NUMBER: 8
PROTO: *alka
MEANING: end (front or back), beginning; to begin
GERMMEAN: (vorderes od. hinteres) Ende, Anfang; anfangen, beginnen
FIN: alka- 'anfangen, beginnen', alku 'Anfang, Beginn'
EST: alga- 'anfangen, begründen', alg (gen. alu) 'Anfang'
SAA: aĺge- lg- 'begin to, set to work upon' (N), aĺkē- (L), āilke- (Kld.), ailke- (A) 'anfangen', aĺgo -lg- 'beginning, origin' (N), aĺkō (L), ālk (T), alk (Not. A) 'Anfang' [possibly < Finn.; here perhaps *vōlkē- 'go away'?]
KHN: alǝŋ (V) 'Anfang; Ende', otǝŋ (DN) 'Ende, Endstück', alǝŋ (O) 'vorderes od. hinteres Ende' ( > Mans. ā̊liŋ), ulǝŋt- (V), otǝŋt- (DN), ɔлǝŋt- (Kaz.) 'anfangen, beginnen'
MAN: awǝ.l (TJ), owl (KU), ōl (P), ɔ̄wl (So.) 'Anfang; Ende'
ENC: oðo 'früher, vorher', oðoti (Ch.), orete (B) 'der vorderste, der erste'
SLK: ol (Ta.) 'das Obere, Wipfel', (Ty.) 'Kopf', ōli̮ (Tur.) id., ollэ (Ke.) 'das Obere, Wipfel', olam- (Ta.) 'beginnen', old- (Ke. OO) 'anfangen'
KAM: ulu 'Kopf'
ADD: Koib. ulu 'head'
RESHET: For the meaning of Lapp. *vōlkē- 'to go away' cf. engl. to start 'to begin / to depart'. However, this Lapp. word can be alternatively compared with Finn. valkama 'wharf, harbour' (Lehtiranta 152). The Proto-Lapp. stem represented by such forms as Lul. al'kē- 'anfangen', al'kō 'Anfang', al'ge- 'begin to, set to work upon' etc. is borrowed from Finnic.
LIT: FUV; SKES; DEWO 83; Collinder Comp.Gr. 120
