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 Proto-Turkic Altaic etymology Meaning Russian meaning Old Turkic Karakhanid Turkish Tatar Middle Turkic Uzbek Uighur Sary-Yughur Azerbaidzhan Turkmen Khakassian Shor Oyrat Halaj Chuvash Yakut Dolgan Tuva Tofalar Kirghiz Kazakh Noghai Bashkir Balkar Gagauz Karaim Karakalpak Salar Kumyk Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*a:lface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 front 2 forehead 3 in front of 4 towards the front offace="Times New Roman Star"1 ïåðåä 2 ëîá 3 âïåðåäè, ñïåðåäè 4 âïåðåäface="Times New Roman Star"alyn 2 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"alyn 2 (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"al 1 (dial.), alyn 1, 2; 'face'face="Times New Roman Star"al 1, al-d-y 1, alyn 1face="Times New Roman Star"aly 1 (Abush.), alny-da 'in the presence of' (Abush.), aldy (Babur) 3face="Times New Roman Star"o|l-d-i 1face="Times New Roman Star"ajl, aldi 1, al-dyn 3, al-g|a 4face="Times New Roman Star"al 1, alym, alyn 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"alyn 2face="Times New Roman Star"a:lyn 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"alny 1face="Times New Roman Star"alny 1, alyn-da 3face="Times New Roman Star"aldy, alyn 1face="Times New Roman Star"ha:nl(y), ha:ll 2face="Times New Roman Star"om 1

face="Times New Roman Star"alyn 'face'face="Times New Roman Star"alyn 'face, mountain slope'face="Times New Roman Star"al 1, al-d-y 1face="Times New Roman Star"al-da 3, al-d-y 1face="Times New Roman Star"al-d-y 1face="Times New Roman Star"al, aldy 1face="Times New Roman Star"al, ally 1, al-da 3, al-g|a 4face="Times New Roman Star"anny 2face="Times New Roman Star"al-d-y 1 (K), alyn 1 (T, H)face="Times New Roman Star"al-d-y 1face="Times New Roman Star"aldy- 1face="Times New Roman Star"al 1, al-dan 3face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 121, 147; VEWT 14 (should be distinguished from *al- 'below'), TMN 2, 120, ÝÑÒß 1, 124-125, 146, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 280, Ëåêñèêà 198-199. See EDT 121 commenting on the absence of early attestation of the suffixless form.
face="Times New Roman Star"*(i)a:raface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 space between 2 on one's way, under wayface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïðîìåæóòîê, ïðîñòðàíñòâî ìåæäó 2 â ïóòè, ïî äîðîãåface="Times New Roman Star"ara 1 Orkh., OUygh.face="Times New Roman Star"ara (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"araface="Times New Roman Star"araface="Times New Roman Star"ara (Abush.)face="Times New Roman Star"o|raface="Times New Roman Star"araface="Times New Roman Star"araface="Times New Roman Star"araface="Times New Roman Star"a:ra 1face="Times New Roman Star"araface="Times New Roman Star"araface="Times New Roman Star"araface="Times New Roman Star"ha:ra
face="Times New Roman Star"a:ra 2face="Times New Roman Star"a:ra-k- 'to go away', a:ra:- 'not to reach'face="Times New Roman Star"ara
face="Times New Roman Star"araface="Times New Roman Star"araface="Times New Roman Star"araface="Times New Roman Star"araface="Times New Roman Star"araface="Times New Roman Star"a:raface="Times New Roman Star"araface="Times New Roman Star"ara
face="Times New Roman Star"araface="Times New Roman Star"EDT 196, VEWT 22, TMN 2, 24, ÝÑÒß 1, 162-164, Stachowski 41. Derived is probably *a:ryk 'island; arik, ditch; thicket' id. (VEWT 23, 25, ÝÑÒß 1, 167, 187-188, Ëåêñèêà 95, 110, Stachowski 37).
face="Times New Roman Star"*a:ryface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"wasp, beeface="Times New Roman Star"ï÷åëà, îñà
face="Times New Roman Star"ary (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"ary
face="Times New Roman Star"ary (Sangl., Pav. C., Qutb), aru (AH)face="Times New Roman Star"ari, tukli ari 'humble-bee'face="Times New Roman Star"he|re|
face="Times New Roman Star"aryface="Times New Roman Star"ary, a:ry (ÝÑÒß)face="Times New Roman Star"a:r, tu"ktig a:r 'hornet'
face="Times New Roman Star"aru:face="Times New Roman Star"ha:ryface="Times New Roman Star"t@g@ld-ora 'humble-bee' ? (t@g@l 'shaggy')face="Times New Roman Star"yn|yrya
face="Times New Roman Star"ary, Todzh. hary
face="Times New Roman Star"a:ryface="Times New Roman Star"ara, tu"kti ara 'humble-bee'


face="Times New Roman Star"a:ry
face="Times New Roman Star"he|rre

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 25, EDT 196-197, TMN 2, 47, ÝÑÒß 1, 186-187, Ëåêñèêà 186, Àøì. XV, 23, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 213-214. Turk. > Mong. ari (not vice versa, despite Ùåðáàê 1997, 100).
face="Times New Roman Star"*a:r-tface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 back 2 mountain passface="Times New Roman Star"1 ñïèíà, çàäíÿÿ ñòîðîíà; 2 ïåðåâàëface="Times New Roman Star"art 1, 2 (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"art 1, 2 (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"art (-dy) 1face="Times New Roman Star"art 1face="Times New Roman Star"art 1 (Pav. C.), 2 (Áîð. Áàä.)face="Times New Roman Star"o|rt 1face="Times New Roman Star"art 1face="Times New Roman Star"ard; art 1face="Times New Roman Star"ard 1face="Times New Roman Star"a:rt 1
face="Times New Roman Star"artyg| 'shoal'face="Times New Roman Star"art 1face="Times New Roman Star"ha:rt 1
face="Times New Roman Star"a:rtyk 2
face="Times New Roman Star"a'rt 1face="Times New Roman Star"a'rt 1face="Times New Roman Star"art 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"art 1face="Times New Roman Star"art 1face="Times New Roman Star"art 1face="Times New Roman Star"art 1face="Times New Roman Star"a:rd 1face="Times New Roman Star"art 1face="Times New Roman Star"art 1face="Times New Roman Star"ard/i 1face="Times New Roman Star"art 1face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 200-201, VEWT 26-27, ÝÑÒß 1, 179-180.
face="Times New Roman Star"*a:r/-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to go astray, lose one's way 2 to lose mind, go mad 3 to missface="Times New Roman Star"1 ñáèâàòüñÿ ñ ïóòè 2 ñõîäèòü ñ óìà 3 óïóñêàòü, ïðîìàõèâàòüñÿface="Times New Roman Star"az- 1 (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"az- 1 (MK, IM)face="Times New Roman Star"az- 1face="Times New Roman Star"az- 1face="Times New Roman Star"az- (Sangl., Houts., Pav. C., Qutb) 1face="Times New Roman Star"o|z- 1face="Times New Roman Star"az- 1face="Times New Roman Star"az- 1face="Times New Roman Star"az- 1face="Times New Roman Star"a:z- 1face="Times New Roman Star"as- 1face="Times New Roman Star"as- 1face="Times New Roman Star"as- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ha:z- 1face="Times New Roman Star"or- 2face="Times New Roman Star"a:s- 1, 3
face="Times New Roman Star"as- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"az- 1face="Times New Roman Star"az- 1face="Times New Roman Star"az- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ad|- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"a:z- (Äìèòðèåâ 1955) 1face="Times New Roman Star"az- 1face="Times New Roman Star"az- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 279, VEWT 22, 33, 193, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 283, ÝÑÒß 1, 94-95.
face="Times New Roman Star"*(i)amface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"vulvaface="Times New Roman Star"vulva
face="Times New Roman Star"am (MK - Oghuz, Kypch.)face="Times New Roman Star"amface="Times New Roman Star"am (Áóä. 1, 90)face="Times New Roman Star"(MKypch.) am (CCum., AH, At-Tuhf.)



face="Times New Roman Star"am

face="Times New Roman Star"am (R)face="Times New Roman Star"ha:%m
face="Times New Roman Star"abas 'vulva'; amanax 'fat in the groins of cows, horses'


face="Times New Roman Star"am (R)face="Times New Roman Star"am (R)







face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 18, EDT 155, R 1 643.
face="Times New Roman Star"*egir-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to twist, spinface="Times New Roman Star"êðóòèòü, ïðÿñòü
face="Times New Roman Star"egir- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"ejir-face="Times New Roman Star"ir- (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"egir- (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"jigir-face="Times New Roman Star"jiger-, igir-
face="Times New Roman Star"a"jir-face="Times New Roman Star"egir-face="Times New Roman Star"i:r-face="Times New Roman Star"i:r-, egir-face="Times New Roman Star"ijir-face="Times New Roman Star"ha"jir-face="Times New Roman Star"avúr-la-face="Times New Roman Star"i:r-is- 'ñïóòàòüñÿ î ëåñêàõ'; ieregej 'humming-top'face="Times New Roman Star"ieregej 'drill'face="Times New Roman Star"e:r-
face="Times New Roman Star"ijir-face="Times New Roman Star"ijir-face="Times New Roman Star"ijir-
face="Times New Roman Star"ijir-
face="Times New Roman Star"ijir-face="Times New Roman Star"ijir-face="Times New Roman Star"ig|er-face="Times New Roman Star"ijir-face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 112, ÝÑÒß 1, 227-231, TMN 2, 192, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 27, Stachowski 122. The Chuv. form reflects a partial merger with *ebir- (v. sub *i_a>\pV).
face="Times New Roman Star"*e>lge-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to sift; 2 sieveface="Times New Roman Star"ñèòî, ïðîñåèâàòüface="Times New Roman Star"elge- 1 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"elge- 1 (MK), ele- 1 (IM), elek 2 (IM)face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ile|- 1, ile|k 2face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2 (Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"ela- 1, elak 2face="Times New Roman Star"a"gli- 1, a"lga"k 2
face="Times New Roman Star"a"la"- 1, a"la"k 2face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ilge- 1, ilgek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2face="Times New Roman Star"elge- 1, elgek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ha"jla"- 1, ha"jla"k 2face="Times New Roman Star"alla- 1, alla 2

face="Times New Roman Star"egle- / elge- 1face="Times New Roman Star"elge- 1, elgek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ele-, elge- 1, elek, elgek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ile- 1, ilek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2face="Times New Roman Star"iele- 1, ielek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ele-, o"le- 1, elek, o"lek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2face="Times New Roman Star"elex 2 (ÑÑß 324)face="Times New Roman Star"ele- 1, elek 2face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 143, VEWT 40, ÝÑÒß 1, 261-263, Åãîðîâ 24. The behaviour of the internal cluster is phonetically normal (not on a morphemic boundary). Turk. *elgek > WMong. elgeg, Kalm. elg@g (KW 119, TMN 2, 118, Ùåðáàê 1997, 114).
face="Times New Roman Star"*ek-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to sow 2 to scatterface="Times New Roman Star"1 ñåÿòü 2 ðàçáðàñûâàòüface="Times New Roman Star"ek- (Late OUygh.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"ek- (MK, KB) 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"ek- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ik- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ek- (Abush., Sangl.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"ek- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ek- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"a"k- 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"ek- 1


face="Times New Roman Star"ha"k- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ak- 1



face="Times New Roman Star"ek- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ek- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ek- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ik- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ek- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ek- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ek- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ex- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 100, ÝÑÒß 1, 251-252. Turk. > Hung. eke 'plough' (< *a"ka"g|), see Gombocz 1912.
face="Times New Roman Star"*e:nface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"breadth, widthface="Times New Roman Star"øèðèíà
face="Times New Roman Star"en (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"enface="Times New Roman Star"in|
face="Times New Roman Star"enface="Times New Roman Star"a"n
face="Times New Roman Star"enface="Times New Roman Star"i:nface="Times New Roman Star"in
face="Times New Roman Star"enface="Times New Roman Star"ha"n, ha":nface="Times New Roman Star"anface="Times New Roman Star"ienface="Times New Roman Star"ien

face="Times New Roman Star"enface="Times New Roman Star"enface="Times New Roman Star"enface="Times New Roman Star"in|face="Times New Roman Star"en
face="Times New Roman Star"enface="Times New Roman Star"en
face="Times New Roman Star"enface="Times New Roman Star"EDT 165, VEWT 43, ÝÑÒß 1, 352, Åãîðîâ 26, Stachowski 122.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ebi-s-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to winnow, blowface="Times New Roman Star"âåÿòü
face="Times New Roman Star"evu"s- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"evis-




face="Times New Roman Star"a"s-face="Times New Roman Star"o"vu"s-, o"s-


face="Times New Roman Star"ha"p(i)s-, ha"s-face="Times New Roman Star"avús-













face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 15, VEWT 49, ÝÑÒß 1, 553-554. The form es-, attested already in MK (see EDT 240, ÝÑÒß ibid.) is possibly a contraction of *ebs-.
face="Times New Roman Star"*e:rface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"manface="Times New Roman Star"ìóæ÷èíàface="Times New Roman Star"er (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"er (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"erface="Times New Roman Star"irface="Times New Roman Star"er (Pav. C.)
face="Times New Roman Star"a"rface="Times New Roman Star"jerface="Times New Roman Star"a"r 'husband'face="Times New Roman Star"a":rface="Times New Roman Star"irface="Times New Roman Star"erface="Times New Roman Star"erface="Times New Roman Star"ha"rface="Times New Roman Star"arface="Times New Roman Star"erface="Times New Roman Star"erface="Times New Roman Star"er



face="Times New Roman Star"irface="Times New Roman Star"er
face="Times New Roman Star"erface="Times New Roman Star"er adamface="Times New Roman Star"erface="Times New Roman Star"erface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 46, TMN 2, 178-9, EDT 192, ÝÑÒß 1, 290-291, Ëåêñèêà 303, 561, Åãîðîâ 30, Stachowski 46, 128.
face="Times New Roman Star"*o":r-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to rise 2 up, aboveface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîäíèìàòüñÿ 2 âåðõ, íàâåðõóface="Times New Roman Star"o"r- 1 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"o"r- 1 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"o"r 2, (dial.) o"r- 1face="Times New Roman Star"u"r 2, u"r- 1face="Times New Roman Star"o"r 2 (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"o.r 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"r 2face="Times New Roman Star"u"r 2
face="Times New Roman Star"o":r-


face="Times New Roman Star"ha"r-a"k- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"u"ru"t 'upper part'face="Times New Roman Star"o"ru"t, o"ttu" 'side', o"ru"te 'above'

face="Times New Roman Star"o"r 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"r 2, o"r- 1face="Times New Roman Star"o"r 2face="Times New Roman Star"u"r 2, u"r- 1face="Times New Roman Star"o"r 2

face="Times New Roman Star"o"r 2
face="Times New Roman Star"o"r 2face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 195, VEWT 373, ÝÑÒß 1, 542-544, Stachowsi 200, 253. Cf. also OT o"rgin 'throne' (EDT 225), Chag. o"ru"k 'tent' (ÝÑÒß 1, 546) - which should be kept distinct from the later borrowed (from Mong., see under *o:r/i) o"rge 'tent', see Clark 1977, 142.
face="Times New Roman Star"*e:l/-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to dig 2 to tear, rip open 3 to row 4 to swim 5 to throw awayface="Times New Roman Star"1 êîïàòü 2 ðâàòü 3 ãðåñòè 4 ïëàâàòü 5 âûêèäûâàòü

face="Times New Roman Star"es?- 1face="Times New Roman Star"is?- 2face="Times New Roman Star"es?- 1 (Abush.)


face="Times New Roman Star"es?- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ijs?-gek `oar'face="Times New Roman Star"is- 3

face="Times New Roman Star"ha"s?u"-face="Times New Roman Star"alt- 1face="Times New Roman Star"es-, is- 5
face="Times New Roman Star"es?ti- 4, es?- 3face="Times New Roman Star"es?-, e'hit- 3face="Times New Roman Star"es?- 1








face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 51, EDT 255-6, ÝÑÒß 1, 315-316, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 95. Chuv. is?- 'to row; to swim; to demolish, tear' is evidently borrowed from Tat. (as opposed to the genuine al-t- ). Khal. h- is unclear here (external evidence clearly points to *0-).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Etekface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"lap, edge of clothface="Times New Roman Star"ïîäîë, êðàé îäåæäû
face="Times New Roman Star"etek (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"etekface="Times New Roman Star"ita"kface="Times New Roman Star"etek (Áîð. Áàä., Abush., Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"eta"kface="Times New Roman Star"eta"k
face="Times New Roman Star"a"ta"kface="Times New Roman Star"etekface="Times New Roman Star"idekface="Times New Roman Star"edekface="Times New Roman Star"edekface="Times New Roman Star"ha"ta"k


face="Times New Roman Star"e'dek
face="Times New Roman Star"etekface="Times New Roman Star"etekface="Times New Roman Star"etekface="Times New Roman Star"ita"kface="Times New Roman Star"etekface="Times New Roman Star"ietekface="Times New Roman Star"etekface="Times New Roman Star"etek
face="Times New Roman Star"etekface="Times New Roman Star"EDT 50, VEWT 52, ÝÑÒß 1, 313.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ebface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"houseface="Times New Roman Star"äîìface="Times New Roman Star"eb (Orkh.), ev (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ev (MK), o"v (KB)face="Times New Roman Star"evface="Times New Roman Star"o"jface="Times New Roman Star"o"j (Pav. C., Áîð. Áàä.)face="Times New Roman Star"ujface="Times New Roman Star"o"jface="Times New Roman Star"ju"face="Times New Roman Star"evface="Times New Roman Star"o"jface="Times New Roman Star"ibface="Times New Roman Star"em, (Kond.) u"jface="Times New Roman Star"u"jface="Times New Roman Star"ha"`vface="Times New Roman Star"av-la-n- 'to marry'

face="Times New Roman Star"o"gface="Times New Roman Star"o"g|face="Times New Roman Star"u"jface="Times New Roman Star"u"jface="Times New Roman Star"u"jface="Times New Roman Star"u"jface="Times New Roman Star"u"jface="Times New Roman Star"jevface="Times New Roman Star"u"jface="Times New Roman Star"u"j
face="Times New Roman Star"u"jface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 34, EDT 3-4, ÝÑÒß 1, 287-288, 513-514, Åãîðîâ 21, Ëåêñèêà 500. The word for 'woman' in some languages goes back to PT *eb-c?i ("housewife"), see EDT 6; borrowed in Mong. as ebsi 'female of a big bear', see Clark 1980, 43).
face="Times New Roman Star"*o":lface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 moist, wet 2 marshface="Times New Roman Star"1 âëàæíûé 2 áîëîòîface="Times New Roman Star"o"l (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"o"l (MK, KB) 1face="Times New Roman Star"o"l 1, Osm. o"l 'pool'
face="Times New Roman Star"o"l (Pav. C.) 2, (Sangl.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"hu.l 1face="Times New Roman Star"ho"l 'damp, moist'

face="Times New Roman Star"o":l, dial. ho":l 1face="Times New Roman Star"o"l 1face="Times New Roman Star"u":l 1face="Times New Roman Star"u"l 1face="Times New Roman Star"he:^.l, he:.lface="Times New Roman Star"vil@ 1face="Times New Roman Star"u"o"l 1
face="Times New Roman Star"o"l 1face="Times New Roman Star"o"l 1face="Times New Roman Star"o"l 1





face="Times New Roman Star"ho"l 1

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 371, Åãîðîâ 54, ÝÑÒß 1, 524-525, TMN 2, 161-2. The common Turk. derivative *o"len| (ÝÑÒß 1, 527-528, Ëåêñèêà 119) means 'rich grass' (hence Chuv. valem; > MMong. olan|, olen| (SH), WMong. o"lu"n|, Kalm. o"ln|, see KW 295, TMN 2, 161, Ùåðáàê 1997, 165, 197).
face="Times New Roman Star"*o":c?face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"revenge, angerface="Times New Roman Star"ìåñòü, ãíåâface="Times New Roman Star"o"c? (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"o"c? (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"o"c?face="Times New Roman Star"u"c?face="Times New Roman Star"o"c? (AH), o"z?| (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"o.c?face="Times New Roman Star"o"c?
face="Times New Roman Star"o"z?|face="Times New Roman Star"o":c?face="Times New Roman Star"u"s
face="Times New Roman Star"o"c?face="Times New Roman Star"he:^.z?|a"s?-face="Times New Roman Star"v@w|z?|@w|face="Times New Roman Star"o"sface="Times New Roman Star"o"sto":k 'enemy'face="Times New Roman Star"o"s?
face="Times New Roman Star"o"c?face="Times New Roman Star"o"s?face="Times New Roman Star"o"s?face="Times New Roman Star"u"sface="Times New Roman Star"o"c?
face="Times New Roman Star"o"c?face="Times New Roman Star"o"s?
face="Times New Roman Star"o"c?face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 18, ÝÑÒß 1, 558-559, Ìóäðàê 54, EDT 18, TMN 2, 134, Stachowski 201. Turk. > MMong. (MA) o"c? (see Clark 1980, 52; but not > o"s, see s.v. *o>\se!).
face="Times New Roman Star"*o"c?-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to extinguish, go out (of fire)face="Times New Roman Star"ãàñíóòüface="Times New Roman Star"o"c?- (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"o"c?- (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"dial. o"c?-face="Times New Roman Star"u"c?-face="Times New Roman Star"o"c?- (Sangl., Pav. C., Abush.)face="Times New Roman Star"u.c?-face="Times New Roman Star"o"c?-

face="Times New Roman Star"o"c?-face="Times New Roman Star"Sag., Koib. o"s-face="Times New Roman Star"o"c?-face="Times New Roman Star"o"c?-face="Times New Roman Star"hic?-
face="Times New Roman Star"o"s-
face="Times New Roman Star"o"s?-
face="Times New Roman Star"o"c?-face="Times New Roman Star"o"s?-

face="Times New Roman Star"o"c?u"l-

face="Times New Roman Star"o"s?-

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 368, EDT 19-20, ÝÑÒß 1, 559-560.
face="Times New Roman Star"*e:.dil/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"vesselface="Times New Roman Star"ñîñóäface="Times New Roman Star"edis? (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ed/d|is? (MK), ijis? (IM)

face="Times New Roman Star"edis? (Abush., Sangl.), id|is? (Qutb)



face="Times New Roman Star"i:dis? (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"dial. edis

face="Times New Roman Star"hidi:.s?
face="Times New Roman Star"ihit
face="Times New Roman Star"idis?face="Times New Roman Star"idis?face="Times New Roman Star"idis?face="Times New Roman Star"ydys




face="Times New Roman Star"ydys

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 36, EDT 72, ÝÑÒß 1, 328-329. Turk. > Mong. idis? (see Ùåðáàê 1997, 119). Yak. ihit < isit < itis; most of the other modern forms are probably backloans < Mong.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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