| ▴ Proto-Turkic | ▴ Altaic etymology | ▴ Meaning | ▴ Russian meaning | ▴ Old Turkic | ▴ Karakhanid | ▴ Turkish | ▴ Tatar | ▴ Middle Turkic | ▴ Uzbek | ▴ Uighur | ▴ Sary-Yughur | ▴ Azerbaidzhan | ▴ Turkmen | ▴ Khakassian | ▴ Shor | ▴ Oyrat | ▴ Halaj | ▴ Chuvash | ▴ Yakut | ▴ Dolgan | ▴ Tuva | ▴ Tofalar | ▴ Kirghiz | ▴ Kazakh | ▴ Noghai | ▴ Bashkir | ▴ Balkar | ▴ Gagauz | ▴ Karaim | ▴ Karakalpak | ▴ Salar | ▴ Kumyk | ▴ Comments |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kamyc? | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"scoop, ladle | face="Times New Roman Star"÷åðïàê | face="Times New Roman Star"qamyc? (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qamyc? (MK) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qamyc? (IM) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qemic? |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xamys |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"(Bulg.) xumz?|a (< *kamc?a(h)) | face="Times New Roman Star"xamyas, xomuos | face="Times New Roman Star"komuos | face="Times New Roman Star"xymys? |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 626, VEWT 229, ÝÑÒß 5, 248-249, Stachowski 152. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*KAmug | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"all, together | face="Times New Roman Star"âñå, âìåñòå | face="Times New Roman Star"qamug| (OUygh.), qamag| (Orkh., OUygh.), qamyg| (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qamug| (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"kamu |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qamug| (Qutb., Áóä.), qamuq (Abush.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xamyx | face="Times New Roman Star"qamyq | face="Times New Roman Star"qamyq |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xamyq |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 627, ÝÑÒß 5, 243-244. Modern forms like Kirgh., Kaz. qama- 'to surround, besiege', qamala- id., 'to gather in a crowd' etc. (see ÝÑÒß 5, 159) should be rather regarded as mongolisms. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kamyl/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"reed | face="Times New Roman Star"òðîñòíèê | face="Times New Roman Star"qamus?, qamys? (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qamys? (MK, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"kamys? | face="Times New Roman Star"qamys? | face="Times New Roman Star"qamys? (Qutb, MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"qe|mis? | face="Times New Roman Star"qomus? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Gamys? | face="Times New Roman Star"Gamys? | face="Times New Roman Star"xamys |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qamys? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xúw|múw|l 'stalk of cereals' | face="Times New Roman Star"xamys, xomus |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qamys? | face="Times New Roman Star"qamys | face="Times New Roman Star"qamys | face="Times New Roman Star"qamys? | face="Times New Roman Star"qamis? |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qamys |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qamus? | face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 249-250, TMN 3, 517. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kia:n | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"blood | face="Times New Roman Star"êðîâü | face="Times New Roman Star"qan (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qan (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"kan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan (MA, Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|n | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"Gan | face="Times New Roman Star"Ga:n | face="Times New Roman Star"xan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qa:n | face="Times New Roman Star"jon | face="Times New Roman Star"xa:n | face="Times New Roman Star"ka:n | face="Times New Roman Star"xan | face="Times New Roman Star"xan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"Ga(:)n | face="Times New Roman Star"qan | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 230, TMN 3, 360-361, EDT 629-630, ÝÑÒß 5, 251, Åãîðîâ 349, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 486, Stachowski 142. Turk. > WMong. qana- 'to let bleed' (KW 166, TMN 3, 361, Ùåðáàê 1997, 133). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka:n- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to be satisfied | face="Times New Roman Star"áûòü óäîâëåòâîðåííûì | face="Times New Roman Star"qan- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qan- (MK, KB, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"kan- | face="Times New Roman Star"qan- | face="Times New Roman Star"(OKypch.) qan- (AH) | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|n- | face="Times New Roman Star"qan- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Gan- | face="Times New Roman Star"Ga:n- | face="Times New Roman Star"xan- | face="Times New Roman Star"qan- | face="Times New Roman Star"qan- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xan- | face="Times New Roman Star"kan- | face="Times New Roman Star"xan- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qan- | face="Times New Roman Star"qan- | face="Times New Roman Star"qan- | face="Times New Roman Star"qan- | face="Times New Roman Star"qan- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qan- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qan- | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 632, VEWT 230, ÝÑÒß 5, 251-252, Stachowski 136. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka:jnat | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 wing 2 fin | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êðûëî 2 ïëàâíèê | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat (OUygh.- YB) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat (MK, KB) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kanat 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat (Abush., MA) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qano|t 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qejnat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"Ganad, ga"na"d (dial.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"Ga:nat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"xanat 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1, 2, qanar 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"s/onat 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kynat, kyj yat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kynat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"xanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat (Kakuk,ÑÑß) | face="Times New Roman Star"qanat 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 230, TMN 3, 518, EDT 635, ÝÑÒß 5, 252-253, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 137, Ëåêñèêà 149-150, Stachowski 168. Initial s/- in Chuv. is unclear (effect of *-j-?). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*KAn|-c?yk | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 bitch 2 female | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñóêà 2 ñàìêà | face="Times New Roman Star"qanc?yq (OUygh.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanc?yq (MK) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kanz?|yk 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qanc?yq (Pav. C., Houts., Qutb.), qanc?uq (AH) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qe|nz?|iq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanc?uq, qanz?|iq (dial.) 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Ganz?|yG 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"Ganz?|yq 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qanc?yq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qans?yq, qan|s?y 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qanz?|yq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qansyq, qansaj 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qans?yq 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qanc?yq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 230, ÝÑÒß 5, 255-256, Ëåêñèêà 190. The original *-n|- is probably preserved in Kaz. qan|s?y. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*K(i)an| | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"father | face="Times New Roman Star"îòåö | face="Times New Roman Star"qan| (Orkh., Yeniss., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qan|das? 'half-brother, son of the same father and a different mother' (MK), qan|syq ata 'step-father' (MK) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 232, EDT 630, 635, 640, ÝÑÒß 5, 258. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*K(i)an| | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 vehicle, cart 2 skis, sleigh | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîâîçêà 2 ëûæè, ñàíè | face="Times New Roman Star"qan|ly (OUygh.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qan|ly (MK) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kag|ny, dial. kanny, kangylly 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qan|ly (Sangl., Houts., AH) 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xan|a: 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qan|na 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xa:k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qan|ha 2 (ÔèË 91) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"g|an|ly 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"TMN 3, 531, EDT 638, ÝÑÒß 5, 259-260, Ëåêñèêà 533. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kap- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to snatch, take 2 to bite | face="Times New Roman Star"1 áðàòü, õâàòàòü 2 êóñàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"qap- (Orkh., OUygh.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap- (MK, KB) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kap- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap- (AH, IM, Pav. C., Qutb) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|p- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap- 1,2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Gap- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"Gap- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"xap- 1,2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qap- 1,2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xyp- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"xap- 1,2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qa'p- 'to grab with one's mouth; bite (of fish)' | face="Times New Roman Star"qap- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qab- 1,2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap- 1,2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qap- 1,2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 233, EDT 580, ÝÑÒß 5, 264-265, TMN 3, 373-374. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kap- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 cover (n.) 2 gate, door 3 to close | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êðûøêà 2 âîðîòà, äâåðü 3 çàêðûâàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"qapag|, qapyg| (Orkh., OUygh.) 2, qapg|y (Orkh.) 2, qapaq (OUygh.) 1, qap- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qapug| (MK, KB), qapg|aq (MK) 1, qapug| (MK) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kapak 1, kapy 2, kapa- 3, kap- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"dial. qapqaq 1, qapqa 2, qapla- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qabag| (Qutb.) 1, qapu (Houts., Pav. C.) 2, qabug| (Qutb.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|pe|qo|q 1, qo|pqe| 2, qo|ple|- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qap(q)aq 1, dial. qobug| 2, qapla- 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"GapaG 1, Gapy 2, Gapa- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"Gapaq 1, Gapy 2, dial. Gap- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"xaxpax 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaqpaq 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xobú 1, xop(la)- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"xappax 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kappakta:- 'to cover' | face="Times New Roman Star"qaqpaq 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qapqaq 1, qapqa 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaqpaq 1, qapy 2, qaqpa 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qapaq 1, qapy 2, qap(l)a- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qapqa 2, qapla- 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qabaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaqpaq 1, qapy 2, qaqpa 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qa:vu 2 (ÑÑß) | face="Times New Roman Star"qapu 2, qabaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 203, TMN 3, 369, ÝÑÒß 5, 160, 263-264, 274-275, Ëåêñèêà 510, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 358-359, Stachowski 138 (there is also a variant *Ka:p- - due to merger with another root *Ka:p-, v. sub *k[a:]p`a/; the meaning 'cover' here is probably secondary). Turk. > Mong. qabqag| 'cover' (whence Evk. kapkak, see Doerfer MT 125), qabqa 'gate', see TMN 3, 371, 415, Hung. kapu 'gate', see Gombocz 1912. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*KAky- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to be angry | face="Times New Roman Star"ñåðäèòüñÿ | face="Times New Roman Star"qaqy- (OUygh.), qaqy-g| 'anger' | face="Times New Roman Star"qaqy-, qaqu- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"kaky- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qaqy- (AH, Qutb., Pav. C.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qaqy- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qaq- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qaqy- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 223, ÝÑÒß 5, 223-224. Turk. > WMong. qaki-, Kalm. x|a"k@- (KW 176). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kar | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 arm 2 forearm 3 shin-bone of animal 4 various measures of length | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ðóêà (âåðõíÿÿ ÷àñòü) 2 ïðåäïëå÷üå 3 ãîëåííàÿ êîñòü æèâîòíîãî 4 ðàçëè÷íûå ìåðû äëèíû | face="Times New Roman Star"qar 1, qary 2 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qary (MK) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"karu-z?|a 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qary 1, qara 4 (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qar 1 (Vam.), qary 1 (Abush.), 2 (Houts.), 4 (in all sources) | face="Times New Roman Star"qari 1,4, qara 3 (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qeri 4, qaja 3 (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qar 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"gari 3 (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"Gary 3,4 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qary 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qary 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qary 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"xor 2, 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"xary, xara 2, 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qyry 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyry 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qar 1, qary 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qar 2, qary 2, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qary 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"qar 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qary 4 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qar 2, qary 2, 4 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"TMN 3, 461-2, ÝÑÒß 5, 278-283, Äûáî 160-164, Äûáî 1989, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 361, Ëåêñèêà 246-247. The usage of *Kary as a measure ('cubit') may seem natural, but in fact reflects a merger with a different root, see under *K(i)aryl/. Turk. > Hung. kar 'arm', see Ligeti 1933, MNyTESz 2, 369. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kia:r | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"snow | face="Times New Roman Star"ñíåã | face="Times New Roman Star"qar (Orkh., Yenis., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qar (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"kar | face="Times New Roman Star"qar | face="Times New Roman Star"qar (Sangl., Qutb., Houts.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|r | face="Times New Roman Star"qar, qaa |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Gar | face="Times New Roman Star"Ga:r | face="Times New Roman Star"xar | face="Times New Roman Star"qar | face="Times New Roman Star"qar |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jor | face="Times New Roman Star"xa:r | face="Times New Roman Star"ka:r | face="Times New Roman Star"xar | face="Times New Roman Star"xar | face="Times New Roman Star"qar | face="Times New Roman Star"qar | face="Times New Roman Star"qar | face="Times New Roman Star"qar | face="Times New Roman Star"qar | face="Times New Roman Star"qa:r |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qar |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qar | face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 284-285, EDT 641, VEWT 235, Åãîðîâ 350, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 490, Ëåêñèêà 27, Stachowski 142. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kara | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"black | face="Times New Roman Star"÷åðíûé | face="Times New Roman Star"qara (Orkh., Yen., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qara (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"kara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara (MA, IM, Pav. C., AH, Áîð. Áàä.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|re| | face="Times New Roman Star"qara, dial. qare | face="Times New Roman Star"Gara | face="Times New Roman Star"Gara | face="Times New Roman Star"Gara | face="Times New Roman Star"xara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara | face="Times New Roman Star"xora | face="Times New Roman Star"xara | face="Times New Roman Star"kara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara | face="Times New Roman Star"Gara | face="Times New Roman Star"qara | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 235, TMN 3, 426-432, EDT 643-4, ÝÑÒß 5, 286-289, 299-100, Ëåêñèêà 592-593, Stachowski 138, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 362. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Karak | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 eye-ball 2 eye 3 a gentle address ("my dear") | face="Times New Roman Star"1 çðà÷îê 2 ãëàç 3 ëàñêîâîå îáðàùåíèå | face="Times New Roman Star"qaraq 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qaraq 2 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z karasy 1, Osm. (XV) qaraq 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qaraq (Pav. C., Áîð. Áàä., Sangl.) 1, (Abush.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qo|re|c?iq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qar(i)c?uq 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"go"z Garasy 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"Garaq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"xarax 2, dial. xarac?y 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaraq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaraq 1, 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kos/ xori 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"xarax 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"karak 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaraq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaraq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaraq 3, dial. qareq 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaraq 3, qaras?yq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qaras?yq 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qaraq 3, qaras?yq 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 235-236, TMN 3, 434-436, EDT 652, ÝÑÒß 5, 295-296, Àøì. VII, 36, Ëåêñèêà 210, Stachowski 138. Deriving *Karak from *Kara 'black' (see also TMN 1, 401) is highly dubious both for semantic and morphological reasons; forms like Tur. go"z karasy result from secondary reanalysis. Cf. also the forms *Kara-la- 'to stare' (Az. qarala-, Uygh. qarala-, see ÝÑÒß 5, 289), *Karaj- 'to watch, preserve' (Yak. xaraj-, Dolg. karaj-; Yak. xarys 'care, wariness', Dolg. karysta:- 'to care, beware', see Stachowski 138, 140) - which, in contrast to qara- 'look' ( < Mong.) are unlikely to be borrowed. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*KArga | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"crow | face="Times New Roman Star"âîðîíà | face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"karg|a | face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a | face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a (Houts., AH, IM, Qutb., Pav. C.), qarqa (MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"qe|rg|e| | face="Times New Roman Star"qa(r)g|a |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Garg|a | face="Times New Roman Star"GarGa | face="Times New Roman Star"xarg|a | face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a | face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qa:rg|an | face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|an | face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a | face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a | face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a | face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a | face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a, g|arg|a |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 237, TMN 3, 384, ÝÑÒß 5, 303-304, Ëåêñèêà 171. Turk. > Mong. qarg|a (Ùåðáàê 1997, 134). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka.rga- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to swear, curse | face="Times New Roman Star"ðóãàòü, ïðîêëèíàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|an- (recipr.) (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a-, qyrg|a- (MK, KB) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a- | face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a- (Qutb, Abush.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qe|rg|e|- | face="Times New Roman Star"qa(r)g|a- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"GarGa- | face="Times New Roman Star"xarg|a- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xúrrún (Adv.) 'angrily' | face="Times New Roman Star"kyra:- | face="Times New Roman Star"kyra:- | face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a- | face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a- | face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a- | face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a- | face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a- | face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qarg|a- | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 655, VEWT 237, ÝÑÒß 5, 304-305, Stachowski 169. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka.ry | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 old 2 old woman or man 3 to become old | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñòàðûé 2 ñòàðóõà, ñòàðèê 3 ñòàðåòü | face="Times New Roman Star"qary 1, qary- 3 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"qary (MK, KB) 1, qary- (MK, KB) 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"kary, kart 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qary, qart 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qary (MA, Abush.) 1, qary- (MA, Abush.) 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qari 1, qari- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qeri 1,2, qeri- 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Gary, Gart 2,1 | face="Times New Roman Star"Garry 1, Garra- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"kir@ 1, kir@- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qary 1, qary- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qary 1, qary- 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kyryj- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"kyryj- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyry- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qyry- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qary, qart 1, qary- 3, qart 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"qary ? qe|ri, qart 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qart 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qary, qart 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qary 1,2 (also 'woman') |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qary, g|arry 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qart 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 644, TMN 3, 440, ÝÑÒß 5, 311-312, 314-316, Ëåêñèêà 84-85, Stachowski 169, 170. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*KAr- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to overflow 2 moat, ditch | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïåðåëèâàòüñÿ ÷åðåç êðàé 2 êàíàâà | face="Times New Roman Star"qarym ? qaram (OUygh.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qar- (MK) 1, qarym (KB) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kar- (of water) 'to pile up behind an obstacle', dial. karym 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"qar- (IM) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"qa:rym (dial.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qerim 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Garym 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"Garym 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xaral | face="Times New Roman Star"qaranty 'thawed spot' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xara:lc?a 'ice-hole' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qarym 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 643, ÝÑÒß 5, 320. |
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