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▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Commentsface="Times New Roman Star"*a.gur/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"colostrum face="Times New Roman Star"ìîëîçèâî face="Times New Roman Star"ag|uz (MK ), og|uz (Tefs. ) face="Times New Roman Star"ayz su"tu", dial. a:z, ag|uz face="Times New Roman Star"ug|yz face="Times New Roman Star"ag|uz (Sangl. , Pav. C. , IM ) face="Times New Roman Star"o|g|iz face="Times New Roman Star"og|uz face="Times New Roman Star"ovuz face="Times New Roman Star"o:s face="Times New Roman Star"yrri (3Sg.) face="Times New Roman Star"uosax face="Times New Roman Star"a:-zy (contamination with 3d p. poss.) face="Times New Roman Star"u:z face="Times New Roman Star"uwyz face="Times New Roman Star"uwyz face="Times New Roman Star"ywyd| face="Times New Roman Star"uwuz face="Times New Roman Star"uwyz face="Times New Roman Star"uwuz face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 405-407, EDT 98, Åãîðîâ 344. face="Times New Roman Star"*a.ry- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 clean, pure, to be clean 2 to clean, purify face="Times New Roman Star"1 ÷èñòûé, áûòü ÷èñòûì 2 ÷èñòèòü face="Times New Roman Star"aryg| (Orkh.), ary-, aryg| (OUygh.) 1, aryt- (OUygh.) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ary-, aryg| (MK , KB ) 1, aryt- (MK , KB ) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ary 1, art- 2, Osm. aryt- 'to wipe' face="Times New Roman Star"aru 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ary- (Abush. ), aryg| (Abush. , Sangl. , Qutb ), ary (Pav. C. ) 1, aryt- (Sangl. , Qutb ) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"dial. ari- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"eriq 1 face="Times New Roman Star"aryg| 1 face="Times New Roman Star"dial. ary 1, aryt- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"aryG 1, art- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"aryg| 1 face="Times New Roman Star"aru 1 face="Times New Roman Star"aryg| 1, arut- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"yrú 'good', irt- 'ïåðåáèðàòü ÿãîäû, î÷èùàòü äåðåâî îò ñó÷üåâ' face="Times New Roman Star"yra:s 1, yryt- 'ïåðåáèðàòü ÿãîäû' face="Times New Roman Star"yras 1 face="Times New Roman Star"aryg| 1, aryt- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"aru: 1 face="Times New Roman Star"aru 1 face="Times New Roman Star"aryw 1 face="Times New Roman Star"aryw 1 face="Times New Roman Star"aruw 1 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 198, 213, VEWT 27, ÝÑÒß 1, 184-186, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 182, Stachowski 261. face="Times New Roman Star"*ogul face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"son face="Times New Roman Star"ñûí face="Times New Roman Star"og|ul (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"og|ul (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"oul face="Times New Roman Star"u>l face="Times New Roman Star"og|ul (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"o.g|il face="Times New Roman Star"og|ul face="Times New Roman Star"og|ul face="Times New Roman Star"og|ul face="Times New Roman Star"og|ul face="Times New Roman Star"og|yl, o:l face="Times New Roman Star"o:l, u:l face="Times New Roman Star"yvúl face="Times New Roman Star"uol face="Times New Roman Star"uol face="Times New Roman Star"o:l face="Times New Roman Star"o:l face="Times New Roman Star"u:l face="Times New Roman Star"u>l face="Times New Roman Star"uwyl face="Times New Roman Star"u>l face="Times New Roman Star"o:l face="Times New Roman Star"ovul face="Times New Roman Star"ul face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 83-84, VEWT 358, TMN 2, 81, ÝÑÒß 1, 411-412, 414-417, Ëåêñèêà 313-314, 323, 429-430, Åãîðîâ 341, Stachowski 243-244. Derived are: *ogul/ 'kin, generation', *oglak 'kid' (ÝÑÒß 1, 404-405) etc. (ibid.) face="Times New Roman Star"*obu-ra- / *obu-n- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to wear out (intr.), decay 2 to cease, stop 3 to tire 4 to be destroyed face="Times New Roman Star"1 èçíàøèâàòüñÿ, ñòàðåòü 2 ïðåêðàùàòüñÿ 3 óñòàâàòü 4 ðàçâàëèòüñÿ, ðàçðóøèòüñÿ face="Times New Roman Star"uwa-l-, wa-l- 1, 3, 4 (dial., ÒÒÄÑ 112, 451) face="Times New Roman Star"u:ra- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"u:ra- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"yvún- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"u:raj- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ura- 4 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 356, 515. Kalm. o:r- 'to fall apart, become spoiled' may be < Turkic, but the immediate source is unclear (Tat.?). The Chuv. form may be a dialectal variant of ylún-, see Åãîðîâ 342, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 468. face="Times New Roman Star"*a.buc? face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"handful face="Times New Roman Star"ïðèãîðøíÿ face="Times New Roman Star"avut (MK ), avut-c?a, avuc?-c?a (KB ), avuc? (Tefs. ) face="Times New Roman Star"avuc? face="Times New Roman Star"uc? face="Times New Roman Star"avuc? (MA , Sangl. , Áîð. Áàä. ) face="Times New Roman Star"xo|wuc? face="Times New Roman Star"oc? face="Times New Roman Star"os? face="Times New Roman Star"ovuc? face="Times New Roman Star"ovuc?, jan-avuc? face="Times New Roman Star"o:s face="Times New Roman Star"os? face="Times New Roman Star"u:s? face="Times New Roman Star"yvús/ face="Times New Roman Star"u:c? face="Times New Roman Star"uwys face="Times New Roman Star"uvys face="Times New Roman Star"us face="Times New Roman Star"uwuc? face="Times New Roman Star"auc? face="Times New Roman Star"avuc?, uvuc?, uvuc face="Times New Roman Star"uwys face="Times New Roman Star"uz?| face="Times New Roman Star"uvuc? face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 44, VEWT 3, ÝÑÒß 1, 409-410, Åãîðîâ 342, Äûáî 179-181, Ëåêñèêà 25-253. Turk. > MMong. a'uc? id. (Ùåðáàê 1997 , 103). face="Times New Roman Star"*a.t- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to throw, shoot face="Times New Roman Star"áðîñàòü, ñòðåëÿòü face="Times New Roman Star"at- (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"at- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"at- face="Times New Roman Star"at- face="Times New Roman Star"at- (Abush. , Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"o|t- face="Times New Roman Star"at- face="Times New Roman Star"at- face="Times New Roman Star"at- face="Times New Roman Star"at- face="Times New Roman Star"at- face="Times New Roman Star"at- face="Times New Roman Star"at- face="Times New Roman Star"hat- face="Times New Roman Star"yvút-, dial. ut- face="Times New Roman Star"yt- face="Times New Roman Star"yt- face="Times New Roman Star"at- face="Times New Roman Star"at- face="Times New Roman Star"at- face="Times New Roman Star"at- face="Times New Roman Star"at- face="Times New Roman Star"at- face="Times New Roman Star"at- face="Times New Roman Star"at- face="Times New Roman Star"at- face="Times New Roman Star"at- face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 36, VEWT 31, ÝÑÒß 1, 199-200, 203, 204, Åãîðîâ 342, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 469, Stachowski 262. face="Times New Roman Star"*(j)e:p- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 be on one's way 2 send face="Times New Roman Star"1 áûòü â ïóòè 2 ïîñûëàòü face="Times New Roman Star"z?ibe|r- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ibe|r-, jubo|r- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ebe|r- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"i:ber- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jabal- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"i:p- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?|iber- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"z?iber- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jiber- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jebe|r- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jeber- face="Times New Roman Star"z?iber- face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 322-324, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 198. The explanation < *y:d-bar- 'lead and take' is clearly unsatisfactory. face="Times New Roman Star"*e:l face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 peace 2 people, country face="Times New Roman Star"1 ìèð 2 íàðîä, ñòðàíà face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"el 1, 2 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"il, el 2 face="Times New Roman Star"il 2 face="Times New Roman Star"il (AH ), el (Abush. , Pav. C. ) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 face="Times New Roman Star"il, a"l 2 face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 face="Times New Roman Star"i:l 2 face="Times New Roman Star"il 2 face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jal 2 face="Times New Roman Star"il 2 face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 face="Times New Roman Star"il 2 face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 face="Times New Roman Star"iel 2 face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 121-122, VEWT 39, TMN 2, 194, ÝÑÒß 1, 339-343, Åãîðîâ 352, Ëåêñèêà 316. The meaning "peace" attested in MK is probably the most archaic (cf. the external parallels; typologically cf. also Slavic *mirú 'peace' > 'world'), suggesting a development *'peace' > 'peaceful people, realm, country'. face="Times New Roman Star"*a:t face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"name face="Times New Roman Star"èìÿ face="Times New Roman Star"at (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"at (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"ad face="Times New Roman Star"at face="Times New Roman Star"at (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"o|t, dial. (Namangan) a"t face="Times New Roman Star"at face="Times New Roman Star"at face="Times New Roman Star"ad face="Times New Roman Star"a:t face="Times New Roman Star"at face="Times New Roman Star"at face="Times New Roman Star"at face="Times New Roman Star"a:t face="Times New Roman Star"jat face="Times New Roman Star"a:t face="Times New Roman Star"a:t face="Times New Roman Star"at face="Times New Roman Star"at, (ady) face="Times New Roman Star"at face="Times New Roman Star"at face="Times New Roman Star"at face="Times New Roman Star"at face="Times New Roman Star"at face="Times New Roman Star"a:t face="Times New Roman Star"ad face="Times New Roman Star"at face="Times New Roman Star"a:t face="Times New Roman Star"at face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 30-1, EDT 32-3, ÝÑÒß 1, 198-199, Åãîðîâ 355, Stachowski 41-42. face="Times New Roman Star"*Eder- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to follow face="Times New Roman Star"ñëåäîâàòü face="Times New Roman Star"eder- (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"ed|er- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"ija"r- face="Times New Roman Star"eja"r- (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"ezer- face="Times New Roman Star"ejer- face="Times New Roman Star"izert- face="Times New Roman Star"jer- face="Times New Roman Star"eder- face="Times New Roman Star"ijer- face="Times New Roman Star"i>ja"r- face="Times New Roman Star"ijer- face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 67, VEWT 36, ÝÑÒß 1, 242-245, Åãîðîâ 61-62. face="Times New Roman Star"*e.l-t-, -c?- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to bring, carry 2 to lead, drive, send face="Times New Roman Star"1 íåñòè 2 âåñòè, ïîñûëàòü face="Times New Roman Star"elt- (Orkh., OUygh.) 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"elt-, elet- (MK ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ilet- 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ilt- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"elt- (Houts. ) 2, ilet- (Pav. C. ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"elt- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ilt- (dial.) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"elt- 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"elt- 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jes/- , les/- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ilt- 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ilt- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"elt- 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"elt- 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"elt- 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 132, VEWT 41, ÝÑÒß 1, 267-269, Stachowski 125, 126. Turk. > Mong. elde-, Kalm. eld@- (KW 119). face="Times New Roman Star"*ijik face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"spindle face="Times New Roman Star"âåðåòåíî face="Times New Roman Star"ik, jik, ijik (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"ig|, ij, iji face="Times New Roman Star"ik (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"ik, jik, z?|ik face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ik face="Times New Roman Star"ij face="Times New Roman Star"i:k face="Times New Roman Star"i:k face="Times New Roman Star"i:k, ijik face="Times New Roman Star"j@ge face="Times New Roman Star"ijik face="Times New Roman Star"i: face="Times New Roman Star"ijik face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 170, EDT 99, ÝÑÒß 1, 336-337, Åãîðîâ 77. Az., Turk., Gag. have a secondary voicing due to early contraction *-iji- > *-i:-. Turk. > Mong. ig 'spindle' (Ùåðáàê 1997 , 123); the derivative *ijik-lig (Chag. iklig| 'violin', cf. Khak. i:k id. (see VEWT 179) > Kalm. ik@l/@ (KW 206). face="Times New Roman Star"*e:.ke- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to file 2 file (n.) face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïèëèòü, îáòà÷èâàòü 2 íàïèëüíèê face="Times New Roman Star"ike- ( ? ege-) 1 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"eje 2 face="Times New Roman Star"iga"- 1, iga"w 2 face="Times New Roman Star"eka"k 2 (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"ego|w 2 face="Times New Roman Star"eka"k, iga"k 2 face="Times New Roman Star"a"ja" 2 face="Times New Roman Star"i:ge 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ige- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ege- 1, egu" 2 face="Times New Roman Star"j@gev 'whetstone' face="Times New Roman Star"igi: 2 face="Times New Roman Star"igi: 2 face="Times New Roman Star"eg|e-, o"g|e- 1, eg|e: 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ege-, o"go"- 1, ego":, o"go": 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ege- 1, egew 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ege- 1, egew 2 face="Times New Roman Star"iga"- 1, iga"w 2 face="Times New Roman Star"egew 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ija 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ege, egew 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ege- 1, egew 2 face="Times New Roman Star"egew 2 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 101, VEWT 38, ÝÑÒß 1, 326-328, TMN 2, 93, Åãîðîâ 77, Ëåêñèêà 399, Stachowski 123. face="Times New Roman Star"*ek-l/c?i- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 sour, acid, bitter 2 to be sour, bitter face="Times New Roman Star"1 êèñëûé, ãîðüêèé 2 áûòü êèñëûì, ãîðüêèì face="Times New Roman Star"eks?ig (MK ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"eks?i 1, eks?i- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"eks?i 1, eks?i- 2 (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"a"ks?i 1 face="Times New Roman Star"egs?it- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"j@ksu" ( < *j@ks/u") 1 face="Times New Roman Star"i:s?i 1, i:s?i- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"eks?i 1, eks?i- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 118, ÝÑÒß 1, 259-260, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 199. face="Times New Roman Star"*e>.dn|e-r face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"saddle face="Times New Roman Star"ñåäëî face="Times New Roman Star"ed|er (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"eyer face="Times New Roman Star"ije|r face="Times New Roman Star"e.ger face="Times New Roman Star"egar face="Times New Roman Star"eg@(r) face="Times New Roman Star"ezer face="Times New Roman Star"ja"ha"r face="Times New Roman Star"ejer face="Times New Roman Star"izer face="Times New Roman Star"ezer face="Times New Roman Star"e:r face="Times New Roman Star"j@ner face="Times New Roman Star"yn|y:r face="Times New Roman Star"yn|y:r face="Times New Roman Star"ezer face="Times New Roman Star"e'zer (Ðàñ. ÔèË 183) face="Times New Roman Star"e:r face="Times New Roman Star"er face="Times New Roman Star"ijer face="Times New Roman Star"eja"r face="Times New Roman Star"ijer face="Times New Roman Star"je:r face="Times New Roman Star"jer face="Times New Roman Star"jer face="Times New Roman Star"en|er (Kakuk ) face="Times New Roman Star"er face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 63, VEWT 36, ÝÑÒß 1, 241-242, 658-659, Ëåêñèêà 539, Stachowski 261. Reflexes of the cluster are complicated by borrowings: e.g. Tuva, Tof. is < Khak. Turk. *edn|er-c?ak 'pack saddle' > MMong. in|g|irc?aq, WMong. jan|g|irc?aq id. (TMN 2, 128-129, Ùåðáàê 1997 , 164, Àíèêèí 88). face="Times New Roman Star"*i:jn face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"hollow, pit, lair face="Times New Roman Star"áåðëîãà, ÿìà face="Times New Roman Star"in (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"in, jin (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"hi:n face="Times New Roman Star"hi:.n face="Times New Roman Star"j@n@ face="Times New Roman Star"i:n face="Times New Roman Star"i:n face="Times New Roman Star"ijin face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 166, VEWT 172, Åãîðîâ 79, Stachowski 131. face="Times New Roman Star"*Ky:n face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"sheath, scabbard face="Times New Roman Star"íîæíû, ÷åõîë face="Times New Roman Star"qyn (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"kyn face="Times New Roman Star"qyn face="Times New Roman Star"qyn (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"qin, (Khorazm dial.) qyjn face="Times New Roman Star"qin face="Times New Roman Star"qyn (ßÆÓ ) face="Times New Roman Star"Gyn face="Times New Roman Star"Gy:n face="Times New Roman Star"xyn face="Times New Roman Star"qyn face="Times New Roman Star"qyn face="Times New Roman Star"j@n@, dial. @n@ face="Times New Roman Star"ky:n face="Times New Roman Star"xyn face="Times New Roman Star"qyn face="Times New Roman Star"qyn face="Times New Roman Star"qyn face="Times New Roman Star"qyn face="Times New Roman Star"qyn face="Times New Roman Star"qyn face="Times New Roman Star"qyn face="Times New Roman Star"qyn face="Times New Roman Star"qyn face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 264, EDT 630-631, Åãîðîâ 79, Ëåêñèêà 571, ÝÑÒß 6, 217-218. face="Times New Roman Star"*i:r/ / *y:r/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 trace 2 furrow face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñëåä 2 áîðîçäà, ìåæà face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1 (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1 face="Times New Roman Star"i>z 1, yzan 2 face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1 (Áîð. Áàä. , Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1 face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1 face="Times New Roman Star"is 1 face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1 face="Times New Roman Star"y:z 1 face="Times New Roman Star"i>s 1 face="Times New Roman Star"is 1 face="Times New Roman Star"j@r 1, júran 2 face="Times New Roman Star"is 1 face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1 face="Times New Roman Star"i>z 1 face="Times New Roman Star"yz 1, yzan 2 face="Times New Roman Star"i>d| 1, yd|an 2 face="Times New Roman Star"yz 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jiz 1 face="Times New Roman Star"iz, yz 1 face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1 face="Times New Roman Star"hyzan 2 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 277, ÝÑÒß 1, 383-385, 646, 647, VEWT 175, Åãîðîâ 79, 75. There exists a verbal derivative *i:r/-te- 'to follow one's tracks', attested as iste- as early as in OUygh. (see EDT 243) and in many modern languages (see ÝÑÒß 1, 383); but simultaneously there is a variant *i:r-te- (with *-r/- > -r- according to Helimski's rule), attested already in MK (see EDT 208) and in Yak., Dolg. irde:-, see Stachowski 128. face="Times New Roman Star"*i:r- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"shame, be ashamed, frighten away face="Times New Roman Star"ñòûä, ñòûäèòüñÿ, îòïóãèâàòü face="Times New Roman Star"ir-, iril- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"i:r- face="Times New Roman Star"ir@k- 'to languish, be bored' face="Times New Roman Star"j@r@n- face="Times New Roman Star"i:r- 'to rave, become crazy' face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 192, VEWT 173, (incorrect in) Åãîðîâ 80. face="Times New Roman Star"*yduk face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"sacred face="Times New Roman Star"ñâÿùåííûé face="Times New Roman Star"yduq (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"yd|uq (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"yzyx face="Times New Roman Star"yjyq, ijik face="Times New Roman Star"j@r@x face="Times New Roman Star"ytyq face="Times New Roman Star"ydyq face="Times New Roman Star"yjyq face="Times New Roman Star"yjyq face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 46, ÝÑÒß 1, 649-650, Åãîðîâ 80, Ôåäîòîâ 199, TMN 230-231 (most sources give a dubious inner Turkic derivation < *yd- 'to send', based on the old gloss in MK - most probably a folk etymology).
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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