Семитская этимология : Результат запроса

NUMBER: 2228

PROTO: *ṭiḥāl- ~ *ṭu/alḥīm-

PRNUM: PRNUM

MEANING: spleen

аккадский: ṭulīmu, tulīmu OB, SB [AHw 1394]

еврейский (иврит): PB ṭǝḥōl [Ja 528]

иудейский арамейский: ṭǝḥōlā, ṭaḥălā [Ja 528].

ṭǝḥōlā may be a Hebraism

сирийский арамейский: ṭǝḥālā [Brock 272]

современные арамейские: MMND ṭahāla 'spleen' [M MND 521]

мандейский арамейский: ṭahala, ṭahaila, ṭihaila, ṭahila [DM 173]

арабский: ṭiḥāl- [BK 2 61]

амхарский: ARG ṭaḥa [LHar 152]

харари: ṭāḥa [ibid.].

On the loss of -l in HAR see [ibid. 5]

восточноэфиопские: SEL ṭār, WOL ṭalä [LGur 616]

гураге: MUH MSQ GOG SOD ṭala, CHA ṭar, ENN END EŽA ṭara, GYE ṭāra [ibid.]

мехри: ṭɛlḥáym [JM 410]

джиббали: ṭɛlḥím [JJ 277].

Cf. ṭɔlḥ 'blood and discharge with an afterbirth, diarrhoea' [ibid.]

харсуси: ṭelḥáym [JH 130] (given with a question mark)

сокотри: QALAN-V ṭálḥǝn, ʕELHA ṭálḥem [SSL LS 1477]

NOTES: The *ṭu/alḥīm- variant is metathetic, attested in AKK and MSA only, with the *-Vm.

Note a presumably derived (if not contaminated) verb in ARB ṭḥl 'étre trouble, sale, couleur de la rate; étre gâté et sentir mauvais, et étre remplit de fange qui sent mauvais (se dit d'une eau croupissante)' [BK 2 61] and what looks a strikingly similar semantic development (from *ṭu/alḥīm- 'spleen') in ARB ṭulḥūm- 'aqua corrupta et foetens' [Fraytag III 63] (cf. also a variant root ṭalh_- 'eau fangeuse, rempli de vermine et qui n'est pas potable' [BK 2 95]) and TGR ṭǝlḥam 'disease of cattle (poisoning caused by grass or by water on the place of a fire or a forest)' [LH 607]. This parallelism, however, is problematic not only because *ṭu/alḥīm- 'spleen' is retained neither in ARB nor in TGR, but also because the very meaning shift 'spleen' > 'putrid water' is not easy to explain.

[Brock 272]: SYR, JUD, HBR PB, ARB; [AHw 1394]: HBR PB, JUD, ARB; [LGur 616]: GUR, ARB