Indo-European etymology : Query result

Proto-IE: *g'hes-r-

Meaning: hand

Hittite: kessar n., kessera- c. 'Hand' (Tischler 558 f)

Tokharian: A tsar, B ṣar 'Hand' (PT *[čṣ]ar) (Adams 649)

Old Indian: hásta- m. `hand'

Avestan: zasta-

Other Iranian: OPers dasta- 'Hand'

Armenian: ʒerrn, pl. ʒerkh `Hand'

Old Greek: khẹ̄́r, gen. khẹ̄rós, pl. dat. khersí, dor. khḗr, gen. khēr-ós, aeol. acc. khérr', pl. acc. kherras f. `Hand, Faust'

Baltic: *pa=ǯas-t-i- c., *pa=ǯas-t-iā̃ f.

Latin: hīr `thénar, tò kôi̯lon tē̂s khẹ̄rós, vola'

Albanian: dórë, pl. dúar f. `hand'

Russ. meaning: рука (Hand)

References: WP I 541, 603 f

Proto-IE: *gheur-

Meaning: angry, pitiful, etc.

Old Indian: ghorá- `venerable, awful, terrific', n. `venerableness, awfulness, horror'

Slavic: *žūrī́tī

Germanic: *gaur-a- adj.; *gur-n-ō- vb.

Russ. meaning: сердитый, жалкий etc.

References: WP I 636

Proto-IE: *g'hew- (*g'hōw-)

Meaning: to pour

Tokharian: A, B ku- 'offer a libation, pour' (Adams 179)

Old Indian: juhóti, juhuté `to sacrifice, sprinkle on, offer an oblation', pass. hūyáte, ptc. hutá-; hóma- m. `act of making an oblation, oblation', hótar- m. `an offerer of an oblation', hotrá- n. `sacrificing, oblation', hótrā f. `function or office of a priest', havís- n. `an oblation or burnt offering', hava- m. id.

Avestan: zaotar-, zaoɵr- m. `Priester, Opferpriester', zaoɵra- n., zaoɵrā `glüssige Opferspende, Opfertrank, Opferguss'

Other Iranian: MPers zōt `Opfertrank', NPers zōr `Weihwasser'

Armenian: ʒoyl `gegossen', ʒew `Form, Gestalt

Old Greek: khéō, spät -khǘnō, aor. ékhe(u̯)a, -ámǟn, khé(u̯)ai̯, med. ékhüto, khǘ́meno-, pass. ekhǘthēn, khüthē̂nai̯, pf. med. kékhümai̯, hell. kékhüka, va. khütó- `giessen, aus-, er-, vergiessen, schütten, aus-, aufschütten'; med. intr. `sich ergiessen, strömen, sich verbreiten', pass. `ergossen, (auf)geschuttet werden'; khêu̯ma n. `Guss, Strom, Giesskanne', khǘma n. `Guss, (gegossener) Barren, Menge, Masse', ; khóano-s m. Schmelzofen', khoǟ́ `Guss, Weiherguss, Trankopfer, Totenspende', khóo-s, khoû-s, gen. khọ̄̂ m./f. `Kanne (als Mass); ausgeschüttete Erdfe, Schutt'; khō̂ma, -atos n. 'earth thrown up, bank, mound, thrown up against the walls of cities to take them'; pro-khǘtǟ-s m. `Kanne, Krug', khütḗr `Giesskanne', khǘsi-d f. `das Aufgiessen, -schütten', khǘtro-s (/kǘthro-s) m., khǘtrǟ, ion. khǘtrǟ f. `irdener Topf', khǘtlo-n n. `Waschwaseer', adv. khǘdǟn `in Stromen, haufenweise, ungeordnet'; khṓnnǖmi, -ǘō, selten pros-khôi̯, -khọ̄̂si, khọ̄̂n (wie von *khówō), aor. khō̂sai̯, -sasthai̯, pf. med. kékhōsmai̯, act. kékhōka `aufschütten, aufwerfen, mit Schutten oder Erde ausfüllen'; khō̂ma n. `Aufschüttung, Schutt, Damm, Wall', khō̂si-s f. `das Aufschütten, Aufwerfen, Eindämmen'

Germanic: *giut-a- vb.; *giut=; *gut-i- c.; *gius-a- adj.

Latin: fūtis, -is f. `vas aquarium..., quod in triclinio allatam aquam infundebant', fūtilis, futtilis `leicht ausgiessbar, zerbrechlich'; exfutī (~ -ū-) `effusi, ut mertat pro mersat' (Paul. Fest. 81); effūtīre `herausschwatzen, ausplaudern, schwatzen'; fundō, -ere, fūdī, fūsum `giessen, vergiessen, ausschütten; schmelzen; in die Flucht schlagen'

Russ. meaning: лить, совершать возлияние

References: WP I 563 f

Proto-IE: *g'hē-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to go, to leave

Old Indian: jáhāti `to put away, remove, avoid, abstain', aor. áhāt, ahāyi, ptc. hīná-, pass. hī́yáte; jíhīte `to bound away; to go, depart'; hāni- f. `abandonment, relinquishment, disappearance'

Avestan: zazāmi `ich entlasse aus', mit avā̆- `entfernen, verscheuchen', upa-, frā- `herzulassen, herzuführen'; uz-zā- `aufspringen, sich aufrichten'

Old Greek: khḗtei, -ei̯ dat. n. `aus Mangel, aus Sehnsucht' (*khē̂tos n.), khē̂tos = éndeia, stérēsis Hsch.; khátos n. `id.'; khē̂ro- `beraubt, leer', khḗrǟ f. `Witwe, vom Gatten verlossene Frau, vidua'; khō̂ro-s m. `(freier, leerer) Raum, Gegend, Land', khṓrǟ f. `(leerer, freier) Raum, Zwischenraum; Platz, Stellung, Rang, Ort, Gegend, Lanadgut, Land; Augenhöhle', adv., praep. khōrís `(ab)gesondert, getrennt, fern von, ausser', khōrízdō `(ab)sondern, trennen'; kházdomai̯, aor. khás(s)asthai̯; ps. apokhastē̂_i = apothánē_i Hsch.; khatéō `ermangeln, bedürfen, begehren'

Germanic: *gē- vb.

Latin: hērēs, -ēdis m. `der Erbe'

Russ. meaning: уходить, покидать

References: WP I 542 f

Proto-IE: *g(')hēr-

Meaning: hedgehog

Old Greek: khḗr, gen. khērós 'hedgehog' Hsch.

Latin: ēr, gen. ēris/ērī m. `Igel'

Russ. meaning: зверек (еж)

References: WP I 610

Proto-IE: *g'hēy(w)-, *g'hyāw-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to yawn, to gape

Hittite: ki-nu- (I) 'öffnen, aufbrechen' (Tischler 578 f)

Tokharian: A śew- 'yawn'; B kāy- 'open wide' (Adams 153)

Old Indian: vi-jihīte `to fly open, gape, yawn', vihāyas- m.n. `open space, air, sky'

Old Greek: kháskō `gähne, klaffe', khēramó-s `klaffende Öffnung'

Slavic: *zējǭ, *zьjā́ti; *zēvati; *zēvъ

Baltic: *ǯjā̂- vb., *ǯjā̂-t-i- c., *ǯjā̂w-ā̂ (1) f., *ǯjā̂w-ā̂- (1) vb.

Germanic: *gij-a- vb.; *giw-ō (f), *giw-iɵ-ō f., *gī-n-a- vb., *gi-n-ō- vb.; *gī-r-a- m., *gi-r-(i)a- adj., *gī-m-ōn- f., *gai-m-an- m., *gai-m-a- m., etc.

Latin: hiō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum `gähnen, klaffen, den Mund aufsperren; gierig sein'; hietāre `den Mund aufsperren, weit öffnen'; hīscō, -ere `klaffen, den Muind auftun'; hiulcus, -a `klaffend, gespalten, offen, gierig schnmappend'

Other Italic: Osk eehianasúm `ēmittendārum, fugandārum (hostiārum); Umbr ehiato `ēmissōs'

Russ. meaning: зевать, зиять

References: WP I 548 f

Proto-IE: *g'hī̆

Meaning: part.

Old Indian: hí `emphatic particle after the 1st word of the sentence'

Avestan: zī `emphatic particle after the 1st word of the sentence'

Old Greek: ou̯-khí, mḗ-khi, hǟ̂-khi 'wo', nái̯-khi 'jawohl, allerdings'

Slavic: *zī

Baltic: *gi

Latin: negōtium 'занятие, дело, работа, деятеьность'; negāre 'давать отрицатеьный ответ, отрицать; отказывать'

References: WP I 541 f

Proto-IE: *g'hlād-

Meaning: to shout, to make a noise

Old Indian: hrādate `to sound, roar, make a noise', hrāda- m. `sound, noise'

Avestan: zrāda- m. `Kettenpanzer'

Other Iranian: NPers zirih `Panzer'

Old Greek: pf. (Pind.) kékhlāda `to exult loudly'; kekhlēdénai = psopheîn Hsch.; kakhlázdō (/kokhlázdō q.v.) `klatschen, plätschern, brausen (vom Wasser)', kakhlái̯nō id. (Hsch.)

Celtic: OIr ad-glādur `alloquor'

Russ. meaning: кричать, шуметь

References: WP I 659 f

Proto-IE: *ghlādh-

Meaning: smooth, glossy

Slavic: *glā́dъkъ(jь), *glā́dītī

Baltic: *glā̃d-u-, -n-u-, -n-a-, *glō̃d-n-u-, -n-a-, *glō̃t-n-u-, -n-a- adj., *glā̂d- vb. tr., *glā̂d-(s)ta- (1) c., *glā̂d-(s)tā̂ f.

Germanic: *glad-a- adj.

Latin: glaber, -a `glatt, unbehaart, kahl'

Russ. meaning: гладкий, глянцевый

References: WP I 624 f

Proto-IE: *g(')hlās- (~ -ō-)

Meaning: brilliant

Germanic: *glōs=, *glōz-ō- vb.; *glás-a- n./*glaz-á- n.; *glēz=; *glōs-ō- vb.

Celtic: Gaul glastum Pflanzenname; Ir glass `grün, grau, blau'; Cymr glas `blau'; Bret glaz `grün'

Russ. meaning: блестящий

References: WP I 624 f

Proto-IE: *ghlen-

Meaning: to shine, to look

Slavic: *glę̄dḗtī, *glę̄dātī

Germanic: *glan-ō- vb., *glan-a- n., *glann-iōn- f., *glin-t-a- vb., *glan-t-ia- vb.; *glan-t-a- adj.; *glan-t-iō f.

Celtic: *glendtio- etc. > OIr ad-gleinn `er belehrt', in-glennat `vestigant', fo-gliunn `ich lerne', glēse `glānzend'

Russ. meaning: светить(ся), смотреть

References: WP I 624 f

Proto-IE: *ghlend(h)-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: nit

Baltic: *glin̂d-ā̂ (1), *glin̂d-iā̃ f.

Latin: lēns, gen. lendis f. (/m.) `Nisse'

Russ. meaning: насекомое (гнида)

References: WP I 461

Proto-IE: *ghlew-

Meaning: to joke, to enjoy

Old Greek: khléu̯ǟ f. `Scherz, Spott, Hohn'

Slavic: *glūmъ, *glūmītī

Baltic: *glaûd-a- c., *glaûd-ā̂ f.

Germanic: *gliw-a- n.; *glau-m-a- m., *glu-m-a- m., *glu-m-ja- m.

Russ. meaning: шутить, веселиться

References: WP I 660 f

Proto-IE: *g(')hlēy-

Meaning: to shine, to be clear, pleasant

Old Greek: khlī́ō `schwelgen, sich übermütig gebärden', khliá(i̯)nō, kliázdō `erwärmen, erweichen', khliǟ́ (~ -ī-) f. `Wärme'; khliaró-, khlieró- `warm, lau'; khlidǟ́ f. `Weichlichkeit, Üppigkeit, Luxus', khlídos n. `(üppiger) Schmack'

Baltic: *ǯlēj-ā̂ f.

Germanic: *glij-ē- vb.; *glī-m=, *glai-m=, *gli-m=; *glī-t=, *gli-t=, *glī-n=, *glai-m=

Celtic: *glij- > Ir glē `glänzend, klar'; Cymr gloew `glänzend, klar'; gledd `grüner Rasen'

Russ. meaning: светиться, быть ясным, приятным

References: WP I 624

Proto-IE: *g(h)nAit-

Meaning: embers, spark

Slavic: *gnētītī

Baltic: *knait-t-i- c.

Germanic: *gnaist=, *gnist=, *sknaist=

Russ. meaning: уголья, искра

References: WP I 2 f

Proto-IE: *ghney-

Meaning: to rot

Old Greek: *khníō ~ -ī́-: khníei = psakázei, thrǘptei Hsch.

Slavic: *gnī́tī, *gnī̀jǭ; *gnòjь

Russ. meaning: гнить (?)

References: WP I 584 f

Proto-IE: *ghnēgh-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to gnaw

Tokharian: B nāsk- ( < *gnāg-sk-) 'eat, gnaw' (Adams 334)

Avestan: aiwi-ɣnixta `angenagt, angefressen'

Baltic: *gnē̂g-ā̂ (1) c.

Germanic: *knag-a- vb., *gnag-a- vb., *gnag-ō- vb.

Russ. meaning: глодать

References: WP I 584 f

Proto-IE: *ghogh-

Meaning: bend, curve

Tokharian: A kāts, B kātso `Bauch' ?

Armenian: gog `Höhlung, Bauschung, Schoss, Busen des Menschen; Bauch, Mutterleib etc.', gog `hohl, konkav', gogac `kólpōma', gogem `aushöhlen', ggvem `umarmen, hegen, pfletzen'

Baltic: *gā̃g-a- c.

Germanic: *gag-a- adj., *gag-a- m., *gag-ō- vb., *gēg-ia- vb., etc.

Russ. meaning: изгиб

References: WP I 570 (differently in Pok.)

Proto-IE: *ghom-

Meaning: hut, dug-out, cattle-shed

Armenian: gom `Schafstall'

Germanic: *gamm-an- m., etc.

Russ. meaning: шалаш, землянка, хлев

References: WP I 637

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