Fischer 1985: 15. A quantitative word, to which the subjectival concord is prefixed (cf. um=ntu w=ɔnkɛ 'all men', aba=ntub=ɔnkɛ 'all people'). Distinct from the adverbial kwapʰɛla 'all' = 'quite, entirely'. Quoted as =ɔ́ŋkɛ̀ in [Donnelly 2007: 1044].
Number:2
Word:ashes
Xhosa:u=tʰutʰu [uthuthu]1
Fischer 1985: 31. No plural form. Class 11 (6). Secondary synonym: i=šɔǀǀa [ibid.] (a rare word with unclear semantics). Distinguished also from u=vundu 'hot ashes'.
Number:3
Word:bark
Xhosa:i=ǀǀɔlɔ [ixolo]1
Fischer 1985: 45. General meaning of the word is 'cover, shell, skin', etc.; the more specialized meaning 'tree bark' may be expressed by the concatenation i=ǀǀɔlɔlɔ=m=tʰi 'cover of tree' (see under 'tree').
Number:4
Word:belly
Xhosa:isi=su1
Fischer 1985: 52. Class 7 (4). Quoted as ìsí=sù in [Donnelly 2007: 1044].
Number:5
Word:big
Xhosa:=kʰulu [-khulu]1
Fischer 1985: 55. Quoted as =kʰúlù in [Donnelly 2007: 1044].
Number:6
Word:bird
Xhosa:in=taka1
Fischer 1985: 56. Plural form: iːn=taka. Class 9/10 (5). Quoted as ín=tàkà in [Donnelly 2007: 1044].
Number:7
Word:bite
Xhosa:=lum-a1
Fischer 1985: 56. Quoted as =lûm-à ~ =lúm-à in [Donnelly 2007: 1044].
Number:8
Word:black
Xhosa:=mɲam-a [-mnyama]1
Fischer 1985: 57. Quoted as =mɲám-à in [Donnelly 2007: 1045].
Number:9
Word:blood
Xhosa:i=gazi1
Fischer 1985: 59. Plural form: ama=gazi. Class 5/6 (3). Quoted as í=gàzì in [Donnelly 2007: 1045].
Number:10
Word:bone
Xhosa:i=tʰambɔ [ithambo]1
Fischer 1985: 63. Plural form: ama=tʰambɔ. Class 5/6 (3). Quoted as î=tʰâmbɔ̀ in [Donnelly 2007: 1045].
Number:11
Word:breast
Xhosa:isi=fuba1
Fischer 1985: 69. Class 7 (4). Distinct from i=bɛlɛ 'female breast' [ibid.].
Number:12
Word:burn tr.
Xhosa:=čʰ=is-a [-tshisa]1
Fischer 1985: 75. The transitive stem is formed from the intransitive =č-a 'to burn' with the productive suffix -is-. The intransitive verb is quoted as =čʰ-á in [Donnelly 2007: 1045].
Number:13
Word:claw(nail)
Xhosa:u=zipʰɔ [uzipho]1
Fischer 1985: 397. Plural form: iːn=zipʰɔ. Class 11/10 (6). Quoted as (l)ú=zìpʰɔ̀ ~ (l)í=zìpʰɔ̀, pl. íːn=zìpʰɔ̀ in [Donnelly 2007: 1048].
Number:14
Word:cloud
Xhosa:ili=fu1
Fischer 1985: 102. Class 5 (3). Quoted as ílí=fù in [Donnelly 2007: 1045].
Number:15
Word:cold
Xhosa:=band-a1
Fischer 1985: 105. Secondary synonym: =tʰɛǀɛkɛ [ibid.]. Quoted as =bánd-à in [Donnelly 2007: 1045].
Number:16
Word:come
Xhosa:=z-a1
Fischer 1985: 107. Quoted as =(i)zà in [Donnelly 2007: 1045].
Number:17
Word:die
Xhosa:=bub-a1
Fischer 1985: 158. Secondary synonym: =f-a [ibid.] (this verb is more archaic and used much more rarely than =bub-a; the root is more properly preserved in the derived nominal uku=fa 'death'). Only the more archaic verb is quoted as =fá in [Donnelly 2007: 1045].
Number:18
Word:dog
Xhosa:in=ǯa [inja]1
Fischer 1985: 170. Plural form: izin=ǯa. Class 9/10 (5). Quoted as ín=ǯà in [Donnelly 2007: 1045].
Number:19
Word:drink
Xhosa:=sɛl-a [-sela]1
Fischer 1985: 175. Quoted as =sɛ́l-à in [Donnelly 2007: 1045].
Number:20
Word:dry
Xhosa:=ɔm-ilɛ [-omile]1
Fischer 1985: 177. Derived from the verb =om-a 'to be dry'. Quoted as =ɔ̂m-à ~ =ɔ̀m-á in [Donnelly 2007: 1045].
