Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *jarɨ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 leather 2 pellicle

Russian meaning: 1 кожа 2 кожица

Tatar: jarɨ 2

Middle Turkic: jarɨ (AH) 1

Turkmen: jarɨ 1

Shor: čarɨɣ 1

Oyrat: jarū 1

Yakut: sarɨ̄ 1, 2

Dolgan: harɨ̄ 2

Bashkir: jarɨ 2

Kumyk: jari 2

Comments: ЭСТЯ 4, 146; Лексика 384, Stachowski 98.

Proto-Turkic: *jạr-ɨn

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 morning 2 tomorrow 3 next year

Russian meaning: 1 утро 2 завтра 3 следующий год

Old Turkic: jarɨn 1 (Orkh.)

Karakhanid: jarɨn 2 (MK)

Turkish: jarɨn 2

Middle Turkic: jarɨn 1, 2 (Ettuhf.)

Uzbek: jarɨn 3 (dial.)

Sary-Yughur: jarɨn 3

Chuvash: ɨran 2

Yakut: sarsɨn 1

Dolgan: harsɨn 1

Bashkir: jarɨn 3 (dial.)

Gagauz: jārɨn 1, 2

Karakalpak: žarɨn 3

Comments: EDT 970, VEWT 190, ЭСТЯ 4, 147-148, Егоров 343, Лексика 80, Stachowski 97. Räsänen derives the stem from *jar- 'to shine, glitter', but this is dubious both for phonetic reasons (OT has jaru- 'to shine', but jarɨn 'morning') and because of external evidence.

Proto-Turkic: *jarɨn

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: shoulder, shoulderblade

Russian meaning: плечо, лопатка

Old Turkic: jarɨn (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jarɨn (MK)

Sary-Yughur: jarɨn

Khakassian: čarɨn

Shor: čarɨn

Oyrat: jarɨn, d́arɨn

Chuvash: śorъm

Yakut: sarɨn

Dolgan: sarɨn, sannɨ

Tuva: čarɨn

Comments: EDT 970, ЭСТЯ 4, 66, Лексика 242, Дыбо 139-141, Федотов 2, 142, Stachowski 209. Forms going back to *jagrɨn are due to a merger with *jagɨr (v. sub *dagV).

Proto-Turkic: *jạŕ-, *jạŕɨ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 flat 2 steppe, flat ground 3 to spread, spread out, flatten folds

Russian meaning: 1 плоский 2 степь, плоская почва 3 расстилать, расправлять складки

Old Turkic: jaz- 3 (OUygh.) jazɨ 1,2 (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jaz- 3 (MK, KB), jazɨ 2 (MK)

Turkish: jazɨ 2

Tatar: jaz- 3

Middle Turkic: jaz- 3 (Pav. C.), jazɨ 2 (Ettuhf., AH)

Uzbek: jɔz- 3

Uighur: jaz- 3, jazi, jezi 2 (dial.)

Sary-Yughur: jaz- 3

Azerbaidzhan: jazɨ 2 (dial.)

Turkmen: jaz- 3, jazɨ 2

Khakassian: čazɨ 2

Oyrat: jas-, d́as- 3, jazɨ, d́azɨ 1, 2

Yakut: sɨhɨ̄ 2

Tuva: čas- 3

Kirghiz: ǯaz- 3, ǯazɨ 1, 2

Kazakh: žaz- 3, žazɨ 2 (dial.)

Noghai: jaz- 3, jazɨ 2 (dial.)

Bashkir: jaδ- 3

Gagauz: jaz- 3

Karakalpak: žaz- 3

Kumyk: jaz- 3

Comments: VEWT 194, EDT 983, 984, ЭСТЯ 4, 69-70, 73, Лексика 97.

Proto-Turkic: *jarkak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: skin (tanned, without hair)

Russian meaning: шкура (дубленая, без волос)

Tatar: jarɣaq

Middle Turkic: jarɣaq (Pav. C., Abush.)

Uzbek: ǯɔrɣaq (dial.)

Uighur: ja(r)ɣaq

Turkmen: jarɣaq

Oyrat: jarɣaq, d́arɣaq

Chuvash: śorɣax 'film, membrane'

Tuva: čarɣaš 'hairless (skin); placenta'

Kirghiz: ǯarɣaq

Kazakh: žarɣaq

Noghai: jarɣaq

Bashkir: jarɣaq

Karakalpak: žarɣaq

Kumyk: jarɣaq (dial.)

Comments: VEWT 190, ЭСТЯ 4, 141-142, Лексика 385, Ашм. XII, 277-278, Федотов 2, 145-146. Turk. > WMong. ǯarɣaɣ, Kalm. zarɣǝg (KW 467).

Proto-Turkic: *jAr-man-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to climb up

Russian meaning: залезать

Old Turkic: jarma-, jarman- (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jarman- (MK)

Tatar: jarpa- 'to put on airs'

Middle Turkic: jarman- (Sangl.)

Turkmen: jarmaš-

Khakassian: čarban-

Shor: čarban-

Oyrat: jarman- (Верб.)

Halaj: jarmalaq 'seesaw for children'

Kirghiz: jarmaš-

Kazakh: žarmas- 'to cling to'

Karakalpak: žarmas- 'to cling to'

Comments: VEWT 190, EDT 969.

Proto-Turkic: *jạŕtuk / *jạtŕuk

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 pillow 2 to prop on a pillow

Russian meaning: 1 подушка 2 опирать(ся) на подушку

Old Turkic: jastuq 'pillow-shaped ingot of silver' (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jastuq 1, jasta- 2

Turkish: jastɨk 1, jasta- 2

Tatar: jastɨq 1

Middle Turkic: jastuq 1 (AH)

Uzbek: jɔstiq 1

Uighur: jastuq 1

Sary-Yughur: jastɨq 1

Azerbaidzhan: jassɨx (dial.) 1

Turkmen: jassɨq 1

Khakassian: častɨx 1, časta- 2

Shor: častɨq 1, časta- 2

Oyrat: jastɨq, d́astɨq 1

Halaj: jastuq 1

Chuvash: śɨdъr 1

Yakut: sɨttɨk 1, sɨtta- 2

Dolgan: hɨttɨk 1

Tuva: sɨrtɨq, sɨstɨq 1

Kirghiz: ǯazdɨq, ǯastɨq 1, ǯazda-, ǯasta- 2

Kazakh: žastɨq 1, žasta- 2

Noghai: jastɨq 1

Bashkir: jaɵtɨq 1

Balkar: ǯastɨq, zastɨq 1

Gagauz: jastɨq 1

Karaim: jastɨq 1

Karakalpak: dastɨq 1, žasta-, dasta- 2

Salar: jastux 1

Kumyk: jastɨq, jastuq 1

Comments: PT *ŕ is indicated by the Chuv. form and probably also (with rotacism) Tuva sɨrtɨk. Other forms for the most part reflect an assimilated *jaz-t- > *jast-. See VEWT 191, ЭСТЯ 4, 154-155, EDT 974, Stachowski 121.

Proto-Turkic: *jAs-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: flat and broad

Russian meaning: широкий и плоский

Karakhanid: jasɨ (MK)

Turkish: jassɨ

Tatar: jassɨ, jastɨ

Middle Turkic: jassɨ (AH, Ettuhf.)

Uzbek: jassi

Azerbaidzhan: jastɨ

Turkmen: jasɨ

Bashkir: jaɵɨ

Balkar: ǯassɨ

Gagauz: jasɨ

Kumyk: jassɨ

Comments: VEWT 191, EDT 973-974, ЭСТЯ 4, 153-154, 155-156 (see there the list of other derivatives of the root *jAs-), Лексика 98.

Proto-Turkic: *jAsa-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to determine, govern 2 to create

Russian meaning: 1 определять, управлять 2 создавать

Turkish: jasa- 1

Tatar: jasa- 1, 2

Middle Turkic: jasa- 1 (Ettuhf., Pav. C., Abush.) 1, 2

Uzbek: jasa- 2

Uighur: jasa- 2

Turkmen: jasa- 2

Khakassian: čaza- 2

Shor: čaza- 2

Oyrat: jaza-, d́aza- 1, 2

Tuva: čaza- 2

Kirghiz: ǯasa- 1, 2

Kazakh: žasa- 2

Noghai: jasa- 2

Bashkir: jaha- 1, 2

Karaim: jasa- 1, 2

Karakalpak: žasa- 2

Salar: jasa- 2

Kumyk: jasa- 2

Comments: VEWT 191, ЭСТЯ 4, 150-152. The verb has been also read in the Kül-Tegin inscription (8th c.), but Clauson (EDT 974) contests the reading. Turk. > Mong. ǯasa- id. (KW 468), whence Evk. ǯasa- etc., see Doerfer MT 61; TMN 4, 92-96, EDT and Щербак 1997, 204, however, regard the Turkic forms as Mongolisms).

Proto-Turkic: *jasɨ-muk

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: lentil

Russian meaning: чечевица

Old Turkic: jasɨmuq (OUygh.)

Turkish: jasmɨk

Tatar: jasmɨq

Middle Turkic: jasmuq (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: jɔsmiq

Uighur: jesimuq

Turkmen: jasmɨq (dial.)

Kirghiz: ǯasɨmɨq (dial.)

Kazakh: žasɨmɨq (dial.)

Bashkir: jaɵmɨq

Salar: jasmux

Comments: EDT 975, VEWT 191, ЭСТЯ 4, 154, Лексика 464-465.

Proto-Turkic: *jạt-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to lie, to sleep

Russian meaning: лежать, спать

Old Turkic: jat- (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jat- (MK)

Turkish: jat-

Tatar: jat-

Middle Turkic: jat- (MA)

Uzbek: jɔt-

Uighur: jat-

Sary-Yughur: jat-

Azerbaidzhan: jat- 1, 2

Turkmen: jat-

Khakassian: čat-

Shor: čat- (R)

Oyrat: d́at-

Halaj: jat-

Yakut: sɨt-

Dolgan: hɨt-

Tuva: čɨ't-

Tofalar: čɨ't-

Kirghiz: ǯat-

Kazakh: žat-

Noghai: jat-

Bashkir: jat-

Balkar: žat-

Gagauz: jat-

Karaim: jat-

Karakalpak: žat-

Salar: jaht-

Kumyk: jat-

Comments: VEWT 192, EDT 884, ЭСТЯ 4, 156-158, Stachowski 120.

Proto-Turkic: *jAt-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: winter rye

Russian meaning: озимая рожь

Khakassian: čadɨɣ 'bush' (Sag.)

Shor: jadɨɣan (Верб.)

Oyrat: d́adaɣan

Tuva: čadaɣ 'low plant'

Comments: VEWT 177.

Proto-Turkic: *jāg

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 fat n., butter 2 lard 3 thick, fat (adj.)

Russian meaning: 1 жир, масло 2 сало 3 толстый, жирный

Old Turkic: jaɣ 1 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jaɣ (MK)

Turkish: jaɣ 1

Middle Turkic: jaɣ 1 (MA)

Uzbek: jɔɣ 1

Uighur: jaɣ 1

Sary-Yughur: jaɣ 1

Azerbaidzhan: jaɣ 1

Turkmen: jāɣ 1

Khakassian: čaɣ 1

Shor: čaɣ 1

Oyrat: d́ū 1

Halaj: jāɣ 1

Chuvash: śu, śъʷv 1

Yakut: sɨa 1

Dolgan: hɨa 1

Tuva: čaɣ 2

Tofalar: čaɣ 2

Kirghiz: ǯoo-n 3

Balkar: žau 1

Gagauz: jā 1

Karaim: jaɣ 1

Salar: jaɣ 1

Kumyk: jav 1

Comments: VEWT 177, EDT 895, ЭСТЯ 4, 58-59, Лексика 453, Федотов 2, 127, Stachowski 117.

Proto-Turkic: *jā(j)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: bow

Russian meaning: лук

Old Turkic: ja (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ja (MK)

Turkish: jaj

Tatar: jɛjɛ, ǯɛjɛ

Middle Turkic: jaj (Ettuhf.), ja (Houts.)

Uzbek: jɔj

Uighur: ja

Sary-Yughur: ja 'arrow'

Azerbaidzhan: jaj

Turkmen: jāj

Khakassian: čā-ǯax

Shor: nan 'bow', jan-čak 'small bow'

Oyrat: d́ā 'arrow'

Chuvash: śu (in ok-śu)

Yakut: sā

Dolgan: hā, sā

Tuva: ča

Tofalar: ča

Kirghiz: ǯaj, ǯā

Kazakh: žaj

Noghai: jaj

Bashkir: jäjä, jan

Balkar: ǯaja

Gagauz: jaj, jajɨ

Karaim: jaj

Karakalpak: žaj

Comments: VEWT 186, EDT 869, TMN 4, 121-122, ЭСТЯ 4, 75, Лексика 570, Федотов 2, 274, Stachowski 99, 209.

Proto-Turkic: *jāj

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 summer 2 summer pasture 3 spring

Russian meaning: 1 лето 2 летнее пастбище 3 весна

Old Turkic: jaj (Orkh., OUygh.) 1, 3

Karakhanid: jaj (MK) 1, 3

Turkish: jaj-la 2

Middle Turkic: jaj 1 (AH, Ettuhf.)

Sary-Yughur: jaj 1

Azerbaidzhan: jaj 1, jajla 2

Turkmen: jāj-la 2

Khakassian: čaj 1

Shor: čaj 1

Oyrat: jaj, d́aj 1

Chuvash: śu, śъv 1

Yakut: saj 1

Dolgan: hajɨn 1

Tuva: čaj 1

Tofalar: čaj 1

Kirghiz: ǯaj 1

Noghai: jaj 3 (dial.)

Bashkir: jej 1

Balkar: ǯaj, žaj, zaj 1

Salar: jij 1

Kumyk: jaj 1

Comments: VEWT 179, ЭСТЯ 4, 74, 78-79, EDT 980, Лексика 74, Федотов 2, 128, Stachowski 93.

Proto-Turkic: *jājɨn

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 sheat-fish 2 salmon

Russian meaning: 1 сом 2 лосось, семга

Turkish: jajɨn 2

Tatar: ǯɛjen 1

Middle Turkic: jajɨn 2 (AH)

Turkmen: jājɨn 1

Chuvash: śojъn, śoin (dial.) 1

Kirghiz: ǯajɨn 1

Kazakh: žajɨn 1

Noghai: jajɨn 1

Bashkir: jäjen 1

Karakalpak: žajɨn 1

Comments: VEWT 179, ЭСТЯ 4, 80-81, Лексика 178, Федотов 2, 129.

Proto-Turkic: *jāk

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: side

Russian meaning: сторона

Tatar: jaq, ǯaq

Middle Turkic: jaq (R), jaq (LOQ)

Uzbek: jɔq

Uighur: jaq

Sary-Yughur: jaq

Turkmen: jāq (dial.)

Kirghiz: ǯaq

Kazakh: žaq

Noghai: jaq

Bashkir: jaq

Karakalpak: žaq

Kumyk: jaq (dial.)

Comments: VEWT 180, ЭСТЯ 4, 82.

Proto-Turkic: *jāĺ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: age; year

Russian meaning: возраст; год

Old Turkic: jaš (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jaš (MK)

Turkish: jaš

Tatar: jaš

Middle Turkic: jaš (Ettuhf., AH)

Uzbek: jɔš

Uighur: jaš

Sary-Yughur: jas

Azerbaidzhan: jaš

Turkmen: jāš

Khakassian: čas

Shor: čaš

Oyrat: jaš, d́aš

Halaj: jāš

Chuvash: śol

Yakut: sās

Kirghiz: ǯaš

Kazakh: žas

Noghai: jas

Bashkir: jäš

Gagauz: jaš

Karaim: jaš

Karakalpak: žas

Salar: jaš

Kumyk: jaš

Comments: EDT 975-6, ЭСТЯ 4, 161-163, Федотов 2, 130, TMN 4, 97, Лексика 84.

Proto-Turkic: *jāĺ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: fresh, raw

Russian meaning: свежий, сырой

Old Turkic: jaš (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jaš (MK)

Turkish: jaš

Middle Turkic: jaš (AH, Ettuhf.)

Azerbaidzhan: jaš

Turkmen: jāš

Khakassian: čas

Oyrat: jaš, d́aš

Tuva: čaš

Kirghiz: ǯaš

Kazakh: žas

Noghai: jas

Bashkir: jäš

Balkar: ǯaš, žaš, zaš

Gagauz: jaš

Karaim: jaš

Comments: ЭСТЯ 4, 161-163, EDT 975-976, VEWT 192 (one of several *jāĺ roots). Within Turkic interacts actively (in fact almost completely merges with *jāĺ 'green' and *jāĺ 'young' - but all three roots, and, additionally, *jāĺ 'tear' and *jāĺ 'age' - seem to have different Altaic origins.

Proto-Turkic: *jāĺ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: tear

Russian meaning: слеза

Old Turkic: jaš (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jaš (MK)

Turkish: jaš

Tatar: jɛš

Middle Turkic: jaš (AH, Бор. Бад.)

Uzbek: jɔš

Uighur: jaš

Sary-Yughur: jas

Azerbaidzhan: jaš

Turkmen: jāš

Khakassian: čas

Oyrat: d́aš

Halaj: jāš

Chuvash: koś-śol

Tuva: čaš

Kirghiz: ǯaš

Kazakh: žas

Noghai: jas

Bashkir: jäš

Karaim: jaš

Karakalpak: žas

Salar: jaš

Kumyk: jaš

Comments: VEWT 192, EDT 975-976, Ашм. VII, 32, ЭСТЯ 4, 161-163 (because of external evidence should be distinguished both from *jāl' 'age' and *jāl' 'fresh, green').