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 Proto-Turkic Altaic etymology Meaning Russian meaning Old Turkic Karakhanid Turkish Tatar Middle Turkic Uzbek Uighur Sary-Yughur Azerbaidzhan Turkmen Khakassian Shor Oyrat Halaj Chuvash Yakut Dolgan Tuva Tofalar Kirghiz Kazakh Noghai Bashkir Balkar Gagauz Karaim Karakalpak Salar Kumyk Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"kface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"healthy, big, thickface="Times New Roman Star"çäîðîâûé, áîëüøîé, òîëñòûé

face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k


face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k



face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k














face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 93. Turkic > Khalkha xo"x 'massive (of muscles, flesh etc.)'
face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"mekface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"helpface="Times New Roman Star"ïîìîùü

face="Times New Roman Star"ko"mekface="Times New Roman Star"ku"me|k 'collective, many people'face="Times New Roman Star"ko"mek (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"ku.me|kface="Times New Roman Star"ko"me|k
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ma"kface="Times New Roman Star"ko"mek


face="Times New Roman Star"ko"me|k, keme|k
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"mo"face="Times New Roman Star"ko"mo"

face="Times New Roman Star"ko"mo"k
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"mekface="Times New Roman Star"ku"me|k 'collective, many people'




face="Times New Roman Star"ko"mekface="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 98-99, Stachowski 156.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"rpeface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 new-born 2 new-born lambface="Times New Roman Star"1 íîâîðîæäåííûé 2 íîâîðîæäåííûé ÿãíåíîê
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"rpe (MK) 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko"rpe 1, 2

face="Times New Roman Star"ku.rpe| 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko"(r)pe| 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"rpa" 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko"rpe 1


face="Times New Roman Star"kurpe, kirpe|




face="Times New Roman Star"ko"rpo" 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"rpe 2face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rpe| 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko"rpe 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"rpe| 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"rpe 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"rpe 1face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 293, TMN 3, 637, ÝÑÒß 5, 116-118, Ëåêñèêà 391.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ku"re-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to rake 2 spade, shovelface="Times New Roman Star"1 ñãðåáàòü 2 ëîïàòà
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ri- (MK) 1, ku"rga"k (MK) 2face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ru"- 1, ku"rek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"re|- 1, ko"re|k 2face="Times New Roman Star"ku"re- 1 (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"kure|- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ku"re|- 1, kure|k 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ru"-, ku"ra"- 1, ku"ra"k 2face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ku"re- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"re- 1, ku"rek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rge|k 2face="Times New Roman Star"k@w|rez/e 2face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rt- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rt- 1face="Times New Roman Star"xu":rek, ku"ru"jek (Todzh.)face="Times New Roman Star"xu"ru"jekface="Times New Roman Star"ku"ro"- 1, ku"ro"k 2face="Times New Roman Star"ku"re- 1, ku"rek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ku"re- 1, ku"rek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"re|- 1, ko"re|k 2face="Times New Roman Star"ku"re- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ru"- 1, ku"rek 2
face="Times New Roman Star"gu"rek 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"re- 1, ku"rek 2face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 310, ÝÑÒß 5, 150-152, Stachowski 166. Turk. *ku"re-c?ek > MMong. ku"rz?|ek, WMong. ku"rz?|e, see Ùåðáàê 1997, 129 (borrowed back > Yak. ku"rz?|ex, Dolg. ku"rz?|ek, see Stachowski ibid.).
face="Times New Roman Star"*be.-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 I 2 (*bi-r/) weface="Times New Roman Star"1 ÿ 2 (*bi-r/) ìûface="Times New Roman Star"ben 1 (Orkh., Yen., OUygh.), men 1 (OUygh.), biz 2 (Orkh., Yen., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"men 1 (MK, KB), biz 2 (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"ben 1, biz 2face="Times New Roman Star"min 1, bez 2face="Times New Roman Star"ben 1 (Abush.), biz 2 (Abush.)face="Times New Roman Star"men 1, biz 2face="Times New Roman Star"ma"n 1, biz 2face="Times New Roman Star"men 1, pyz 2face="Times New Roman Star"ma"n 1, biz 2face="Times New Roman Star"men 1, bi:z 2face="Times New Roman Star"min 1, p@s 2face="Times New Roman Star"men 1, pis 2face="Times New Roman Star"men 1, mis 2face="Times New Roman Star"ma"n 1, biz 2face="Times New Roman Star"e-b@ 1, e-b@r 2face="Times New Roman Star"min 1, bihigi 2 (Poss.)face="Times New Roman Star"min 1, bihigi 2face="Times New Roman Star"men 1, bis 2face="Times New Roman Star"men 1, bi's 2face="Times New Roman Star"men 1, miz 2face="Times New Roman Star"min 1, biz 2face="Times New Roman Star"men 1, biz 2face="Times New Roman Star"min 1, bed| 2face="Times New Roman Star"men 1, miz 2face="Times New Roman Star"ben 1, bis 2face="Times New Roman Star"men 1, biz 2face="Times New Roman Star"men 1, biz 2face="Times New Roman Star"me:(n) 1, pise(r) 2 (ÑÑß 128)face="Times New Roman Star"men 1, biz 2face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 346 (*be.-n), 388 (*bir/), ÝÑÒß 2, 129-130, VEWT 77, 333, Stachowski 60, 179.
face="Times New Roman Star"*me:me (*be:me)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 breast (fem.) 2 nipple 3(poet.) breastface="Times New Roman Star"1 ãðóäü (æ.) 2 ñîñîê 3 ãðóäü (ïîýò.) 4 ñîñêà

face="Times New Roman Star"meme 1, Old Osm. memek (17th c.)face="Times New Roman Star"me|mi, me|me|j 1

face="Times New Roman Star"ma"ma" 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ma"ma" 2face="Times New Roman Star"ma":me 3


face="Times New Roman Star"ma":ma"k
face="Times New Roman Star"me:me: 4




face="Times New Roman Star"ma"ma"j 1face="Times New Roman Star"ma"ma"j 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ma"ma" 1face="Times New Roman Star"ma"ma" 2face="Times New Roman Star"ma"mma" 1

face="Times New Roman Star"An onomatopoetic root. See VEWT 333, ÝÑÒß VII.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bejn|iface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"brainface="Times New Roman Star"ìîçã; âìåñòèëèùå ðàçóìàface="Times New Roman Star"meji, men|i (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"men|i (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"bejinface="Times New Roman Star"miface="Times New Roman Star"miji (MA), mejn (Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"mijaface="Times New Roman Star"min|a"
face="Times New Roman Star"bejinface="Times New Roman Star"bejni, mejniface="Times New Roman Star"mi:face="Times New Roman Star"mi:-sface="Times New Roman Star"me:face="Times New Roman Star"meinface="Times New Roman Star"mim@face="Times New Roman Star"meji:face="Times New Roman Star"men/i: 'head'face="Times New Roman Star"me:face="Times New Roman Star"ma":face="Times New Roman Star"me:face="Times New Roman Star"myjface="Times New Roman Star"myjface="Times New Roman Star"mejeface="Times New Roman Star"mije
face="Times New Roman Star"mijiface="Times New Roman Star"mij
face="Times New Roman Star"mijiface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 70, EDT 348-349, ÝÑÒß 2, 106-107, TMN 4, 35, Ëåêñèêà 195, Stachowski 178. Turk. > MMong. mije, miji (Ùåðáàê 1997, 105).
face="Times New Roman Star"*byn|face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"thousandface="Times New Roman Star"òûñÿ÷àface="Times New Roman Star"byn|, bin| (Orkh., OUygh.), min|(OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"min| (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"binface="Times New Roman Star"men|face="Times New Roman Star"min| (Abush., Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"min|face="Times New Roman Star"min|face="Times New Roman Star"men|face="Times New Roman Star"minface="Times New Roman Star"mu"n|face="Times New Roman Star"mun|face="Times New Roman Star"mun|face="Times New Roman Star"mun|face="Times New Roman Star"min|face="Times New Roman Star"pinface="Times New Roman Star"mun|
face="Times New Roman Star"mun|
face="Times New Roman Star"min|face="Times New Roman Star"myn|face="Times New Roman Star"min|, myn|face="Times New Roman Star"men|face="Times New Roman Star"min|face="Times New Roman Star"binface="Times New Roman Star"minface="Times New Roman Star"myn|face="Times New Roman Star"min|face="Times New Roman Star"min|face="Times New Roman Star" VEWT 76, MNT 4, 1742, EDT 347-347, Ëåêñèêà 574. Cannot be < Chin. (see Clauson 1964, 24-25).
face="Times New Roman Star"*jen|eface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"elder brother's wifeface="Times New Roman Star"æåíà ñòàðøåãî áðàòàface="Times New Roman Star"jen|ge (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jen|ge (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"jen|geface="Times New Roman Star"z?|in|ge|face="Times New Roman Star"jen|ge (Pav. C.), jinge (AH)
face="Times New Roman Star"jen|geface="Times New Roman Star"jen|ge, jin|ge, in|geface="Times New Roman Star"jen|ga"face="Times New Roman Star"jen|n|eface="Times New Roman Star"nigeface="Times New Roman Star"nen|eface="Times New Roman Star"jen|e, d/en|eface="Times New Roman Star"nen|e
face="Times New Roman Star"san|asface="Times New Roman Star"han|asface="Times New Roman Star"c?en|ge
face="Times New Roman Star"z?|en|eface="Times New Roman Star"z?en|geface="Times New Roman Star"jen|geface="Times New Roman Star"jen|ge


face="Times New Roman Star"z?en|geface="Times New Roman Star"jen|Go, jen|ko, jan|gu
face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 950, VEWT 197-8, ÝÑÒß 4, 189-190, Ëåêñèêà 313, Stachowski 96.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bo:l-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to becomeface="Times New Roman Star"ñòàíîâèòüñÿface="Times New Roman Star"bol- (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"bol- (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"ol-face="Times New Roman Star"bul-face="Times New Roman Star"bol- (Abush., Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"bu.l-face="Times New Roman Star"bo(l)-face="Times New Roman Star"pol-face="Times New Roman Star"ol-face="Times New Roman Star"bol-face="Times New Roman Star"pol-face="Times New Roman Star"pol-face="Times New Roman Star"bol-face="Times New Roman Star"o^.l-face="Times New Roman Star"pol-face="Times New Roman Star"buol-face="Times New Roman Star"buol-face="Times New Roman Star"bol-
face="Times New Roman Star"bol-face="Times New Roman Star"bol-face="Times New Roman Star"bol-face="Times New Roman Star"bul-face="Times New Roman Star"bol-face="Times New Roman Star"ol-face="Times New Roman Star"bol-face="Times New Roman Star"bol-face="Times New Roman Star"vol-, vo:-, bo:- (Òåí. ÑÑß)face="Times New Roman Star"bol-face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 331-332, VEWT 79, TMN 2, 358, ÝÑÒß 2, 185-188, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 442, Stachowski 66. Forms with o- may represent a different root (see *ol-tur-). On the other hand, the geographical distribution of this variant matches quite closely the change *b- > v- in a number of words with grammatical function (for Haladzh cf. vi:er- 'give', va:or 'there is'), so most of the forms with o- may indeed reflect *bol- > *vol- > ol-; the different root *ol- is with more certainty reflected only in Middle Uyghur (At., Tefs., IM - cf. bar, bir- in the same sources) and Middle Kypchak (Bulgat, Ettuhf., see ÝÑÒß 2, 186).
face="Times New Roman Star"*o(-l)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"thatface="Times New Roman Star"òîòface="Times New Roman Star"o-l (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"o-l (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"oface="Times New Roman Star"u-lface="Times New Roman Star"o-l (AH)face="Times New Roman Star"u.face="Times New Roman Star"uface="Times New Roman Star"o-l, oface="Times New Roman Star"oface="Times New Roman Star"olface="Times New Roman Star"ol
face="Times New Roman Star"o-lface="Times New Roman Star"o:., o_, u.o:./-raface="Times New Roman Star"vúw|-lface="Times New Roman Star"olface="Times New Roman Star"olface="Times New Roman Star"olface="Times New Roman Star"olface="Times New Roman Star"o-s?oface="Times New Roman Star"o-lface="Times New Roman Star"o-lface="Times New Roman Star"o-s?o, uface="Times New Roman Star"o-lface="Times New Roman Star"oface="Times New Roman Star"oface="Times New Roman Star"o-l, u-sy 'this'face="Times New Roman Star"uface="Times New Roman Star"o-lface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 360, ÝÑÒß 1, 444-445, 456, 492-494, TMN 2, 93, EDT 123-4, Stachowski 191. The form o is attested later than ol, but it certainly does not mean that it was absent in PT (despite Clauson).
face="Times New Roman Star"*o:nface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"tenface="Times New Roman Star"äåñÿòüface="Times New Roman Star"on (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"on (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"onface="Times New Roman Star"unface="Times New Roman Star"on (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"o.nface="Times New Roman Star"onface="Times New Roman Star"on, unface="Times New Roman Star"onface="Times New Roman Star"o:nface="Times New Roman Star"on
face="Times New Roman Star"onface="Times New Roman Star"o:^.nface="Times New Roman Star"vonúface="Times New Roman Star"uonface="Times New Roman Star"uonface="Times New Roman Star"onface="Times New Roman Star"onface="Times New Roman Star"onface="Times New Roman Star"onface="Times New Roman Star"onface="Times New Roman Star"unface="Times New Roman Star"onface="Times New Roman Star"uon, onface="Times New Roman Star"onface="Times New Roman Star"on
face="Times New Roman Star"onface="Times New Roman Star"EDT 166, VEWT 362, TMN 2, 163, ÝÑÒß 1, 455-456, Ëåêñèêà 573, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 130-131, Stachowski 244.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Tokface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 hummel 2 base of a horn 3 with a shaved headface="Times New Roman Star"1 êîìîëûé 2 îñíîâàíèå ðîãà 3 áðèòîãîëîâûé
face="Times New Roman Star"toq 3 (MK)

face="Times New Roman Star"toqal (R) 1face="Times New Roman Star"to.qo|l 1, 3face="Times New Roman Star"toqal 1





face="Times New Roman Star"? toq 'Gipfel, Spitze'


face="Times New Roman Star"toqpaq 'êóöûé' (õâîñò), doqpaq 'êîðíîóõèé'face="Times New Roman Star"? to'q 'êðóïíûé î øàðîîáðàçíîì'face="Times New Roman Star"toqol 1face="Times New Roman Star"toqal 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"toqal, toqalaq 1, 3face="Times New Roman Star"tuqal 1face="Times New Roman Star"toqal 1
face="Times New Roman Star"toqal 'ñ òóïûì êîíöîì'face="Times New Roman Star"toqal 1

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 485, 486 (but not < Mong., despite Ra"sa"nen); EDT 464.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ba.l-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"mud, clayface="Times New Roman Star"ãðÿçü, ãëèíà
face="Times New Roman Star"balc?yq (MK,IM), bal(y)q (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"balc?ykface="Times New Roman Star"balc?yqface="Times New Roman Star"balc?yq (Pav. C.), palc?yq (Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"balc?iqface="Times New Roman Star"balc?uq
face="Times New Roman Star"palc?yGface="Times New Roman Star"palc?yqface="Times New Roman Star"palc?ax (Sag.)
face="Times New Roman Star"bal-qas?face="Times New Roman Star"palc?oq ( < Az.)face="Times New Roman Star"pylz?|úkface="Times New Roman Star"byly:k 'sand, silt, brought by water' (Ïåê.)
face="Times New Roman Star"balg|as?, malg|as?face="Times New Roman Star"ba'lxas?
face="Times New Roman Star"bals?yq, balqas?face="Times New Roman Star"bals?yqface="Times New Roman Star"balsyq

face="Times New Roman Star"balc?yq
face="Times New Roman Star"palc?yx (ÑÑß 435 è äð.)face="Times New Roman Star"balc?yqface="Times New Roman Star"EDT 333, 336, VEWT 60, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 179, Ëåêñèêà 374. Turk. > Mong. balc?ig (Ùåðáàê 1997, 103). In Chuv. one would rather expect pys/@x, so the form may reflect a slightly different morphologically *ba.ly-c?ak.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bert-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to break, damage, woundface="Times New Roman Star"ëîìàòü, âðåäèòü, ðàíèòüface="Times New Roman Star"bert- (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"bert- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"bert-face="Times New Roman Star"birt-face="Times New Roman Star"bertik 'bone' (in the context: bone fracture) (Pav. C.)


face="Times New Roman Star"pa"rt-face="Times New Roman Star"berti-face="Times New Roman Star"pirt@k 'mutilation'face="Times New Roman Star"peret-face="Times New Roman Star"bert-in- (refl.)face="Times New Roman Star"pa"rt-la"- `to throw'face="Times New Roman Star"part '(imit.) crackling'

face="Times New Roman Star"bertik 'mutilation'
face="Times New Roman Star"bertik 'contortion', bertin- = mertin- (refl.)face="Times New Roman Star"mertik 'contortion'face="Times New Roman Star"mertik 'contortion'face="Times New Roman Star"birt-
face="Times New Roman Star"bert-
face="Times New Roman Star"mert-

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 71, EDT 358, 359, ÝÑÒß 2, 70-72. Turk. > Mong. berte-.
face="Times New Roman Star"*be.lekface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"giftface="Times New Roman Star"ïîäàðîêface="Times New Roman Star"belek (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"belek (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"belek (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"bu"la"kface="Times New Roman Star"belek (Sangl.)
face="Times New Roman Star"ba"la"k (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"pelek (ßÆÓ)



face="Times New Roman Star"belekface="Times New Roman Star"pelekface="Times New Roman Star"pil 'blessing'face="Times New Roman Star"belexface="Times New Roman Star"belekface="Times New Roman Star"belek
face="Times New Roman Star"belek

face="Times New Roman Star"bu"la"k

face="Times New Roman Star"belek 'ïðèïëîä'


face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 69, TMN 2, 413, EDT 338, ÝÑÒß 2, 112-113, Äûáî 1997, 78-79, Ëåêñèêà 348-349, Stachowski 57. In Åãîðîâ 160, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 431 the Chuv. form is regarded as a variant of pexil 'blessing' ( < Pers.), which is insecure phonetically. Derivation from bele'swaddle' (Clark 1977, 132) is highly dubious. The labialized vowel in Bashk., Tat. is a result of contamination with *bo"lek 'part'. Turk. > WMong. beleg, Kalm. bel@g (KW 41; TMN ibid., Ùåðáàê 1997, 104), whence Evk. belek etc., see Doerfer MT 141 (but Àíèêèí 127 regards Evk. belek as borrowed < Yak.).
face="Times New Roman Star"*bogar/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"pregnant (of animals)face="Times New Roman Star"áåðåìåííàÿ (î æèâîòíûõ)


face="Times New Roman Star"buwazface="Times New Roman Star"(to"l) bog|az (Oghuz-nama); bog|az, bog|uz (MA)face="Times New Roman Star"bu.g|o|zface="Times New Roman Star"bog|az
face="Times New Roman Star"bog|az (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"bog|azface="Times New Roman Star"po:s
face="Times New Roman Star"poosface="Times New Roman Star"poos
face="Times New Roman Star"buosface="Times New Roman Star"buosface="Times New Roman Star"boos
face="Times New Roman Star"boozface="Times New Roman Star"buwazface="Times New Roman Star"buwazface="Times New Roman Star"bywad|face="Times New Roman Star"buwaz

face="Times New Roman Star"buwaz
face="Times New Roman Star"buwazface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 78, ÝÑÒß 2, 169, Stachowski 67. Turk. > WMong. bog|us, Kalm. bo:s (KW 54), Dag. bo:s (Òîä. Äàã. 127), see Clark 1980, 39.
face="Times New Roman Star"*byn/l/(yk)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"catface="Times New Roman Star"êîøêà
face="Times New Roman Star"mu"s? (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"pys?yk (dial.), pisiface="Times New Roman Star"pesi, dial. mys?yqface="Times New Roman Star"pis?ik, mus?uq (Pav. C., Abush., MA)face="Times New Roman Star"mus?ukface="Times New Roman Star"mo"s?u"kface="Times New Roman Star"mis?, mis?ikface="Times New Roman Star"pis?ikface="Times New Roman Star"pis?ik

face="Times New Roman Star"myz?yqface="Times New Roman Star"pus?uq




face="Times New Roman Star"mys?yqface="Times New Roman Star"mysyqface="Times New Roman Star"mysyqface="Times New Roman Star"bisa"j


face="Times New Roman Star"pys?yqface="Times New Roman Star"mis?ixface="Times New Roman Star"mis?ik, bis?ewface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 337, EDT 772, ÝÑÒß 7. Cf., however, OUygh. mys?qyc? < Sogd. mws?kys?c? id. Tur. pisi, Tat. pesi are expressive calling forms, which may explain their irregularity (medial -s-).
face="Times New Roman Star"*bur/- / *bor/-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to damage, destroyface="Times New Roman Star"ïðè÷èíÿòü âðåä, ðàçðóøàòüface="Times New Roman Star"buz- (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"buz- (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"boz-face="Times New Roman Star"boz-face="Times New Roman Star"buz- (Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"buz-face="Times New Roman Star"buz-face="Times New Roman Star"puz-face="Times New Roman Star"poz-face="Times New Roman Star"boz-face="Times New Roman Star"pus-face="Times New Roman Star"puza-face="Times New Roman Star"bus-face="Times New Roman Star"puz- ( < Ogh.?)face="Times New Roman Star"púw|s-

face="Times New Roman Star"bus-
face="Times New Roman Star"buz-face="Times New Roman Star"buz-face="Times New Roman Star"buz-face="Times New Roman Star"bod|-face="Times New Roman Star"buz-face="Times New Roman Star"boz-face="Times New Roman Star"buz- (T,H,K)face="Times New Roman Star"buz-
face="Times New Roman Star"buz-face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 389, VEWT 91, TMN 2, 337, Ôåäîòîâ 1 404, Åãîðîâ 150, ÝÑÒß 7. -s- in Chuv. may be explained either as a loan from Kypch. or as a reflex of the old cluster -r/s- (Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 98).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Karaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"blackface="Times New Roman Star"÷åðíûéface="Times New Roman Star"qara (Orkh., Yen., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"qara (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"karaface="Times New Roman Star"qaraface="Times New Roman Star"qara (MA, IM, Pav. C., AH, Áîð. Áàä.)face="Times New Roman Star"qo|re|face="Times New Roman Star"qara, dial. qareface="Times New Roman Star"Garaface="Times New Roman Star"Garaface="Times New Roman Star"Garaface="Times New Roman Star"xaraface="Times New Roman Star"qaraface="Times New Roman Star"qaraface="Times New Roman Star"qaraface="Times New Roman Star"xoraface="Times New Roman Star"xaraface="Times New Roman Star"karaface="Times New Roman Star"qaraface="Times New Roman Star"qaraface="Times New Roman Star"qaraface="Times New Roman Star"qaraface="Times New Roman Star"qaraface="Times New Roman Star"qaraface="Times New Roman Star"qaraface="Times New Roman Star"qaraface="Times New Roman Star"qaraface="Times New Roman Star"qaraface="Times New Roman Star"Garaface="Times New Roman Star"qaraface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 235, TMN 3, 426-432, EDT 643-4, ÝÑÒß 5, 286-289, 299-100, Ëåêñèêà 592-593, Stachowski 138, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 362.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,tur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