| ▴ Proto-Turkic | ▴ Altaic etymology | ▴ Meaning | ▴ Russian meaning | ▴ Old Turkic | ▴ Karakhanid | ▴ Turkish | ▴ Tatar | ▴ Middle Turkic | ▴ Uzbek | ▴ Uighur | ▴ Sary-Yughur | ▴ Azerbaidzhan | ▴ Turkmen | ▴ Khakassian | ▴ Shor | ▴ Oyrat | ▴ Halaj | ▴ Chuvash | ▴ Yakut | ▴ Dolgan | ▴ Tuva | ▴ Tofalar | ▴ Kirghiz | ▴ Kazakh | ▴ Noghai | ▴ Bashkir | ▴ Balkar | ▴ Gagauz | ▴ Karaim | ▴ Karakalpak | ▴ Salar | ▴ Kumyk | ▴ Comments |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"*jubka | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"thin, slender, unsubstantial | face="Times New Roman Star"òîíêèé | face="Times New Roman Star"juqa (OUygh.), jujqa (Orkh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"jupqa, juvqa (MK), juvg|a (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"jufka | face="Times New Roman Star"juqa | face="Times New Roman Star"jufqa (AH), juqa (Ettuhf.) | face="Times New Roman Star"jupqa | face="Times New Roman Star"jupqa, juqa, z?upqa, z?uqu | face="Times New Roman Star"juqa | face="Times New Roman Star"juxa | face="Times New Roman Star"ju:qa | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ug|a | face="Times New Roman Star"c?og|a | face="Times New Roman Star"d/uqa |
| face="Times New Roman Star"s/u"g|e |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"c?ug|a | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ug|a | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|upqa, z?|uqa | face="Times New Roman Star"z?uqa | face="Times New Roman Star"juqa | face="Times New Roman Star"joqa | face="Times New Roman Star"z?uqa | face="Times New Roman Star"jufqa, jyfqa | face="Times New Roman Star"juwg|a, jufqa | face="Times New Roman Star"z?u>qa | face="Times New Roman Star"jox|ba | face="Times New Roman Star"juqqa | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 209, TMN 4, 211-212, EDT 874, ÝÑÒß 4, 241-242. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*jular | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"halter | face="Times New Roman Star"íåäîóçäîê |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jular (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"jular |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jular (Pav. C., Houts.), jolar (AH) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"d/ular |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"sular |
| face="Times New Roman Star"c?ular |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"jular |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"z|/ulur |
| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 932, VEWT 210, ÝÑÒß 4, 244-245, Ëåêñèêà 556. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ju"m- / *jum- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to close (eyes, mouth) | face="Times New Roman Star"çàêðûâàòü (ãëàçà, ðîò) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ju"m- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"jum- | face="Times New Roman Star"jom- | face="Times New Roman Star"jum- (Pav. C., MA, AH) | face="Times New Roman Star"jum- | face="Times New Roman Star"jum-, z?um- | face="Times New Roman Star"jum- | face="Times New Roman Star"jum- | face="Times New Roman Star"jum- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"d/um- | face="Times New Roman Star"jim- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"sim- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"z?|um- | face="Times New Roman Star"z?um- | face="Times New Roman Star"jum- | face="Times New Roman Star"jom- | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|um-, z?um- | face="Times New Roman Star"jum- | face="Times New Roman Star"jum- | face="Times New Roman Star"z?um- | face="Times New Roman Star"jum- | face="Times New Roman Star"jum- | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 934, VEWT 210, ÝÑÒß 4, 245-246. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*jum- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 round 2 ball of wool, thread | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êðóãëûé 2 êëóáîê |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jumg|aq 2 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"jumak 2, jumru 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jomry 1, jomg|aq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"jumru 1 (Pav. C.), jumqaq 2 (MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"jumalo|q 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jumlaq 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jumru 1, jumaG 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"jumaq 2, jumry 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"nyn|max 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jumg|aq 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"s/úw|mg|a 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"z?|umuru 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?umaq 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jomoro 1, jomg|aq 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jumaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"jumg|aq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?umry 1, z?umaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"jumax 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"jummaq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"One of expressive common Turkic roots meaning 'round, spherical'. See VEWT 210, EDT 871, 873, 877, 936, 937-8, ÝÑÒß 4, 246-247, 249-250. The root has also a variant (expressive?) *jub-, see ÝÑÒß 4, 237-238, Stachowski 114. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*jok- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 up, above 2 hill, elevation | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ââåðõ, íàâåðõ 2 âîçâûøåííîñòü, ïîäúåì | face="Times New Roman Star"joqaru 1 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"joqaru 1, joq 2 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"jukary 1, jokus? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"jug|ary 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"joqaru (AH), juqar (Pav. C.) 1, joqus? (AH, Ettuhf.) | face="Times New Roman Star"juqo|ri 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"juqari 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"juxary, dial. uxary 1, joxus? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"joqary 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?og|ar 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"juqqar 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"sog|oru, sog|uru: 'South; centre' | face="Times New Roman Star"soguru: 'South' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"z?|og|or(u) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?og|ary 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jug|ary 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"og|ary 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"juqar(y) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jog|ary 1, joqus?, joqys? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?oqary 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 896, 906, ÝÑÒß 4, 213-214, 215, Stachowski 211. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*jugur- ( ? -y-) | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to knead | face="Times New Roman Star"ìåñèòü | face="Times New Roman Star"jog|ur- (jug|ur-) (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"jug|ur- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"jour- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jug|ur- (MA, Houts.), jog|ur- (AH) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jug|u(r)-, z?ug|u(r)- | face="Times New Roman Star"jug|ur-, jog|ur- | face="Times New Roman Star"jog|ur- | face="Times New Roman Star"jug|y:r-, jug|ur- | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ura- | face="Times New Roman Star"c?u:r- | face="Times New Roman Star"jura-, d/ura- | face="Times New Roman Star"jog|u:r- | face="Times New Roman Star"s/@w|r- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"z?|u:r- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"jur- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"jug|ur- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 205, ÝÑÒß 4, 243-244, TMN 4, 173, EDT 906. Turk. > Hung. gyu/r- (Gombocz 1912, MNyTeSz 1, 1138). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*uja | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"nest | face="Times New Roman Star"ãíåçäî | face="Times New Roman Star"uja (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"uja (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"juwa | face="Times New Roman Star"oja | face="Times New Roman Star"juwa, uja (AH, Ettuhf.) | face="Times New Roman Star"uja | face="Times New Roman Star"uwa, uga | face="Times New Roman Star"uja, oja 'egg' | face="Times New Roman Star"juwa |
| face="Times New Roman Star"uja |
| face="Times New Roman Star"uja |
| face="Times New Roman Star"júw|va | face="Times New Roman Star"uja | face="Times New Roman Star"uja | face="Times New Roman Star"uja | face="Times New Roman Star"uja | face="Times New Roman Star"uja | face="Times New Roman Star"uja | face="Times New Roman Star"uja | face="Times New Roman Star"oja |
| face="Times New Roman Star"juwa | face="Times New Roman Star"juwa, uja | face="Times New Roman Star"uja |
| face="Times New Roman Star"uja | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 511, EDT 267, ÝÑÒß 4, 239, Åãîðîâ 73, Stachowski 242. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*jog-urt | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"curdled, coagulated milk | face="Times New Roman Star"êèñëîå, ñâåðíóâøååñÿ ìîëîêî | face="Times New Roman Star"jog|rot, jurg|ut, jug|rut (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"jug|rut, jog|urt (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"jog|urt, jourt |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jag|urt (Houts., AH) | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|urg|o|t (dial.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jog|urt, jug|urt | face="Times New Roman Star"jog|urt | face="Times New Roman Star"jog|urt |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"suorat |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"z?|u:rat |
| face="Times New Roman Star"juwyrt |
| face="Times New Roman Star"z?|uwurt, z?uwurt, zuwurt | face="Times New Roman Star"ju:rt |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"juwurt | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 905, ÝÑÒß 4, 207-208. For semantic reasons derivation from *jogur- 'to knead' (TMN 4, 173) seems hardly plausible. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*jun| | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 wool 2 small feathers, down 3 feather 4 faded fur | face="Times New Roman Star"1 øåðñòü 2 ïóõ 3 ïåðî 4 ëèíüêà | face="Times New Roman Star"jun| 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"jun| 1 (KB), 2, 3 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jon 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"jun| 1 (Áîð. Áàä.), ju"n| 1 (Pav. C., MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"jun| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jun|, z?|un| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jun|, ju"n|, jun 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"jun 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"n| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"nu"n| 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?um 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"n|, jum, jym, d/un| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jun| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"s/úw|m 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"sun| 4 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"n| 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"z?|u"n 1,2,3 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?u"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jo"n 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ju"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"n, jun 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?u"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jun| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 211, EDT 941, ÝÑÒß 4, 267-268, Ëåêñèêà 146. This root should not be confused with *ju"g 'feather' (v. sub *d[e/]gi). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ju"rek | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"heart; courage | face="Times New Roman Star"ñåðäöå | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"rek (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"rek (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"rek | face="Times New Roman Star"jo"re|k | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"rek (MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"jurak | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"ra"k | face="Times New Roman Star"jo"rek | face="Times New Roman Star"u"rek | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"rek | face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"rek | face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"rek (R., Âåðá.) | face="Times New Roman Star"d/u"rek | face="Times New Roman Star"jirek | face="Times New Roman Star"c?@re | face="Times New Roman Star"su"rex | face="Times New Roman Star"hu"rek | face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"rek | face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"rek | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|u"ro"k | face="Times New Roman Star"z?u"rek | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"rek | face="Times New Roman Star"jo"rek | face="Times New Roman Star"z?u"rek | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"rek/ | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"rek | face="Times New Roman Star"z?u"rek | face="Times New Roman Star"jyru"x | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"rek | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 213, EDT 965, ÝÑÒß 4, 270-271, Åãîðîâ 324, Ëåêñèêà 276, Stachowski 116. Chuv. c?- is irregular: a contamination with c?@r@ 'alive'. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*u"rk- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to be afraid | face="Times New Roman Star"áîÿòüñÿ | face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk- | face="Times New Roman Star"u">rk- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk- (Pav. C.), u"ru"k- (AH) | face="Times New Roman Star"hu"rk- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"rku"- | face="Times New Roman Star"o"rk- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"ru"k- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"rku"- | face="Times New Roman Star"hirk- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"rg-u"t- 'to frighten' | face="Times New Roman Star"u"rg-u"t- 'to frighten' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"rki>- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk- | face="Times New Roman Star"u">rk- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk- | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"ru"k- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk- | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 221, VEWT 522, ÝÑÒß 1, 635-637, Stachowski 253. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*o"g- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 unrelated; step-relative 2 other, different | face="Times New Roman Star"1 íåðîäíîé; ïðèåìíûé ðîäñòâåííèê (ïàñûíîê, ìà÷åõà) 2 äðóãîé, îòëè÷íûé | face="Times New Roman Star"o"gej 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o"gej 1 (MK), o"gu"n 2 (KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"u"vej 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"gi 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"gej 1 (Pav. C.), o"gu"n 2 (Abush.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o.gej 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"o"ga"j 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"gej, o"vej 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o":j 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o":j 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"j 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"egian 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"egin-egin 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"o"gej 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"gej 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"gej 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"ga"j 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"gej 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"va" 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"gej 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"o"gej 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"o"gej 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 109, 119, VEWT 369, 306, ÝÑÒß 1, 495-496, TMN 2, 159, Stachowski 43 (with some confusion of the Yakut variants egin, egian and en|in; on the latter see *en|). In Az. one would rather expect *o"ja"j; -g- is probably preserved due to dissimilation. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ju"r/- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to swim, float | face="Times New Roman Star"ïëàâàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z- (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z- | face="Times New Roman Star"jo"z- | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z- (AH, Ettuhf.), u"z- (Áîð. Áàä., Abush., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"juz- | face="Times New Roman Star"u"z- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"z- | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z- | face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"s- | face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"s- | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"s-, d/u"s- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"so"tu"o" 'bathing', so"tu"o"le:- 'to bathe' | face="Times New Roman Star"ho"tu"o"le:-, hu"to"l- 'to bathe' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"z?|u"z- | face="Times New Roman Star"z?uz- | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z- | face="Times New Roman Star"jo"d|- | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|u"z-, z?u"z- | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z- | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z-, u"z- | face="Times New Roman Star"z?u"z- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"juz- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 214, EDT 984, ÝÑÒß 4, 261. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ju"r/- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to peel off (skin), to skin | face="Times New Roman Star"ñäèðàòü (øêóðó) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 984, ÝÑÒß 4, 261. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ju":r/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"face | face="Times New Roman Star"ëèöî | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z | face="Times New Roman Star"jo"z | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z (MA, AH, Ettuhf.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z | face="Times New Roman Star"u"z | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z | face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"s |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ju"s, d/u"s | face="Times New Roman Star"ji:z | face="Times New Roman Star"s/úw|var 'mouth' | face="Times New Roman Star"su":s 'forehead' | face="Times New Roman Star"hu":s 'forehead' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"z?|u"z | face="Times New Roman Star"z?u"z | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z | face="Times New Roman Star"jo"d| |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z, u"z | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z, juz/, jiz, iz | face="Times New Roman Star"z?u"z | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z, jiz | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 213-4, ÝÑÒß 4, 259-260, Ëåêñèêà 206, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 154, Stachowski 117. Khalaj ji:z = Yak. su":s prove that Turkm. ju"z is secondary. Turk. > MMong. (MA) ju"z 'surface' (Ùåðáàê 1997, 196). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ju"r/- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 finger ring 2 joint 3 stirrup (*u"r/en|gu" < *ju"r/en|gu") | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êîëüöî (íà ïàëåö) 2 ñóñòàâ (ïàëüöåâûé) 3 ñòðåìÿ |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ju"zu"k 1 (MK), u"zen|u" 3 (KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"zu"k 1, u"zengi 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"jo"zek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"zu"k 1 (AH, Ettuhf.), u"zu"k 1 (Pav. C., Abush.) | face="Times New Roman Star"uzuk 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"u"zu"k 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"zu"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"zu"k 1, u"zen|n|i 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"stu"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"stu"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"stu"k, d/u"stu"k 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"s/@w|r@w| 1, júrana 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"su"hu"o"x 2, ihen|e 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"hu"hu"o"k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"'stu"k 1, c?u"s 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"z?|u"zu"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?u"zik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"zik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jo"d|o"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|u"zu"k, zu"zu"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"zu"k, u"zu"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"zu"k, u"zu"k, ezik, izik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"z?u"zik 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ju"zu"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 986, VEWT 214, TMN 2, 146,147-148, ÝÑÒß 1, 623-625, 4, 260, 261-262, Åãîðîâ 212, Ëåêñèêà 548-549, Stachowski 115. Turk. > Hung. gyu/ /ru? (see Lig. MNyTK 77-79). The reason of *j- > 0- in the PT name of "stirrup" ( < *"ring-formed") is unclear (irregular change in a long form?). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ju"r/u"m | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"grape | face="Times New Roman Star"âèíîãðàä | face="Times New Roman Star"u"zu"m (OUygh. - med.) | face="Times New Roman Star"u"zu"m (MK), ju"zu"m (IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"u"zu"m | face="Times New Roman Star"jo"zem | face="Times New Roman Star"u"zu"m (Pav. C.), ju"zu"m (Houts.) | face="Times New Roman Star"uzum | face="Times New Roman Star"u"zu"m | face="Times New Roman Star"u"c?u"m (< Mong.?) | face="Times New Roman Star"u"zu"m | face="Times New Roman Star"u"zu"m |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"iz/@m |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"z?|u"zim | face="Times New Roman Star"z?u"zu"m | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"zim | face="Times New Roman Star"jo"d|o"m | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|u"zu"m | face="Times New Roman Star"ju"zu"m | face="Times New Roman Star"izim, ju"zu"m | face="Times New Roman Star"z?u"zim |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ju"zu"m | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 288, VEWT 214, ÝÑÒß 1, 625, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 173. Turk. > Mong. u"z?|u"m 'grapes', see TMN 2, 54, Clark 1980, 40. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*[k]Ebr/e | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"shoulderblade | face="Times New Roman Star"ëîïàòêà |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kebze 'shoulderblade, augury' | face="Times New Roman Star"ke|wse| 'tree stem' | face="Times New Roman Star"kebze 'shoulder' (Sangl.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ga"bza" 'handle' | face="Times New Roman Star"kebze |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kebze, ko"wzo" (R) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ke|wd|e| 'body' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kebze |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kebze 'breast' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 245, EDT 905, Ëåêñèêà 242-243. The quality of the initial velar is not quite clear: the Az. form perhaps preserves an archaism, while other Oghuz forms may be kypchakisms; otherwise its Altaic connections become more dubious. KKalp. keps?e 'shoulderblade' quoted in VEWT means in reality 'a small shovel' (Russ. ëîïàòêà), from Pers. kapc?a = Osm. kepc?e 'ein grosser Lo"ffel' (VEWT 254). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*kepelek | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"butterfly | face="Times New Roman Star"áàáî÷êà |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kepeli (MK), kebelek (Tefs.), kelebek (IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"kelebek; ko"pelek, kepenek (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"be|le|k | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pelek (Abush.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kapalak | face="Times New Roman Star"kepile|k |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ka"pa"na"k | face="Times New Roman Star"kebelek, kepelek (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"xobanax, xubanax | face="Times New Roman Star"xopax | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"bo"lo"k |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xovag|an |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"po"lo"k |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"pelek | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ba"la"k | face="Times New Roman Star"go"belekke | face="Times New Roman Star"kelebek | face="Times New Roman Star"k/eb/elak | face="Times New Roman Star"go"belek |
| face="Times New Roman Star"gu"melek | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 291, EDT 689, ÝÑÒß 5, 13-15, Ëåêñèêà 187. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*kEmu"k | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 bone 2 spongy bone 3 cartilage | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êîñòü 2 ãóá÷àòàÿ êîñòü 3 õðÿù |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kemik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kimek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kemu"k (MA) 3, ko"mu"k (Pav. C.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko|mik, ge|mik (dial.) 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ke:mik 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kemik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kemik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kemik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kimek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"gemik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kemik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kemyk 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kemik 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"gemik 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 251, EDT 722, ÝÑÒß 5, 36-38, Ëåêñèêà 261-262. Turk. > Mong. kemik 'cartilage' (see Ùåðáàê 1997, 126; but the derivation of the Turk. form from *gemu"r- 'to gnaw' (v. sub *ke>\ma) is a folk etymology, although some contaminations were possible: Yak. ko"mu"ru"o" 'spongy bone' semantically continues *kemu"k, but formally is derived from *gemu"r-. MK has kemdi- 'to cut meat from the bones' and kemdu"k 'bone with meat cut off' - forms that may be related both to *kemu"k and *gemu"r-. |
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