official' (Orkh.)

face="Times New Roman Star"(КСТТ) tojoq






face="Times New Roman Star"tujuqface="Times New Roman Star"tuj 'compact, solid'; (dial.) tujag| 1 (R - Leb.)

face="Times New Roman Star"tuj(u)gun 'excellent', tujula:- 'to reach a high degree' (Пек.)


face="Times New Roman Star"tujuq








face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 497, EDT 568.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,tur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