Proto-Turkic: *K(i)aĺ-
Meaning: 1 lazy, vile (in addressing a slave) 2 lazy, stubborn
Russian meaning: 1 ленивый, негодный (обращение к рабу) 2 ленивый, упрямый
Karakhanid: qašaŋ (MK) 1
Middle Turkic: qašaŋ (Pav. C.)
Uzbek: qaššaŋ 'poor, beggar'
Uighur: qaššaq 1, 2, qašaŋ 2
Oyrat: qažaŋ 2
Chuvash: xъli 'невзрачный, плохонький', xъlin 'хитрец, упрямец, лодырь, лентяй'
Kirghiz: qašaŋ 2
Bashkir: dial. qaššaq 1, 2, dial. qašan 2
Karakalpak: qasaŋ 2
Comments: EDT 673, ЭСТЯ 5, 348-350. Turk. > WMong. qašaŋ 'slow, lazy' (Clark 1980, 42); some of the modern Turkic forms may be borrowed back from Mong. (as certainly is Chuv. xažan).
