Bender 1979: 57. Quoted as kòːˈó-má in [Uzar 1989: 365].
Metemma Gumuz:koːwa2
Bender 1979: 57. Quoted as kǝ̄ōː-á 'all, whole, complete', kǝ̄ō ~ kǝ̄ō-mà 'all' in [Innocenti 2010: 143]. Cf. also gūŋā 'all, many' [Innocenti 2010: 138].
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:2
WORD:ashes
Sai Gumuz:wofa1
Bender 1979: 57.
Sese Gumuz:ḿ=fa1
Bender 1979: 57. Quoted as m=fa in [Uzar 1989: 357].
Metemma Gumuz:ofa1
Bender 1979: 57. Plural: mɛ=ofa. Quoted as ōfá in [Innocenti 2010: 153].
Gojjam Gumuz:wofaː1
Bender 1979: 57.
NUMBER:3
WORD:bark
Sai Gumuz:ɓǝba1
Bender 1979: 58. Quoted as ɓáɓá in [Ahland 2012: 452].
Sese Gumuz:ɓǝ́ba1
Bender 1979: 58. Quoted as ɓáɓˈá in [Uzar 1989: 350].
Metemma Gumuz:be-ma1
Bender 1979: 58. In [Innocenti 2010: 125], the word bēā is glossed with polysemy: 'skin / rind / bark', whereas in Bender's notes the form bíah only means 'skin' q.v., while be-ma ~ beː-ma may be used to denote both 'skin' and 'bark'. In any case, be-ma looks like a transparent derivation from bea. In Ahland's account of Northern Gumuz, the word for 'bark' has the same shape as in Southern Gumuz: ɓáɓá [Ahland 2012: 452].
Gojjam Gumuz:siyaː2
Bender 1979: 58.
NUMBER:4
WORD:belly
Sai Gumuz:ila1
Bender 1979: 58.
Sese Gumuz:
Not attested in our main sources. Cf. yílˈá ~ ʔílˈá ~ ílˈá 'belly' in [Uzar 1989: 359].
Metemma Gumuz:iːlǝ1
Bender 1979: 58. Quoted as ɕílá (sic!), with polysemy: 'belly / intestines / inside' in [Innocenti 2010: 129].
Gojjam Gumuz:ilaʔu ~ ilwaː1
Bender 1979: 58.
NUMBER:5
WORD:big
Sai Gumuz:bǝbǝku-ma1
Bender 1979: 58.
Sese Gumuz:m=bóɣı-ma1
Bender 1979: 58. Quoted as m̀=bˈòkʼò-mà in [Uzar 1989: 353].
Metemma Gumuz:obɛ-cʸ-1
Bender 1979: 58. Quoted as ōbí-cǝ̄ ~ ōbí-cǝ̄-mā 'big, enormous, abundant' in [Innocenti 2010: 153]. Cf. also ōbú-kwā ~ ōbú-kú-líɕā 'bigness, largeness' [ibid.]. Additionally, cf. bɛšɛːkǝ 'big' in [Bender 1979: 58], not confirmed in [Innocenti 2010].
Gojjam Gumuz:obo-ma1
Bender 1979: 58.
NUMBER:6
WORD:bird
Sai Gumuz:didɛ=mɛta1
Bender 1979: 58. Literally = 'small hen'. Another equivalent is mɛtɛ-gɛzia, literally = 'hen of forest' (cf. the same equivalents in Kokit and Gojjam Gumuz).
Sese Gumuz:mı́ta1
Bender 1979: 58. Quoted as métˈá 'hen' in [Uzar 1989: 357].
Metemma Gumuz:meta-gıziya1
Bender 1979: 58. Literally = 'hen of forest'. Quoted as mǝ̄tá 'chicken, bird' in [Innocenti 2010: 150].
Gojjam Gumuz:meta-gúzza1
Bender 1979: 58. Literally = 'hen of forest'.
NUMBER:7
WORD:bite
Sai Gumuz:kʼǝŋ1
Bender 1979: 58. Plural: kʼǝŋ-idya.
Sese Gumuz:kʼǝŋ1
Bender 1979: 58. Quoted as kʼáŋ in [Uzar 1989: 358].
Metemma Gumuz:kʼǝŋ1
Bender 1979: 58. Quoted as kʼǝ́ŋ in [Innocenti 2010: 144].
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:8
WORD:black
Sai Gumuz:mǝ=hiː-ma1
Bender 1979: 58.
Sese Gumuz:mǝ=ŋi-ma1
Bender 1979: 58.
Metemma Gumuz:mǝ=xeː-ma1
Bender 1979: 58. Quoted as mǝ̄=ħíː ~ mǝ̄=ħíː-má in [Innocenti 2010: 149]. Transparently derived from the verbal root ħi 'to be black; to be dark (of sky)' [Innocenti 2010: 140].
Gojjam Gumuz:ma=kʰi-ma1
Bender 1979: 58.
NUMBER:9
WORD:blood
Sai Gumuz:maha1
Bender 1979: 58. Quoted as màhá in [Ahland 2012: 459].
Sese Gumuz:mǝhá1
Bender 1979: 58. Quoted as māhˈā in [Uzar 1989: 356].
Metemma Gumuz:mǝxaː1
Bender 1979: 58. Quoted as mǝ́há in [Innocenti 2010: 149]; as màχá in [Ahland 2012: 459].
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:10
WORD:bone
Sai Gumuz:žɔkwa1
Bender 1979: 58.
Sese Gumuz:žǝ́kwa1
Bender 1979: 58.
Metemma Gumuz:žɔkwa1
Bender 1979: 58. Quoted as žǝ́kʼwá in [Innocenti 2010: 162].
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:11
WORD:breast
Sai Gumuz:kuːwǝ1
Bender 1979: 58. Glossed simply as 'breast', therefore somewhat dubious (since the form could refer to 'female' rather than 'male' breast), but based on evidence from the Kokit (Mandura) dialect of Gumuz in [Innocenti 2010], there is no lexical differentiation between 'female' and 'male' breast there; with caution, this information could be extrapolated onto the other dialects of Gumuz.
Sese Gumuz:kúa1
Bender 1979: 58. Same situation as in Sai Gumuz q.v.
Metemma Gumuz:kuwa1
Bender 1979: 58. Quoted as kúá, with polysemy: 'milk / teat / breast (female) / chest (male)' in [Innocenti 2010: 143]. Quoted as kúá 'breast, milk' in [Ahland 2012: 458].
Gojjam Gumuz:kuwa1
Bender 1979: 58. Same situation as in Sai Gumuz q.v.
NUMBER:12
WORD:burn tr.
Sai Gumuz:giːs-ukʼw1
Bender 1979: 58. Plural: gis-iʓukʼw.
Sese Gumuz:
Not attested.
Metemma Gumuz:=ʓes-ɛɕ1
Bender 1979: 58. Quoted as ʓīs 'to roast, to fry', ʓīs-ǝ́kʼw 'to burn in the fire' in [Innocenti 2010: 141-142].
Gojjam Gumuz:ges1
Bender 1979: 58.
NUMBER:13
WORD:claw(nail)
Sai Gumuz:kʼɔ=cica1
Bender 1979: 58.
Sese Gumuz:kʼú=cıca1
Bender 1979: 58.
Metemma Gumuz:kʼwɔ=cʼica1
Bender 1979: 58. The same form is quoted as kʼwá=cīcā 'finger-tip, finger' in [Innocenti 2010: 145]. It seems rather obviously derived from cīcā 'middle finger' [Innocenti 2010: 159], prefixed with the auxiliary morpheme kʼwá 'above, upon' [Innocenti 2010: 145]. The actual meaning 'nail' is rendered in [Innocenti 2010: 156] as the compound šǝ̄mbǝ̄rǝ̄ kʼwācīcā, where the first word is unclear.
Gojjam Gumuz:koteɕuwoː2
Bender 1979: 58.
NUMBER:14
WORD:cloud
Sai Gumuz:dama1
Bender 1979: 58. Same word as 'rain' q.v.
Sese Gumuz:
Not attested.
Metemma Gumuz:gyɛxamba2
Bender 1979: 58. Distinct from kʼuda 'fog' [ibid.]. Quoted as ʓīħāmbā ~ ʓǝ̄ħāmbā in [Innocenti 2010: 141].
Gojjam Gumuz:daːwzba3
Bender 1979: 58. Also masíngala id. [ibid.].
NUMBER:15
WORD:cold
Sai Gumuz:mǝ=pʼiɲi-ma1
Bender 1979: 58. Said of water, etc.; distinct from gidida 'cold (of air)'.
Sese Gumuz:
Not attested properly. In [Bender 1979: 58], the equivalent gı́dıda is listed for the meaning 'cold'; however, it corresponds to Sai Gumuz gidida 'cold (of air)', rather than the required 'cold (of water, etc.)', and it is unclear if the Sese dialect has really merged both meanings in a single term. In fact, this does not seem likely in the light of the form m̀=ɓíŋá-má 'cold' (no further semantic specification) in [Unseth 1989: 368]. So as not to create a false lexicostatistical differentiation, we prefer to leave the slot empty for the moment.
Metemma Gumuz:ɓiŋyi-ma1
Bender 1979: 58. In [Innocenti 2010: 127], this stem is quoted as ɓǝ̄ɲ 'to be fresh (of temperature)' and is opposed to gǝ̄dīdá 'cold' (e. g. of coffee or other liquids) [Innocenti 2010: 136]. It is not clear if Bender's and Innocenti's subdialects are semantically differentiated in this respect or not; more textual evidence is needed.
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:16
WORD:come
Sai Gumuz:we1
Bender 1979: 59. Plural: wo-dye.
Sese Gumuz:we1
Bender 1979: 59.
Metemma Gumuz:we1
Bender 1979: 59; Innocenti 2010: 160. Quoted as úá-é in [Ahland 2012: 459].
Gojjam Gumuz:waːy1
Bender 1979: 59.
NUMBER:17
WORD:die
Sai Gumuz:ša1
Bender 1979: 59. Plural: ši-gya. Quoted as šá in [Ahland 2012: 458].
Sese Gumuz:ša1
Bender 1979: 59.
Metemma Gumuz:ša1
Bender 1979: 59. Quoted as šà in [Innocenti 2010: 156]; as šá in [Ahland 2012: 458].
Gojjam Gumuz:da=š1
Bender 1979: 59. The quoted form is most probably 3rd p. sg.
NUMBER:18
WORD:dog
Sai Gumuz:kʼowa1
Bender 1979: 59.
Sese Gumuz:kʼǝ́wa1
Bender 1979: 59.
Metemma Gumuz:kʼowa1
Bender 1979: 59. Plural: mǝ=kʼowa. Quoted as kʼǝ̄ōā in [Innocenti 2010: 144].
Gojjam Gumuz:qaːwa ~ koa1
Bender 1979: 59.
NUMBER:19
WORD:drink
Sai Gumuz:fa1
Bender 1979: 59. Plural: fi-dya. Quoted as fá in [Ahland 2012: 453] (cf. also d=à=f 'he/she drank' ibid.).
Sese Gumuz:fa1
Bender 1979: 59. Cf. n=à=f 'he may drink' in [Uzar 1989: 349].
Metemma Gumuz:fa1
Bender 1979: 59. Plural: fe-kya. Quoted as fā in [Innocenti 2010: 135]; as fá in [Ahland 2012: 453] (cf. also n=à=f 'let him/her drink' ibid.).
Gojjam Gumuz:feː1
Bender 1979: 59.
NUMBER:20
WORD:dry
Sai Gumuz:mi=kʸeʔe-ma1
Bender 1979: 59.
Sese Gumuz:mı=ɕó-ma1
Bender 1979: 59.
Metemma Gumuz:mɛ=kʸeː-ma1
Bender 1979: 59. Quoted as mǝ̄=ɕēʔǝ̄ ~ mǝ̄=ɕēʔǝ̄-mā in [Innocenti 2010: 148], with the specific meaning 'arido' (i. e. 'dried out', e. g. of earth); derived from the verbal stem ɕeʔǝ 'to be dry, dried out' [Innocenti 2010: 129]. According to Innocenti, the adjectival stem is to be distinguished from mǝ̄=čǝ́čǝ́ ~ mǝ̄=čǝ́čǝ́-mā 'dry' (e. g. of wood); for this second stem, however, the corresponding derivational verbal base is not attested. Normally, this second word should be a better equivalent for the required Swadesh meaning, but the distinction is not recognized in our primary source [Bender 1979], so for the time being we prefer to follow Bender on this issue.
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:21
WORD:ear
Sai Gumuz:cʼea1
Bender 1979: 59. Quoted as cʼéà in [Ahland 2012: 456].
Sese Gumuz:sʼéa1
Bender 1979: 59. Quoted as ɕʼˈéà in [Unseth 1989: 365].
Metemma Gumuz:cʼea1
Bender 1979: 59. Quoted as sʼéā in [Innocenti 2010: 156].
Gojjam Gumuz:sʼeːwu1
Bender 1979: 59. Plural: sʼeː-ma.
NUMBER:22
WORD:earth
Sai Gumuz:nea1
Bender 1979: 59. Plural: e=nea or eba (suppletive?).
Sese Gumuz:ńɗea1
Bender 1979: 59.
Metemma Gumuz:nʔea1
Bender 1979: 59. Quoted as ndʼéā, with polysemy: 'earth / soil / place' in [Innocenti 2010: 151].
Gojjam Gumuz:nía1
Bender 1979: 59. Also ennéah id.
NUMBER:23
WORD:eat
Sai Gumuz:sa1
Bender 1979: 59. Plural: si-gya. Quoted as sá in [Ahland 2012: 458].
Sese Gumuz:sa1
Bender 1979: 59.
Metemma Gumuz:sa1
Bender 1979: 59. Quoted as sá in [Innocenti 2010: 154; Ahland 2012: 457]. Bender also quotes the form eŋ with the same meaning, without discussing its semantic difference from sa; however, its existence is not confirmed in Innocenti's lexical data.
Gojjam Gumuz:ma=s1
Bender 1979: 59.
NUMBER:24
WORD:egg
Sai Gumuz:iša1
Bender 1979: 59.
Sese Gumuz:ıšı-mta1
Bender 1979: 59. The second part of the word is the root for 'hen, bird' q.v.
Metemma Gumuz:iši-mita1
Bender 1979: 59. The second part of the word is the root for 'hen, bird' q.v. Quoted as īːšá 'egg' (cf. also īšǝ́-mǝ́tā 'hen's egg') in [Innocenti 2010: 140].
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:25
WORD:eye
Sai Gumuz:li=tya1
Bender 1979: 60.
Sese Gumuz:ɕa1
Bender 1979: 60. Cf. kˈó=ɕá 'eye' in [Uzar 1989: 353] (probably = kʼwá=ɕá in Innocenti's Kokit Gumuz q.v.).
Metemma Gumuz:iliː=ɕa1
Bender 1979: 60. Plural: m=iːliː=ɕa. Quoted as lī=ɕá, with polysemy: 'eye / face' in [Innocenti 2010: 146]; as lí=ɕá 'eye, face' in [Ahland 2012: 455]. Another equivalent, but with the same lexical root, is kʼwá=ɕá 'eye' [Innocenti 2010: 74]. Both lī= 'hole, cavity' and kʼwá= 'top, up' are somewhat desemanticized spatial prefixes.
Gojjam Gumuz:il=ɕʼuwa1
Bender 1979: 60. Also illi=kúma id. (semantic distinction is unknown).
NUMBER:26
WORD:fat n.
Sai Gumuz:saːgwa1
Bender 1979: 60. Quoted as sàːgwà in [Ahland 2012: 458].
Sese Gumuz:sáwgwa1
Bender 1979: 60.
Metemma Gumuz:saːgwa1
Bender 1979: 60. Quoted as sāgẃ in [Innocenti 2010: 154], where the meaning is glossed as 'grasso, obeso, pingue', i. e. implying the adjectival meaning 'fat, obese' rather than the nominal meaning '(piece of) fat'; however, no separate word for the noun 'fat' is listed, and 'grasso' does mean both 'fat (adj.)' and 'fat (nom.)' in Italian.
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:27
WORD:feather
Sai Gumuz:beːkʼwa1
Bender 1979: 60. Same word as 'hair' q.v.
Sese Gumuz:
Not attested.
Metemma Gumuz:
Not attested.
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:28
WORD:fire
Sai Gumuz:mandʸa1
Bender 1979: 60.
Sese Gumuz:mánʓa1
Bender 1979: 60. Quoted as mˈàːnʓà in [Uzar 1989: 357].
Metemma Gumuz:maːnʓa1
Bender 1979: 60. Quoted as mánʓá, with polysemy: 'fire / firewood', in [Innocenti 2010: 147].
Gojjam Gumuz:manʓaː1
Bender 1979: 60.
NUMBER:29
WORD:fish
Sai Gumuz:ıwaha ~ ıwha1
Bender 1979: 60. Quoted as ùhà in [Uzar 1989: 356].
Sese Gumuz:wúŋa1
Bender 1979: 60. Quoted as ˈùŋà in [Uzar 1989: 356].
Metemma Gumuz:goːša2
Bender 1979: 60. Quoted as gōːšā in [Innocenti 2010: 138].
Gojjam Gumuz:goša2
Bender 1979: 60.
NUMBER:30
WORD:fly v.
Sai Gumuz:
Not attested.
Sese Gumuz:
Not attested in our main sources. Cf., however, pùŋ 'to fly' in [Uzar 1989: 349].
Metemma Gumuz:
Not attested.
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:31
WORD:foot
Sai Gumuz:ɕogwa ~ gi=ɕogwa1
Bender 1979: 60, 62. Polysemy: 'foot / leg'.
Sese Gumuz:ʓí=ɕǝgwa #1
Bender 1979: 62. Formally attested only in the meaning 'leg', but it does not seem likely that this particular dialect of Gumuz uses a lexical distinction between 'foot' and 'leg', in contrast to the rest of the dialects.
Metemma Gumuz:ɕogwa1
Bender 1979: 60. Quoted as čǝ̄gwá 'leg, paw' in [Innocenti 2010: 128]; no separate word with the meaning 'foot' is attested in Innocenti's materials. Quoted as čàgwà 'foot, leg' in [Ahland 2012: 458].
Gojjam Gumuz:sʼogu1
Bender 1979: 60. Cf. also ɕʼuggumaː 'leg' in [Bender 1979: 62] - most likely, some sort of suffixal extension of the same word (cf. the situation in the other dialects).
NUMBER:32
WORD:full
Sai Gumuz:mi=tyityiku-ma1
Bender 1979: 60.
Sese Gumuz:mı=ɕʼúɣı-ma1
Bender 1979: 60.
Metemma Gumuz:mi=ɕʼokʼu-ma1
Bender 1979: 60. Cf. in [Innocenti 2010: 128]: čʼīč` 'to be full, to be filled' (intr.), čʼīčʼ-ǝ́kʼw 'to fill up' (tr.). This, however, seems to be a different root from Bender's =ɕʼokʼ-, which finds no correlations in Innocenti's lexical materials.
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:33
WORD:give
Sai Gumuz:tya1
Bender 1979: 60. Plural: tyi-dya. Quoted as ɕá in [Ahland 2012: 454].
Sese Gumuz:ɕʼa1
Bender 1979: 60. Quoted as ɕá in [Uzar 1989: 353].
Metemma Gumuz:tay1
Bender 1979: 60. Quoted as ɕá in [Innocenti 2010: 129]; as ɕá in [Ahland 2012: 454].
Bender 1979: 61. Also dogwonǝ-ma id.; dagǝh id.; mǝ=gǝhǝ-ma id. In [Innocenti 2010: 138], the word gīšā-má is glossed as 'goodness', i. e. a noun. The main verbal root with the meaning 'to be good' is glossed as gǝ̄h [Innocenti 2010: 137], from which further cf. mǝ̄=gǝ́hǝ́ ~ mǝ̄=gǝ́hǝ́-má 'good, beautiful' [Innocenti 2010: 149]; it is also listed as gàχ ~ gáχ 'be good' in [Ahland 2012: 458, 459]. Provisionally, it makes sense to include the roots giš- and gǝh- as synonymous equivalents.
Gojjam Gumuz:ba=gaham2
Bender 1979: 61.
NUMBER:34
WORD:good
Sai Gumuz:
Sese Gumuz:
Metemma Gumuz:mǝ=gǝhǝ-ma2
Bender 1979: 61.
Gojjam Gumuz:
NUMBER:35
WORD:green
Sai Gumuz:
Not attested.
Sese Gumuz:
Not attested.
Metemma Gumuz:má=nzí-má #1
Innocenti 2010: 147. Polysemy: 'green / fertile / luxuriant'. The same word, apparently, is also glossed as mǝ́=nzī-má 'blue, green' in [Innocenti 2010: 149]; cf. also the noun mǝ́=nzī-cā 'fertility, greenness' [ibid.]. Not attested in Bender's materials.
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:36
WORD:hair
Sai Gumuz:beːkʼwa1
Bender 1979: 61. Quoted as béːkʼwá in [Ahland 2012: 458].
Sese Gumuz:békʼwa1
Bender 1979: 61. Quoted as bˈéːkʼʷà in [Uzar 1989: 355].
Metemma Gumuz:beːkʼwa1
Bender 1979: 61. Quoted as bēkʼwā in [Innocenti 2010: 126].
Gojjam Gumuz:beːkwaː1
Bender 1979: 61.
NUMBER:37
WORD:hand
Sai Gumuz:ela ~ era1
Bender 1979: 61.
Sese Gumuz:
Not attested in our main sources. Cf. èlˈà 'hand' in [Uzar 1989: 360].
Metemma Gumuz:ɛla1
Bender 1979: 61. Plural: m=eːla. Quoted as éāː, with polysemy: 'hand / arm' in [Innocenti 2010: 132] (with regular elision of -l-).
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:38
WORD:head
Sai Gumuz:lukʼwa1
Bender 1979: 61.
Sese Gumuz:yílukʼwa1
Bender 1979: 61.
Metemma Gumuz:ilukwa1
Bender 1979: 61. Plural: m=ilukwa. Quoted as līkʼwá in [Innocenti 2010: 146].
Gojjam Gumuz:ilku1
Bender 1979: 61.
NUMBER:39
WORD:hear
Sai Gumuz:gǝs-ǝkʼu1
Bender 1979: 61. Plural: gǝs-ǝdyuːk.
Sese Gumuz:gǝs-ówkʼw1
Bender 1979: 61.
Metemma Gumuz:=gɛs1
Bender 1979: 61. Quoted as gǝ̄s, with polysemy: 'to hear / to listen / to understand' in [Innocenti 2010: 137].
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:40
WORD:heart
Sai Gumuz:kʼubica1
Bender 1979: 61. Quoted as kʼóbíːcá in [Ahland 2012: 456].
Sese Gumuz:kʼúbıca1
Bender 1979: 61. Quoted as kʼˈóbícá in [Uzar 1989: 352].
Metemma Gumuz:kuɓica1
Bender 1979: 61. Differently in [Innocenti 2010: 145]: kʼwánzā 'heart'.
Gojjam Gumuz:sʼokonzu2
Bender 1979: 61.
NUMBER:41
WORD:horn
Sai Gumuz:dyukwa1
Bender 1979: 61.
Sese Gumuz:kǝ́la2
Bender 1979: 61.
Metemma Gumuz:ʓuːkʼwa1
Bender 1979: 61. Quoted as ʓíkʼwá in [Innocenti 2010: 141].
Gojjam Gumuz:komaː3
Bender 1979: 61.
NUMBER:42
WORD:I
Sai Gumuz:a=ɗa ~ a=ra1
Bender 1979: 45.
Sese Gumuz:a=ra1
Bender 1979: 45.
Metemma Gumuz:a=ra1
Bender 1979: 45. Quoted as á=rā ~ á=ɗā in [Innocenti 2010: 27]; as á=ɗà in [Ahland 2012: 460]. Cf. the pronominal possessive suffix: -mà 'me, my' [Innocenti 2010: 37].
Gojjam Gumuz:a=daː1
Bender 1979: 45.
NUMBER:43
WORD:kill
Sai Gumuz:šǝ-kʼwa1
Bender 1979: 61. Plural: šɛ-dyidyuk.
Sese Gumuz:šo-kʼw1
Bender 1979: 62.
Metemma Gumuz:=šoː-kʼw1
Bender 1979: 62. Quoted as šǝ̄-kʼẁ in [Innocenti 2010: 156].
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:44
WORD:knee
Sai Gumuz:kʼu=ɕyi-ɕyokwa1
Bender 1979: 62. Also kumbǝrǝ id.
Sese Gumuz:
Not attested.
Metemma Gumuz:kʼwɔ=ɕiː-ɕukwa1
Bender 1979: 62. Quoted as kʼwá=ɕīɕǝ̄-čǝ̄gwā in [Innocenti 2010: 145], analyzable as kʼwá= 'up, top' + ɕíɕā 'spine (?)' + čǝgwa 'foot, leg' q.v. (the word 'spine' possibly has a submeaning 'joint'?).
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:45
WORD:know
Sai Gumuz:gǝm1
Bender 1979: 62. Plural: gǝm-idya. Quoted as gàm 'know, find' in [Ahland 2012: 461] (it is also indicated in the notes that gàm phonetically varies with gàŋ in Southern Gumuz).
Sese Gumuz:gǝm1
Bender 1979: 62. Quoted as ɠàm 'know, learn' in [Uzar 1989: 354].
Metemma Gumuz:gɛm-1
Bender 1979: 62. Also azǝxw id. In [Innocenti 2010: 137], the word gǝ̄m is glossed as 'to see, to look, to observe', whereas the default word for 'to know' is listed as zǝ̄ħ [Innocenti 2010: 161] = Bender's azǝxw. Similarly in [Ahland 2012: 458], the meaning 'know' is glossed as zàχ.
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:46
WORD:leaf
Sai Gumuz:cʼidya1
Bender 1979: 62.
Sese Gumuz:sʼǝ́nʓa2
Bender 1979: 62.
Metemma Gumuz:sʼiŋgya2
Bender 1979: 62. Quoted as sʼínʓā in [Innocenti 2010: 156].
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:47
WORD:lie
Sai Gumuz:žıg-ıc1
Bender 1979: 62. Plural: žıgı-dyıc.
Sese Gumuz:adgǝɕʼorc2
Bender 1979: 62.
Metemma Gumuz:žig-ic1
Bender 1979: 62. Same root as in 'to sleep' q.v.
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:48
WORD:liver
Sai Gumuz:andiya1
Bender 1979: 62.
Sese Gumuz:
Not attested.
Metemma Gumuz:bıfa #2
Bender 1979: 62. This may be a semantic misglossing, since in [Innocenti 2010: 126], the same word is listed as bǝ̄fá 'lungs'. The equivalent for 'liver' listed there is sānkā [Innocenti 2010: 155], same as in Gojjam Gumuz.
Gojjam Gumuz:suːnka3
Bender 1979: 62.
NUMBER:49
WORD:long
Sai Gumuz:mǝ=zeːmǝ-ma1
Bender 1979: 62.
Sese Gumuz:mǝ=gú-ma2
Bender 1979: 62.
Metemma Gumuz:mɛ=tɛ=z-a1
Bender 1979: 62. Cf. the verbal root zǝ̄m 'to be high' in [Innocenti 2010: 161] and the nominal derivates mǝ̄=zǝ̄m-á 'height', mǝ̄=tǝ̄=zǝ̄m-á 'height, stature' [Innocenti 2010: 150]. Quoted as zàm 'be long' in [Ahland 2012: 461].
Gojjam Gumuz:mu=tːu=zm-a1
Bender 1979: 62.
NUMBER:50
WORD:louse
Sai Gumuz:sukuna1
Bender 1979: 62.
Sese Gumuz:tʼǝ́ŋwa2
Bender 1979: 62.
Metemma Gumuz:sukuːna1
Bender 1979: 62.
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:51
WORD:man
Sai Gumuz:
Not attested.
Sese Gumuz:
Not attested in our main sources. Cf. gùnzˈá 'man' in [Uzar 1989: 357].
Metemma Gumuz:
Not attested. Cf. gūnzá ~ gwīnzá, pl. mǝ̄=gūnzá 'male, man' in [Innocenti 2010: 138].
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:52
WORD:many
Sai Gumuz:bǝbǝku-ma1
Bender 1979: 62. Same word as 'big' q.v. According to the same source, the meaning 'big' can also be expressed by mi=tyitiku-ma 'full' q.v.
Sese Gumuz:ómǝnǯı-ma2
Bender 1979: 62. Cf. also mˈárà 'many, much' in [Uzar 1989: 359].
Metemma Gumuz:=dǝga3
Bender 1979: 62. Not attested in [Innocenti 2010], where there are instead several different equivalents: čǝ̄nǝ̄ká 'much, many, large quantity of' [Innocenti 2010: 128]; mérrā 'much, many' [Innocenti 2010: 148]; mī=čʼīčǝ̄ ~ mī=čʼīčǝ̄-má 'many' [Innocenti 2010: 150] (the latter is the same as in Gojjam Gumuz).
Gojjam Gumuz:me=ɕʼeɕʼu-maː4
Bender 1979: 62.
NUMBER:53
WORD:meat
Sai Gumuz:bıɕa1
Bender 1979: 62.
Sese Gumuz:bǝ́ɕʼa1
Bender 1979: 62. Quoted as bàčʼˈà in [Uzar 1989: 352].
Metemma Gumuz:bıɕʼa1
Bender 1979: 62. Quoted as bīčʼā in [Innocenti 2010: 126].
Gojjam Gumuz:bǐɕʼaː1
Bender 1979: 62.
NUMBER:54
WORD:moon
Sai Gumuz:bidya1
Bender 1979: 62.
Sese Gumuz:ɓiʓa1
Bender 1979: 62.
Metemma Gumuz:ɓiʓa1
Bender 1979: 62. Quoted as ɓíʓā in [Innocenti 2010: 127].
Gojjam Gumuz:biya ~ béʓa1
Bender 1979: 62.
NUMBER:55
WORD:mountain
Sai Gumuz:kotogwa1
Bender 1979: 63.
Sese Gumuz:bǝgǝ́mɓa2
Bender 1979: 63. Cf. also dˈóːlá 'mountain' in [Uzar 1989: 364].
Metemma Gumuz:moːʔa3
Bender 1979: 63. Also kʼwamo id. (this may, in fact, be kʼwa=mo, where the root is the same as in moːʔa and the prefix is kʼwa= 'top, up'). Quoted as mōʔā in [Innocenti 2010: 151]. Another possible equivalent recorded there is the idiomatic expression ɓǝ̄gǝ́cǝ̄ ndʼéā 'mountain', literally 'body of earth' [Innocenti 2010: 127].
Gojjam Gumuz:damúɣa4
Bender 1979: 63. Also fir id.; geša id.
NUMBER:56
WORD:mouth
Sai Gumuz:li=sa1
Bender 1979: 63.
Sese Gumuz:yí=li=sa1
Bender 1979: 63.
Metemma Gumuz:yi=liː=sa1
Bender 1979: 63. Quoted as lí=sā 'mouth, oral cavity' in [Innocenti 2010: 146]. The first element is the derivational prefix li= 'hole, cavity' (cf. 'eye'); the pure nominal stem is also attested as sà 'opening, oral cavity; border, margin; voice, sound, word' [Innocenti 2010: 154].
Gojjam Gumuz:suwa1
Bender 1979: 63. Also simaː id.
NUMBER:57
WORD:name
Sai Gumuz:cʼea1
Bender 1979: 63. Same word as 'ear' q.v.
Sese Gumuz:sʼéa1
Bender 1979: 63. Same word as 'ear' q.v.
Metemma Gumuz:cʼea1
Bender 1979: 63. Same word as 'ear' q.v. Quoted as sʼéā in [Innocenti 2010: 156].
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:58
WORD:neck
Sai Gumuz:ɓiya1
Bender 1979: 63. Quoted as ɓìà in [Ahland 2012: 453].
Sese Gumuz:
Not attested. Cf. ɓˈìà 'throat' in [Uzar 1989: 350], also glossed as 'neck' in [Uzar 1989: 364].
Metemma Gumuz:gı=ɓiya1
Bender 1979: 63. Quoted as ɓíːà in [Innocenti 2010: 127]; as ɓìà in [Ahland 2012: 453].
Gojjam Gumuz:biwaː1
Bender 1979: 63.
NUMBER:59
WORD:new
Sai Gumuz:
Not properly attested. According to [Bender 1979: 63], the meaning 'new' is expressed by such equivalents as afrika (literally 'from Africa') and itogiya (literally 'from Ethiopia') (sic!). However, cf. ɕìɕá 'new' for Southern Gumuz in [Ahland 2012: 455].
Sese Gumuz:
Not attested.
Metemma Gumuz:kikye-ma2
Bender 1979: 63. Quoted as ɕīɕǝ̄- ~ ɕīɕǝ̄-má 'new, recent' in [Innocenti 2010: 129].
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:60
WORD:night
Sai Gumuz:mǝgaːkwa1
Bender 1979: 63.
Sese Gumuz:
Not attested.
Metemma Gumuz:mǝgaːkwa1
Bender 1979: 63. Plural: mǝ=mǝgaːkwa. Quoted as mǝ̄gākwā in [Innocenti 2010: 149].
Gojjam Gumuz:magakwĕ1
Bender 1979: 63.
NUMBER:61
WORD:nose
Sai Gumuz:ita1
Bender 1979: 63. Quoted as íːtà in [Ahland 2012: 454].
Sese Gumuz:yíta1
Bender 1979: 63. Quoted as í́tˈà (phonetically = yítʰˈà) in [Uzar 1989: 350].
Metemma Gumuz:iːta1
Bender 1979: 63. Quoted as l=íttā in [Innocenti 2010: 146] (conjoined with the derivational prefix li= 'hole, cavity', as in 'eye', 'mouth' q.v.). Quoted as íːtà ~ l=ítà in [Ahland 2012: 454, 455].
Bender 1979: 53. Post-verbal negation marker; cf. ɛsar-aŋo 'I do not eat', etc. Quoted as -āŋgō in [Innocenti 2010: 78].
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:63
WORD:one
Sai Gumuz:metam1
Bender 1979: 68.
Sese Gumuz:metá1
Bender 1979: 68. Quoted as mètˈá in [Uzar 1989: 350].
Metemma Gumuz:meta1
Bender 1979: 68. Quoted as mêtá in [Innocenti 2010: 57].
Gojjam Gumuz:metaː ~ metaːm ~ mítal1
Bender 1979: 68.
NUMBER:64
WORD:person
Sai Gumuz:bǝga1
Bender 1979: 63. Quoted as bàχà in [Ahland 2012: 453].
Sese Gumuz:bǝ́ga1
Bender 1979: 63. Quoted as ɓˈàgà ~ bˈàgà 'people' in [Uzar 1989: 354].
Metemma Gumuz:baːha1
Bender 1979: 63. Plural: bǝ̀gá. Quoted as bāhā in [Innocenti 2010: 125]; as ɓàgà in [Ahland 2012: 458].
Gojjam Gumuz:bag ~ bagaː1
Bender 1979: 63. Also gunzaː ~ guĕnza id. (this is more likely the equivalent for 'man (male)' q.v.).
NUMBER:65
WORD:rain
Sai Gumuz:dama-1
Bender 1979: 64. Borrowed from Amharic.
Sese Gumuz:dóma-1
Bender 1979: 64. Borrowed from Amharic.
Metemma Gumuz:dǝma-1
Bender 1979: 64. Borrowed from Amharic. Quoted as dǝ̄mā in [Innocenti 2010: 131].
Gojjam Gumuz:damma-1
Bender 1979: 64. Borrowed from Amharic.
NUMBER:66
WORD:red
Sai Gumuz:mɔw=eː-cɛ-ma1
Bender 1979: 64.
Sese Gumuz:yémǝha2
Bender 1979: 64.
Metemma Gumuz:mı=reː-ma1
Bender 1979: 64. Quoted as mǝ̄=ʔē-má in [Innocenti 2010: 148]; also mǝ̄=é-cǝ̄-má id. [ibid.].
Gojjam Gumuz:mu=yeː-muː ~ meː=yu-ma1
Bender 1979: 64.
NUMBER:67
WORD:road
Sai Gumuz:ndoa1
Bender 1979: 64.
Sese Gumuz:ndó1
Bender 1979: 64.
Metemma Gumuz:ɕaŋgǝha2
Bender 1979: 64. Quoted as ɕánʓǝ̄ħā in [Innocenti 2010: 129].
Gojjam Gumuz:ɕingaɣa2
Bender 1979: 64.
NUMBER:67
WORD:road
Sai Gumuz:tyaːŋga2
Bender 1979: 64. Semantic difference between ndoa and tyaːŋga is unclear.
Sese Gumuz:
Metemma Gumuz:
Gojjam Gumuz:sʼonaʔa ~ sʼoɲuha3
Bender 1979: 64. Semantic difference between ɕingaɣa and sʼonaʔa is unclear.
NUMBER:68
WORD:root
Sai Gumuz:tixa ~ tixǝ-ma1
Bender 1979: 64.
Sese Gumuz:tı́nıʓa2
Bender 1979: 64.
Metemma Gumuz:mboxa3
Bender 1979: 64. Differently in [Innocenti 2010: 157]: tǝ̄ħá, with polysemy: 'root / beard' (same as in Sai Gumuz).
Gojjam Gumuz:taríɣia4
Bender 1979: 64.
NUMBER:69
WORD:round1
Sai Gumuz:ma=ndeːndyaha-ma1
Bender 1979: 64. Meaning glossed as 'round (flat)'.
Sese Gumuz:gandı́ŋa2
Bender 1979: 64.
Metemma Gumuz:mı=leŋyeha3
Bender 1979: 64.
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:69
WORD:round2
Sai Gumuz:ma=luːluko-ma4
Bender 1979: 64. Meaning glossed as 'round (spherical)'.
Sese Gumuz:
Metemma Gumuz:mı=ɗiɗibuː-ma5
Bender 1979: 64.
Gojjam Gumuz:
NUMBER:70
WORD:sand
Sai Gumuz:saːsı-ma1
Bender 1979: 64.
Sese Gumuz:sásı-ma1
Bender 1979: 64.
Metemma Gumuz:sası-ma1
Bender 1979: 64.
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:71
WORD:say
Sai Gumuz:kǝl1
Bender 1979: 64. Plural: kǝl-dya. Quoted as kâl in [Ahland 2012: 460].
Sese Gumuz:kǝl1
Bender 1979: 64.
Metemma Gumuz:=kǝl1
Bender 1979: 64. Cf. kā 'to say' in [Innocenti 2010: 142] = kàː ~ káː 'say' in [Ahland 2012: 455, 458].
Gojjam Gumuz:da=ŋěšě2
Bender 1979: 64.
NUMBER:72
WORD:see
Sai Gumuz:yiːɗ1
Bender 1979: 65.
Sese Gumuz:ir2
Bender 1979: 65. Quoted as yír in [Uzar 1989: 359].
Metemma Gumuz:=wirr2
Bender 1979: 65. Glossed as wuɗ ~ wur 'to look, to see' in [Innocenti 2010: 160]. Also, in [Innocenti 2010: 137], the word gǝ̄m is glossed as 'to see, to look, to observe', but it corresponds to Bender's equivalents for 'to know' q.v.
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:73
WORD:seed
Sai Gumuz:ɕıgɛtiyɛ1
Bender 1979: 65.
Sese Gumuz:šóka2
Bender 1979: 65. Quoted as šòːkˈà in [Uzar 1989: 364], with polysemy: 'seed / tribe'.
Metemma Gumuz:kyɛ-ma3
Bender 1979: 65. Also tʼɛrraba id. (borrowed from Arabic). Quoted as ɕà 'seed, grain' in [Innocenti 2010: 129], without the nominal suffix -ma; but also as ɕī-má 'seed' in the Italian-Gumuz appendix [Innocenti 2010: 232].
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:74
WORD:sit
Sai Gumuz:ıːš1
Bender 1979: 65. Plural: iʓ-ıš. Quoted as ʔíːš in [Ahland 2012: 458].
Sese Gumuz:ʔiš1
Bender 1979: 65. Quoted as ʔìːš in [Uzar 1989: 363].
Metemma Gumuz:=iš1
Bender 1979: 65. Quoted as īš in [Innocenti 2010: 140].
Gojjam Gumuz:iš1
Bender 1979: 65.
NUMBER:75
WORD:skin
Sai Gumuz:bea1
Bender 1979: 65.
Sese Gumuz:béa1
Bender 1979: 65.
Metemma Gumuz:beːya1
Bender 1979: 65. Quoted as bēā, with polysemy: 'skin / bark' in [Innocenti 2010: 125].
Gojjam Gumuz:bíah ~ beː-ma1
Bender 1979: 65.
NUMBER:76
WORD:sleep
Sai Gumuz:žıg1
Bender 1979: 65. Plural: žıg-idya. Quoted as žìʓ in [Ahland 2012: 458].
Sese Gumuz:ži1
Bender 1979: 65.
Metemma Gumuz:ziʓ1
Bender 1979: 65. Quoted as žìg in [Innocenti 2010: 162]; as žìʓ in [Ahland 2012: 457].
Gojjam Gumuz:ʓi1
Bender 1979: 65.
NUMBER:77
WORD:small
Sai Gumuz:duduː-ma1
Bender 1979: 65. Also edubaʔ id.
Sese Gumuz:dusʼiʓın2
Bender 1979: 65.
Metemma Gumuz:diːdu-ma1
Bender 1979: 65. Cf. díʔ ~ díʔ-ā 'small' in [Innocenti 2010: 131]. Cf. also the verbal root ħác 'to be small' [Innocenti 2010: 139], with the derived adjectives mǝ̄=ħácǝ̄ ~ mǝ̄=ħácǝ̄-mā 'small' and phonetic variants mǝ̄=ħāɕǝ́ ~ mǝ̄=ħāɕǝ́-má id. [Innocenti 2010: 149].
Gojjam Gumuz:teɕʼen3
Bender 1979: 65.
NUMBER:78
WORD:smoke
Sai Gumuz:ɗuːkwa1
Bender 1979: 65.
Sese Gumuz:súŋwa2
Bender 1979: 65.
Metemma Gumuz:ɗuːkwa1
Bender 1979: 65. Completely different equivalent in [Innocenti 2010: 193]: mǝ̄=ɗít-ā 'smoke', transparently derived from the verbal root ɗít 'to smoke' [ibid.]. For some reason, the nominal derivate is only listed in the Italian-Gumuz index, rather than in the main body of the vocabulary.
Gojjam Gumuz:tukwa1
Bender 1979: 65.
NUMBER:79
WORD:stand
Sai Gumuz:iː1
Bender 1979: 66. Plural: iː-dya. Quoted as ʔíː-čàgw in [Ahland 2012: 458].
Sese Gumuz:í-ɕukw1
Bender 1979: 66. Quoted as ʔˈíː-čòg in [Uzar 1989: 356].
Metemma Gumuz:=i-ɕogw1
Bender 1979: 66. Quoted as íː, with polysemy: 'to stand / to be present / to live' in [Innocenti 2010: 140] (transcribed orthographically as [`íí], but the symbol ` is not explained; possibly a misprint or a peculiar way of marking some prothetic laryngeal articulation of a non-phonological character). Quoted as ʔíː-čàgw in [Ahland 2012: 458].
Gojjam Gumuz:i1
Bender 1979: 66.
NUMBER:80
WORD:star
Sai Gumuz:biːža1
Bender 1979: 66. Quoted as bíːžà in [Ahland 2012: 452].
Sese Gumuz:bıža1
Bender 1979: 66.
Metemma Gumuz:biːža1
Bender 1979: 66. Quoted as bīːžā in [Innocenti 2010: 127].
Gojjam Gumuz:beʓa1
Bender 1979: 66. Also bawaː id.
NUMBER:81
WORD:stone
Sai Gumuz:gıša1
Bender 1979: 66.
Sese Gumuz:gıša1
Bender 1979: 66. Quoted as gˈíšá in [Uzar 1989: 352].
Metemma Gumuz:giːša1
Bender 1979: 66. Quoted as gīšá in [Innocenti 2010: 138]; as gíšá in [Ahland 2012: 458].
Gojjam Gumuz:geša ~ giša1
Bender 1979: 66.
NUMBER:82
WORD:sun
Sai Gumuz:oka1
Bender 1979: 66. Quoted as òːká in [Ahland 2012: 458].
Sese Gumuz:óka1
Bender 1979: 66. Quoted as òːkˈá, with polysemy: 'sun / God' in [Uzar 1989: 354].
Metemma Gumuz:wɔːka1
Bender 1979: 66. Quoted as ōká in [Innocenti 2010: 153]; as òːká in [Ahland 2012: 458].
Gojjam Gumuz:wokaː1
Bender 1979: 66.
NUMBER:83
WORD:swim
Sai Gumuz:tub1
Bender 1979: 66. Plural: tub-udya. Differently in [Ahland 2012: 457]: mà=cʼàlà 'to swim' (however, this is the same etymon as in Sese Gumuz q.v.).
Sese Gumuz:sʼǝl2
Bender 1979: 66. Quoted as cʼàl in [Uzar 1989: 352].
Metemma Gumuz:=tıb1
Bender 1979: 66.
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:84
WORD:tail
Sai Gumuz:ciya1
Bender 1979: 66.
Sese Gumuz:cía1
Bender 1979: 66.
Metemma Gumuz:cʼiya1
Bender 1979: 66. Quoted as cíā in [Innocenti 2010: 159]; as cíà in [Ahland 2012: 457].
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:85
WORD:that
Sai Gumuz:ba=te ~ ba=t1
Bender 1979: 45. Allegedly distinct from baː=te 'that (very far)'.
Sese Gumuz:
Not attested.
Metemma Gumuz:=lɛ=t1
Bender 1979: 45. Distinct from plural =leː=t 'those'. Quoted as lǝ̄=ttā 'that' (far away from the speaker) in [Innocenti 2010: 34]. According to Innocenti, there is also a third (intermediate) degree of deixis: lǝ̄=nà 'that' [Innocenti 2010: 33].
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:86
WORD:this
Sai Gumuz:ba=ne ~ ba1
Bender 1979: 45.
Sese Gumuz:
Not attested in our main sources. Cf. dˈáːlà 'this' in [Uzar 1989: 350].
Metemma Gumuz:=la2
Bender 1979: 45. Plural form: =laː-ne 'these'. Quoted as lā 'this' (near the speaker) in [Innocenti 2010: 33].
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:87
WORD:thou
Sai Gumuz:a=ma1
Bender 1979: 45.
Sese Gumuz:a=m1
Bender 1979: 45.
Metemma Gumuz:a=ma1
Bender 1979: 45. Quoted as á=mā in [Innocenti 2010: 27]; as á=mà in [Ahland 2012: 461]. Cf. also the pronominal suffix: -ūwā 'thee, thy' [Innocenti 2010: 37].
Gojjam Gumuz:a=maː1
Bender 1979: 45.
NUMBER:88
WORD:tongue
Sai Gumuz:kʼotɛta ~ kʼwotɛta1
Bender 1979: 67.
Sese Gumuz:
Not attested in our main sources. Cf., however, tʼátʼˈá 'tongue' in [Uzar 1989: 350].
Metemma Gumuz:kʼwaːtʼɛtʼa1
Bender 1979: 67. Quoted as kʼōtʼá in [Innocenti 2010: 145]; cf. also tʼǝ̄tʼā 'tongue' for the Kamashi dialect [Innocenti 2010: 159].
Gojjam Gumuz:kutta1
Bender 1979: 67.
NUMBER:89
WORD:tooth
Sai Gumuz:kʼosa1
Bender 1979: 67.
Sese Gumuz:
Not attested.
Metemma Gumuz:kʼwosa1
Bender 1979: 67. Quoted as kʼōːsā in [Innocenti 2010: 144]; as kʼósà in [Ahland 2012: 458].
Gojjam Gumuz:qosu1
Bender 1979: 67.
NUMBER:90
WORD:tree
Sai Gumuz:giya1
Bender 1979: 67. Quoted as ʓá in [Ahland 2012: 454].
Sese Gumuz:ʓa1
Bender 1979: 67. Quoted as ʓá 'tree, wood' in [Uzar 1989: 353].
Metemma Gumuz:ʓya1
Bender 1979: 67. Quoted as ʓā in [Innocenti 2010: 141]; as ʓá in [Ahland 2012: 454].
Gojjam Gumuz:ʓa1
Bender 1979: 67.
NUMBER:91
WORD:two
Sai Gumuz:mband1
Bender 1979: 68.
Sese Gumuz:mbán1
Bender 1979: 68.
Metemma Gumuz:mbaːnda1
Bender 1979: 68. Quoted as mbánd in [Innocenti 2010: 57].
Gojjam Gumuz:mbaːnd ~ ambaːnd1
Bender 1979: 68.
NUMBER:92
WORD:walk (go)
Sai Gumuz:cʼa1
Bender 1979: 60. Plural: cʼi-dya. Quoted as mà=cá in [Ahland 2012: 457].
Sese Gumuz:ɗa2
Bender 1979: 60. Quoted as ɗā in [Uzar 1989: 351].
Metemma Gumuz:ca1
Bender 1979: 60. Quoted as cā in [Innocenti 2010: 159]; as cá in [Ahland 2012: 456].
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:92
WORD:walk (go)
Sai Gumuz:
Sese Gumuz:
Metemma Gumuz:ɗa2
Bender 1979: 60. Semantic difference from ca is not understood. Possibly, this is the same word as dāš 'to reach, arrive, go' in [Innocenti 2010: 130], provided -š is really a directional suffix, in which case it would become ineligible for lexicostatistical comparison. However, it is not entirely clear if -š is segmentable in the lexeme adduced by Innocenti.
Gojjam Gumuz:
NUMBER:93
WORD:warm
Sai Gumuz:g=woːk-a1
Bender 1979: 67. Formally a passive derivate from the verb 'to be hot' (see notes on Kokit), cf. òːk 'be hot' in [Ahland 2012: 455].
Sese Gumuz:gǝ́=wkǝ-ma1
Bender 1979: 67. Formally a passive derivate from the verb 'to be hot' (see notes on Kokit).
Metemma Gumuz:ga=wko-gwa1
Bender 1979: 67. Formally a passive derivate from the verb 'to be hot'. The verb itself is glossed as ōk in [Innocenti 2010: 153]. The exact derived form is not attested in that source, but cf. a different derivate: g=ōːk-ǝ́c-ā 'fever' (literally 'warmed-up body').
Gojjam Gumuz:g=ok-ěm1
Bender 1979: 67. Formally a passive derivate from the verb 'to be hot' (see notes on Kokit).
NUMBER:94
WORD:water
Sai Gumuz:aya1
Bender 1979: 67. Quoted as àyà in [Ahland 2012: 462].
Sese Gumuz:áia1
Bender 1979: 67.
Metemma Gumuz:aya1
Bender 1979: 67. Quoted as āyā in [Innocenti 2010: 125].
Gojjam Gumuz:aya ~ haːyaː1
Bender 1979: 67.
NUMBER:95
WORD:we1
Sai Gumuz:a=kwa1
Bender 1979: 45. Inclusive form. Quoted as ákwà in [Ahland 2012: 458].
Sese Gumuz:a=kwa1
Bender 1979: 45. Inclusive form.
Metemma Gumuz:a=kwa1
Bender 1979: 45. Inclusive form. Quoted as á=kwā in [Innocenti 2010: 27]. Cf. also the pronominal suffix: =kwā 'us, our' (incl.) [Innocenti 2010: 37].
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:95
WORD:we2
Sai Gumuz:ila ~ aila2
Bender 1979: 45. Exclusive form.
Sese Gumuz:aila2
Bender 1979: 45. According to a note, "said to be dual", but still placed in the "exclusive" column of the comparative paradigm. Quoted as á=ˈílà in [Unseth 1989: 367].
Metemma Gumuz:ila2
Bender 1979: 45. According to a note, "said to be dual", but still placed in the "exclusive" column of the comparative paradigm. Quoted as á=īlā 'we (excl.)' in [Innocenti 2010: 27]. Cf. also the pronominal suffix: =mīlā 'us, our' (excl.) [Innocenti 2010: 37].
Gojjam Gumuz:
NUMBER:96
WORD:what
Sai Gumuz:ıncʼe ~ ıncʼa1
Bender 1979: 54.
Sese Gumuz:
Not attested.
Metemma Gumuz:ıncʼe1
Bender 1979: 54. Quoted as n̩c (pl. mǝ̄=n̩c-) in [Innocenti 2010: 54].
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:97
WORD:white
Sai Gumuz:mpuː-ma1
Bender 1979: 67.
Sese Gumuz:mpú-ma1
Bender 1979: 67.
Metemma Gumuz:mpuː-ma1
Bender 1979: 67. Quoted as mpú ~ mpú-má in [Innocenti 2010: 151].
Gojjam Gumuz:impu-na ~ ampoː-ma1
Bender 1979: 67.
NUMBER:98
WORD:who
Sai Gumuz:ora ~ ore ~ ole1
Bender 1979: 54.
Sese Gumuz:
Not attested.
Metemma Gumuz:wɔre1
Bender 1979: 54. Quoted as wōl ~ wōr, pl. mǝ̄=wōl ~ m=ōl in [Innocenti 2010: 53].
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:99
WORD:woman
Sai Gumuz:ŋgıfa1
Bender 1979: 67.
Sese Gumuz:ŋ́gofa1
Bender 1979: 67.
Metemma Gumuz:ıŋgıfa1
Bender 1979: 67. Quoted as ńgǝ̄fā ~ ŋ́gǝ̄fā in [Innocenti 2010: 152].
Bender 1979: 60. Quoted as ɕʼˈéɓèt in [Uzar 1989: 353].
Metemma Gumuz:mǝ=xǝtǝ-ma2
Bender 1979: 60. Quoted as mǝ̄=ħǝ́t ~ mǝ̄=ħǝ́t-ǝ́má in [Innocenti 2010: 149]; cf. the underlying verbal stem ħǝ̄t-ákʼw 'to be far' in [Innocenti 2010: 140]. Another derived form is mā=ŋħǝ́t-ílǝ́ ~ mā=ŋħǝ́t-ílǝ́-mā 'deep, far' [Innocenti 2010: 147].
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:102
WORD:heavy
Sai Gumuz:mı=šikʼi-ma1
Bender 1979: 61.
Sese Gumuz:
Not attested.
Metemma Gumuz:gıšiya2
Bender 1979: 61. This word is actually listed as a noun in [Innocenti 2010: 138]: gīšíʔá 'weight, burden'.
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:103
WORD:near
Sai Gumuz:ɗiɕ1
Bender 1979: 63.
Sese Gumuz:rıɕé1
Bender 1979: 63.
Metemma Gumuz:ɗiɕɛ1
Bender 1979: 63. Cf. ɗīč 'to be near, to go near', ɗīč-àkʼw 'to be near', ɗíč-èːkʼw 'to approach, go near' in [Innocenti 2010: 132].
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:104
WORD:salt
Sai Gumuz:sǝŋa1
Bender 1979: 64.
Sese Gumuz:sǝ́ŋa1
Bender 1979: 64.
Metemma Gumuz:sǝŋa1
Bender 1979: 64. Quoted as sǝ̄ŋā in [Innocenti 2010: 155]; as sàŋà in [Ahland 2012: 461].
Gojjam Gumuz:siŋga1
Bender 1979: 64.
NUMBER:105
WORD:short
Sai Gumuz:m=bǝr-ma1
Bender 1979: 65.
Sese Gumuz:m=bǝ́lǝ-ma1
Bender 1979: 65.
Metemma Gumuz:bǝː=pa2
Bender 1979: 65. Also dapʼǝl id. Cf. pʼá 'to trim, shorten', pʼá-kʼw 'to be short, low' in [Innocenti 2010: 154]; the derived adjectival form is m=pʼá ~ m=pʼá-mā 'short' [Innocenti 2010: 151]. Bender's bǝːpa most likely < *mǝ=pa with assimilation.
Gojjam Gumuz:dúqua3
Bender 1979: 65.
NUMBER:106
WORD:snake
Sai Gumuz:hola1
Bender 1979: 65.
Sese Gumuz:
Not attested in our main sources. Cf., however, hōlˈā 'snake' in [Uzar 1989: 356].
Metemma Gumuz:xʼwola1
Bender 1979: 65. Quoted as ħōlá in [Innocenti 2010: 140]. Another similar, but lexically different, entry there is ħwá 'snake' [ibid.]. In the Italian-Gumuz index, however, ħwá is listed as the default 'snake', and ħōlá is listed with the meaning 'type of snake'. Cf. χwàá 'snake' in [Ahland 2012: 459].
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:107
WORD:thin
Sai Gumuz:mǝ=kɛsɛ-ma1
Bender 1979: 66.
Sese Gumuz:
Not attested.
Metemma Gumuz:mu=kwiɕa1
Bender 1979: 66.
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:107
WORD:thin
Sai Gumuz:mı=sısiː-ma2
Bender 1979: 66. Difference between the two words is unclear.
Sese Gumuz:
Metemma Gumuz:mi=sisiti-ma2
Bender 1979: 66. Meaning glossed as 'thin (of thread)'; the word is distinguished from mi=sisipu-ma 'thin (of people)', although both seem to contain the same root.
Gojjam Gumuz:
NUMBER:108
WORD:wind
Sai Gumuz:zuba1
Bender 1979: 67.
Sese Gumuz:
Not attested in our main sources. Cf., however, zʋ̀bʷˈá 'wind' in [Uzar 1989: 350].
Metemma Gumuz:zuːba1
Bender 1979: 67. Quoted as zībá in [Innocenti 2010: 162].
Gojjam Gumuz:zubbaː1
Bender 1979: 67.
NUMBER:109
WORD:worm
Sai Gumuz:yiɕa1
Bender 1979: 68. Quoted as íːčà in [Ahland 2012: 456].
Sese Gumuz:
Not attested.
Metemma Gumuz:iːɕa1
Bender 1979: 68. Quoted as íčā in [Innocenti 2010: 140]; as íːčà in [Ahland 2012: 455].
Gojjam Gumuz:
Not attested.
NUMBER:110
WORD:year
Sai Gumuz:giːža1
Bender 1979: 68.
Sese Gumuz:gíža1
Bender 1979: 68. Quoted as gìžˈá in [Uzar 1989: 352].
Metemma Gumuz:giža1
Bender 1979: 68. Quoted as gīžá in [Innocenti 2010: 138]; as gìžá in [Ahland 2012: 458].
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