Altaic etymology : Query result

Proto-Altaic: *lā̀mò ( ~ -a)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: sea, wave

Russian meaning: море, волна

Mongolian: *namug

Tungus-Manchu: *lāmu

Japanese: *nàmì

Comments: ОСНЯ 2, 30, Murayama 1962, 109 (Jpn.-TM). Cf. also Koguryo *nuami 'pond, sea', see Lee 38, Menges 1984, 280-281.

Proto-Altaic: *ĺā̀p`o ( ~ -i)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: string, strap

Russian meaning: веревка, ремешок

Mongolian: *deɣe-sü

Tungus-Manchu: *lāpV-ki

Comments: A Mong.-Tung. isogloss. Cf. *labV̀. Cf. perhaps Karakh. (MK) jabtač 'cloth, handkerchief' (merged with *jap- 'to cover').

Proto-Altaic: *ĺā́p`V

Meaning: bifurcated pole

Russian meaning: раздвоенная жердь

Turkic: *jāpa(k)

Mongolian: *daɣaga(n)

Tungus-Manchu: *lap-

Comments: A Western isogloss.

Proto-Altaic: *lā́ŕgu

Meaning: sloppy job

Russian meaning: разгильдяйство, небрежность

Turkic: *jạ̄ŕ-

Mongolian: *nargi-

Tungus-Manchu: *largī

Korean: *nòrắs

Japanese: *núká-r-

Comments: Cf. also Mong. nerme 'to make worse'. Reason for closed *-ạ̄- in Turkic is not quite clear.

Proto-Altaic: *lā̀t`á ( ~ ĺ-)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: wave, storm

Russian meaning: волна, шторм

Tungus-Manchu: *lāta

Japanese: *nàntá

Comments: A Tung.-Jpn. isogloss.

Proto-Altaic: *lebV ( ~ -p-)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to eat greedily

Russian meaning: жадно есть

Mongolian: *labsi-

Tungus-Manchu: *lebge-

Comments: A Mong.-Tung. expressive isogloss. In PTM cf. also *labada- 'to grasp with teeth', *lupku- 'to suck'.

Proto-Altaic: *lèjk`á

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to intend, demand

Russian meaning: намереваться, требовать

Mongolian: *neke-

Tungus-Manchu: *leKe-

Korean: *njǝ̀kí- / *nǝ̀ikí-

Japanese: *niànkà-p-

Comments: KW 274, EAS 76, Poppe 39, 56, АПиПЯЯ 78. Korean has a "verbal" low tone. The medial cluster with *-j- is in this case responsible for some peculiar reflexes: diphthongs both in Jpn. and Kor. and the palatalized initial reflexes (*ĺ-?) in TM languages. Despite Doerfer MT 51, TM cannot be borrowed from Mong, and - despite Rozycki 150 - Mong. cannot be borrowed from TM. Doerfer (TMN 1, 531) argues fervently against the Mong.-Kor. comparison ("Ramstedt verstößt hier gegen seine eigenen Prinzipien. Man kann das kor. Wort [nǝgi-, njǝgi- in Ramstedt's transcription] natürlich nicht mit dem mo. vergleichen, wenn man (cf. RAM 85!) ursprachlich -k- = mo. -k- = kor. -k-,-kh- ansetzt."), evidently unaware that modern Kor. -g- is a phonetic variant of -k- in intervocalic position.

Proto-Altaic: *ĺekleKV

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: a k. of aquatic bird

Russian meaning: вид водоплавающей птицы

Turkic: *[j]eglek

Mongolian: *deglej

Tungus-Manchu: *leg(l)ek-

Comments: A Western isogloss; no doubt, onomatopoeic in origin, but interlanguage loans seem to be excluded in this case.

Proto-Altaic: *lélugV

Meaning: kerchief, pendant

Russian meaning: платок, подвеска

Turkic: *jaglɨk

Mongolian: *nolga

Tungus-Manchu: *lelu(ke)

Korean: *nòríkái

Comments: In Kor. the word also means 'plaything', and is usually derived < nōr- 'to play'; external evidence shows that the derivation is rather opposite ('to play' < 'to fondle with a pendant').

Proto-Altaic: *ĺèmo

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to be lazy, negligent

Russian meaning: быть ленивым, небрежным

Mongolian: *dömü-

Tungus-Manchu: *lemūk-

Japanese: *nàmàka-

Comments: The TM and Jpn. forms point to a common derivative *ĺèmo-kV (-k`V).

Proto-Altaic: *lemV

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: meat, fat (of animals)

Russian meaning: мясо, жир (животный)

Turkic: *jạm-

Mongolian: *lami-

Tungus-Manchu: *lemuk

Comments: A Western isogloss. {Turk. *jạmɨŕ should be perhaps rather compared with Mong. sami 'groin' < PA *zamU.}

Proto-Altaic: *leńa

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to incline, sway, shake

Russian meaning: наклоняться, раскачиваться

Turkic: *jAń-ka-

Mongolian: *naji-(gu)-

Tungus-Manchu: *leŋgī-

Comments: EAS 75, Владимирцов 369, ОСНЯ 3, 58-60. A Western isogloss. Borrowing in Mong. from Turk. is quite improbable, despite Щербак 1997, 121.

Proto-Altaic: *ĺeŋgV

Meaning: a k. of predator

Russian meaning: вид хищника

Mongolian: *ǯiŋger

Tungus-Manchu: *leŋgur

Comments: A Mong.-Tung. isogloss. Cf. also *lúŋa.

Proto-Altaic: *lépù(-nV) ( ~ -b-)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: swamp

Russian meaning: болото

Mongolian: *labku, *lobku

Tungus-Manchu: *lebē(n)-

Korean: *nɨp(h)

Japanese: *númà

Comments: Martin 236, Whitman 1985, 25, ТМС 1, 514. Jpn. *númà < *núbà-n, with normal regressive dissimilation.

Proto-Altaic: *ĺep`a ( ~ -o, -u)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: feather, down, wool

Russian meaning: перо, пух

Turkic: *jAp

Mongolian: *daɣaki

Tungus-Manchu: *lepu-

Comments: Владимирцов 208. A Western isogloss. Possibly derived is the Turk.-Mong. name for "foal" ( < "down, hair fading"): Turk. *japak (ЭСТЯ 4, 159-160), Mong. daɣagan ( > Evk. daɣakan etc., see Doerfer MT 99), see KW 81, Poppe 47.

Proto-Altaic: *lép`ó ( ~ *ĺ-)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to rise, high

Russian meaning: подниматься, высокий

Tungus-Manchu: *lep- / *lupu-

Korean: *nòph-

Japanese: *nǝ́mpǝ́r-

Comments: Martin 1996, 98. An Eastern isogloss.

Proto-Altaic: *ĺḕgì

Meaning: to hate, abhor

Russian meaning: ненавидеть, чувствовать отвращение

Turkic: *jigren- ( ~ -e-)

Mongolian: *ǯig-

Tungus-Manchu: *lēgī-

Japanese: *nìkù-

Comments: Ozawa 270-272, ЭСТЯ 4, 200-201. Cf. *ĺā̀k`e.

Proto-Altaic: *lḕja

Meaning: to go out, break forth

Russian meaning: выходить, вырываться

Mongolian: *niɣe-

Tungus-Manchu: *lēj- (*lī-)

Korean: *ná-

Japanese: *nà-r- / *nà-s-

Comments: EAS 76, KW 276, Владимирцов 212, Poppe 39, Rozycki 162 (Mong.-Tung.), Martin 225-226. In MKor. cf. also nath- 'to become, appear' - a derivative?

Proto-Altaic: *ĺḗlV

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to run, ride, hurry

Russian meaning: бежать, скакать, спешить

Turkic: *jēl-

Mongolian: *ǯilu-

Tungus-Manchu: *lelu-

Comments: A Western isogloss.

Proto-Altaic: *lēmo

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: fresh, raw; vegetables

Russian meaning: свежий, сырой; овощи

Turkic: *jẹ̄miĺč

Mongolian: *lamaɣa

Korean: *nằmằrh

Japanese: *nàmâ

Comments: Martin 232 (Kor.-Jpn.). The Turkic word is traditionally analysed as 'food' ( < *jē- 'eat' < PA *ǯē q. v.), but this may well be a reinterpretation.