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▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Commentsface="Times New Roman Star"*Komyl/- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 become drowsy, dry 2 become lean 3 greedy face="Times New Roman Star"1 âÿíóòü, çàñûõàòü, ñòàíîâèòüñÿ âÿëûì 2 õóäåòü, îñóíóòüñÿ 3 æàäíûé face="Times New Roman Star"qomsyz, dial. qomsyq 3 face="Times New Roman Star"xúw|ms?úw|l- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"xomn/uj- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qomxod| 3 face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 6, 147-148. face="Times New Roman Star"*bAjyr face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 hill, 2 foot-hill 3 hummock face="Times New Roman Star"1 õîëì 2 ïîäíîæüå ãîðû 3 ïðèãîðîê face="Times New Roman Star"bajyr 1 face="Times New Roman Star"bajyr 1 face="Times New Roman Star"pa:r 2 face="Times New Roman Star"byar 3 face="Times New Roman Star"bajyr 'mountain' face="Times New Roman Star"bajyr 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 2, 37-38, VEWT 57. The root should be distinguished from *ba:gyr 'liver' (although there may occur secondary mergers, cf. Tat. bawur 'slope'). It has no relationship (suggested in ÝÑÒß ) to Mong. bajir 'place' (derived from baji- 'to be' and borrowed in Uzb. bajir 'accustomed to local conditions', Kirgh. bajyr 'attachment to a place', Nogh. bajyr 'proper'); intermediate (not quite clear) cases are Chag. bajyr 'plain, desert' (Pav. C. ), Az. bajyr 'the external part of the inhabited area as opposed to the internal part', Khal. bajir 'uncultivated (place)'. face="Times New Roman Star"*go"t face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"anus, buttocks face="Times New Roman Star"çàäíèöà, ÿãîäèöû face="Times New Roman Star"ko"t (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"go"t face="Times New Roman Star"ko"t (MA , Pav. C. ), MKypch. ko"t (CCum ., Ettuhf. ) face="Times New Roman Star"ket face="Times New Roman Star"kot face="Times New Roman Star"ko"t face="Times New Roman Star"go"t face="Times New Roman Star"ko"t face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 294, EDT 700, ÝÑÒß 3, 84-85, TMN 3, 618, Ìóäðàê 50, Ëåêñèêà 281, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 316. Cf. also *gu"tu"k 'tailless'. face="Times New Roman Star"*simek face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"forest, jungle face="Times New Roman Star"ëåñ, ÷àùà face="Times New Roman Star"simek (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 828-829. face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka.n/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"edge, hem face="Times New Roman Star"êðàé, êàéìà face="Times New Roman Star"qaj (OUygh.) 'cross-road' face="Times New Roman Star"qajyg| (MK ) 'a place at an angle from the main road' face="Times New Roman Star"xaj face="Times New Roman Star"qajyr 'steep, precipitous' face="Times New Roman Star"xúju face="Times New Roman Star"kyjÏåê. ) 'road on the edge of a precipice' face="Times New Roman Star"xajy: 'located sideways' face="Times New Roman Star"qajma face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 221, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 338. Doubts about the OT word see in EDT 674, 676, Clark 1977 , 146. face="Times New Roman Star"*jAl-ky- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 shallow 2 wave face="Times New Roman Star"1 ìåëêèé 2 âîëíà face="Times New Roman Star"jalpaq 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?alg|yg| 1, c?alg|yjaq 2 face="Times New Roman Star"(?) Cf. also Chag. jalg|in 'Salzsteppe' etc. ( < 'shallow place'?), see VEWT 183. face="Times New Roman Star"*dal-g- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"wave face="Times New Roman Star"âîëíà face="Times New Roman Star"dalga 2 face="Times New Roman Star"talg|a 'Wellenschlag', talg|um, talqum 'sea waves' face="Times New Roman Star"dalg|a 2 face="Times New Roman Star"KW 94, VEWT 458, 487. An Oghuz word. face="Times New Roman Star"*u"gu"r/ (? *o"-) face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"small river face="Times New Roman Star"ðå÷êà face="Times New Roman Star"u"gu"z (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"u"gu"z (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"Kypch. ochus (CCum .) face="Times New Roman Star"o"gu"z face="Times New Roman Star"u"gu"z face="Times New Roman Star"u":s face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 369, EDT 119-120, TMN 2, 156, Ëåêñèêà 90. face="Times New Roman Star"*Tin|(mi) face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 sound 2 to talk 3 to grumble face="Times New Roman Star"1 çâóê 2 ãîâîðèòü 3 âîð÷àòü face="Times New Roman Star"[tynma 'do not speak' (MK - Oghuz.)] face="Times New Roman Star"tyn- 2, Osm. tyn-, dyn- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"tyn-syz 'wordless' face="Times New Roman Star"(MKypch.) tyn- 2 (Houts. ) face="Times New Roman Star"din- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"t@mel- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"c?@n- 2, c?@m-s@r 'wordless' face="Times New Roman Star"tin|ij- 'to produce loud thumping sounds' face="Times New Roman Star"din|mi 'rumble, thunder' face="Times New Roman Star"Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 86, EDT 514. Clauson regards the Oghuz verb as a metaphor from tyn- 'breathe', which is hardly the case (although some contaminations with this root, as well as with *Tim- 'silent', were possible). face="Times New Roman Star"*syr/- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to ooze 2 to melt face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñî÷èòüñÿ, êàïàòü 2 òàÿòü, ïëàâèòüñÿ face="Times New Roman Star"syz- 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"syz- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"syz- 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"syz- 1, 2 (AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"siz- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"sys- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"syz- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"syz- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"sys- 1, sysqyr- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"s?úran- 2, s?úrat- 'to strain' face="Times New Roman Star"syzyl- 1, sys-qa- 'to strain' face="Times New Roman Star"syz- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"syz- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"syz- 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 861, VEWT 420, ÝÑÒß 7. face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"p- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to swell 2 foam face="Times New Roman Star"1 íàáóõàòü 2 ïåíà face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pik, ko"pu"k (OUygh.) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pu"r- (MK ) 1, ko"pu"k (MK ) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pu"k 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ku"p- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"p- (Pav. C. ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ku.p- (dial.) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"p- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"p- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pik 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"p- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"p- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"kúw|búw|k 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"p- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"bu"j- 'pop up, float on the surface' face="Times New Roman Star"ko"'vu"k 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"'pu"k 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"p- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"b@k 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"p- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ku"p- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"p- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"go"p- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 689, 691, VEWT 291, ÝÑÒß 5, 108-111, Stachowski 154. face="Times New Roman Star"*Tegre face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"surroundings face="Times New Roman Star"îêðóæåíèå, îêðóãà face="Times New Roman Star"tegre (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"tegre (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"tegre 'side' (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"tegra face="Times New Roman Star"tavra face="Times New Roman Star"dieri 'to, towards' face="Times New Roman Star"dieri 'to, towards' face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 485, VEWT 469, ÝÑÒß 2, 178-179, Stachowski 80. face="Times New Roman Star"*su"ksu"k face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"tamarisk face="Times New Roman Star"âèä äåðåâà èëè êóñòàðíèêà, òàìàðèñê face="Times New Roman Star"su"ksu"k (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"su"ksu"k (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"su"ksu"k (Abush. , Áîð. Áàä. , Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"su"ksu"k 'firewood' face="Times New Roman Star"su"ksu"k face="Times New Roman Star"so"ska"n 'spiraea' face="Times New Roman Star"so"ska"n 'spiraea' face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 430, 435, EDT 823, ÝÑÒß 7. face="Times New Roman Star"*Kob- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to slander 2 conjuration, exorcism face="Times New Roman Star"1 êëåâåòàòü 2 çàêëèíàíèå face="Times New Roman Star"qovla- 1 (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"qovuz, qovuc? 2 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"kovu, kovy (dial.) 'slander' face="Times New Roman Star"qov 'slander' (AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"xobula:- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 6, 17-18, EDT 584, Clark 1977 , 147. Turk. > WMong. qob 'gossip' (KW 181), whence again Oyr. qop etc. (VEWT 281). Despite EDT 584, hardly connected with *Kob- 'to chase' (v. sub *go>\be\ ). face="Times New Roman Star"*bu"ru"-lgen face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"a k. of berry face="Times New Roman Star"âèä ÿãîäû face="Times New Roman Star"bo"rlegen face="Times New Roman Star"bo"lz?|u"(r)ga"n face="Times New Roman Star"pew|rlew|xen face="Times New Roman Star"bu"ldu"rko"n face="Times New Roman Star"bu"ldirgen face="Times New Roman Star"bo"/u"ldirgen face="Times New Roman Star"bo"rd|o"ge|n face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 93, Ëåêñèêà 139-140 (forms like Kaz. bu"ldirgen may reflect the same stem: *bu"ru"l-degen). Cf. also Mong. forms: bu"relgene 'êàëèíà', bo":ro"lgo"no" 'êîñòÿíèêà' which may be of Turkic origin. face="Times New Roman Star"*bakyr face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"cockle face="Times New Roman Star"êóêîëü face="Times New Roman Star"baqra face="Times New Roman Star"poxra face="Times New Roman Star"Ôåäîòîâ 1, 441-442. Cf. Tel. pag|yr 'allium nutans', 'ñëèçóí' (R ). face="Times New Roman Star"*turup / *turum face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"turnip face="Times New Roman Star"ðåïà face="Times New Roman Star"turma (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"tur(u)p face="Times New Roman Star"turp face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 501, EDT 549 (the Pers. forms are more probably < Turkic). face="Times New Roman Star"*jugak face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"a k. of water bird (diver, goose) face="Times New Roman Star"âèä âîäíîé ïòèöû (ãàãàðà, ãóñü) face="Times New Roman Star"jug|aq (MK ,KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 243, EDT 901, Ëåêñèêà 171. face="Times New Roman Star"*dogan face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"falcon face="Times New Roman Star"ñîêîë face="Times New Roman Star"tog|an (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"tog|an (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"dog|an face="Times New Roman Star"tog|an (Abush. , Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"tog|an face="Times New Roman Star"duan face="Times New Roman Star"tug|an face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 483, TMN 3, 351-352, ÝÑÒß 3, 247-248, Ëåêñèêà 169. Cf. also *Togryl 'hunting falcon' (VEWT 484, TMN 3, 346-347). face="Times New Roman Star"*durunja face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"crane face="Times New Roman Star"æóðàâëü face="Times New Roman Star"turun/ja face="Times New Roman Star"turna (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"turna face="Times New Roman Star"torna face="Times New Roman Star"durna face="Times New Roman Star"durna face="Times New Roman Star"túw|rna, (dial. Verkh.) t@w|rne face="Times New Roman Star"turj face="Times New Roman Star"duruj face="Times New Roman Star"duruj face="Times New Roman Star"turuna face="Times New Roman Star"tyrna face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 501, TMN 3, 199, EDT 551, ÝÑÒß 3, 301-302, Ëåêñèêà 173.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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