Traill 1994: 106. Polysemy: 'to dry / to stiffen'. Used both as a transitive and intransitive verb. The semantic difference between ǀǀúaˤ and ǀʼòː is unclear and cannot be understood from the examples in the dictionary; for the moment, both forms have to be treated as synonymous.
Traill 1994: 147. The first variant is the possessed form; the second variant is the alienated form. Plural form: ɳǂũ̀ãʰ-tê / ɳǂũ̄ãʰ-te. Class 2; tonal class II (possess.) or class 3; tonal class I (alien.). Polysemy: 'ear / lobe of the liver / auricle of the heart / notch in a fire stick'.
Bleek 1956: 452, 586, 592. Meaning glossed as 'ground, sand'; cf. another transcription variant as ǀǀxuːm 'sand' [Bleek 1956: 637]. The diversity of transcriptions is quite expectable if the original articulation was ǂxʼ-, as in !Xóõ (palatal click combined with ejective velar affricate release). In [Bleek 1929: 35], the meaning 'earth, dust' is rendered as ɳ!ɔe; this word is confirmed in [Bleek 1956: 480] only in the meaning 'dust'.
Bleek 1956: 441. Meaning glossed as 'ground', but cf. also ɡǂum 'sand, ground' in [Bleek 1956: 649]; despite the difference in click influxes, the two forms most likely attempt to transcribe the same word.
Traill 1994: 197. Variable form: ʔa-V (resulting in multiple contracted phonetic variants: [ʔiː], [ʔeː], [ʔaː], [ʔǝu]). This is the generic term to denote 'eating', quite distinct from more specific terms such as gùm kV 'eat dry food' [Traill 1994: 174], xàbu kV 'eat wet food' [Traill 1994: 188], etc. Quoted as ʔẽ ~ ʔã in [Maingard 1958: 100].
Traill 1994: 100. The first variant is the possessed form; the second variant is the alienated form. Plural form: !ʼũ̂ã-tê ~ !ʼũ̂ã-nî. Class 2; tonal class II (poss.) or class 3; tonal class I (alien.). In [Maingard 1958: 101, 105], a significantly different form is listed: ǀwe ~ kwɛ, pl. ǀwa-te (the second variant may be a print error for ǀwɛ), of unclear origin.
Traill 1994: 184. Polysemy: 'fat (n.) / marrow / fat (adj.)'. Plural form: sã̀ːˤ-tê. Class 2; tonal class II. This is the generic term, distinct from qāʰna 'roll of stomach fat round the navel' [Traill 1994: 178], etc.
Bleek 1956: 27. Quoted as dɔhɛ in [Bleek 1929: 38]. The word is dubious: it is clearly the same as !Xóõ dūʰʔe 'white ostrich plume' [Traill 1994: 158], and it is quite possible that D. Bleek might have glossed it with a more general meaning than the one it actually possessed. Both sources also yield the form ǀʰaː 'long feather' as a partial synonym ([Bleek 1956: 311]; [Bleek 1929: 38]); this word may represent the same Proto-Taa root as 'hair' q.v. and, therefore, be cognate with !Xóõ ɡǀqʰũ̀ã. Unfortunately, there is no way to know for sure.
Bleek 1956: 265, 266. Meaning glossed as 'to fly away'. Quoted as žõ̀ĩ 'to fly', žùː ~ žweː 'to fly away' in [Bleek 1929: 40]. There is little reason to think that the meanings 'to fly' and 'to fly away' were morphologically distinct; rather, the phonetic fluctuations reflect different manners of pronunciation for different speakers, or morphological variants based on agreement with words of different classes.
Nǀuǀǀen:!ari #2
Bleek 1929: 40. Highly dubious, since the form is not confirmed in [Bleek 1956], nor does it have any reliable external parallels.
Traill 1994: 147. The first variant is the possessed form; the second variant is the alienated form. Plural form: ɳǂùma-tê (poss.) / ɳǂūma-tê (alien.). Class 2; tonal class II (poss.) or class 3; tonal class I (alien.). Polysemy: 'foot / spoor / track / hoof of an ungulate'. Distinct from ǂqʰàla 'leg' [Traill 1994: 141]. Quoted as ɳ!ò ~ ɳ!ǝ in [Maingard 1958: 101, 104], with erroneous transcription of the click influx.
Traill 1994: 82. Polysemy: 'be full / euph. for pregnant (dialectal)'. The semantic difference between ǀʼōla and ɡ!ùʰm is not specified; we list both words as technical synonyms.
Traill 1994: 87. Variable form: !qʰa-V. The idea of 'giving' is also frequently conveyed by complex formations that employ the "verb-postposition" ɳǀàː, variable form ɳǀa-V [Traill 1994: 67], e. g. ǀùa ɳǀàː 'to pass to, give to' [Traill 1994: 55], where ǀùa by itself = 'hold, grab, grasp, catch hold of'.
Bleek 1956: 495, 498. Quoted as !xa in [Bleek 1929: 42]. The quasi-synonymous form ǀʼa in [Bleek 1929: 42] is not confirmed in [Bleek 1956], but it may have been the same word as !Xóõ ɳǀa-V, with an erroneous omission of nasalization.
Bleek 1956: 347; Bleek 1929: 42. Cf.: e ǀwa maːka ɳǀi "he did not give tobacco". In [Bleek 1929], a second synonym, ǀwaː, is also quoted, but it is not confirmed in [Bleek 1956] and lacks external cognates.
Traill 1994: 178. Plural form: qáɲa. Meaning is glossed as 'beautiful, pretty, nice' rather than 'good', but there are no other candidates; cf. also such adverbial usage as in ɡǀã́ː té qã́ĩ "work well!" [ibid.]. It is not quite clear if this is the same word as ɡ!ãĩ (Northern dial.) ~ kãĩ 'good' in [Maingard 1958: 100], unless Maingard's transcription of the alveolar click in the Northern dialect somehow reflects uvular articulation or even presages click loss in the dialect described by Traill; it is also possible that Maingard's dialectal forms represent two different roots.
Bleek 1956: 580; Bleek 1929: 43. The latter source also lists !ãŋ in the meaning 'good'; in [Bleek 1956: 407] it is quoted as !kʼãn and glossed as 'pretty'.
Traill 1994: 57. Polysemy: 'green / blue / turquoise'. Cf. ɡǀàiˤʰ-sí, pl. ɡǀàˤʰm-sá ~ ɡǀàˤʰm-sã́-tê 'beetle; dung beetle'. The two words are almost certainly connected; on the synchronic level, the word for 'beetle' is formally derived from the word for 'green', but the process could have also been the opposite from a historical perspective. Quoted as ɡǂaiˤ ~ ɡǂai in [Maingard 1958: 102] (with incorrect identification of the click influx).
Bleek 1956: 654. Quoted as ǂaba in [Bleek 1929: 44]. The latter source also quotes bana as a synonym; the word is not confirmed in [Bleek 1956] and, furthermore, looks quite "un-Taa" due to the initial b- (probably a borrowing).
Bleek 1929: 45. Plural form. Not attested in [Bleek 1956], unless the form ǀunte 'hair' in [Bleek 1956: 326] is actually not SII (ǀǀNg!ke), but SVI (Nǀuǀǀen). Cf. also ǀǀxwaʔa 'hair, (?) white hair' in [Bleek 1956: 368].
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