Комментарии:A Tamil-Tulu isogloss displaying typical "botanic correspondences" (i. e. strange dialectal irregularities). Tulu e- obviously has to do with -i- in the second syllable, but the very development *-i- > -0- in a three (if not four)-syllable-long word is quite exceptional.
Каннада значение:the state of being fit, agreeableness, beauty
Каннада производные:aḍavu suitableness, properness, proper way, the state of being sufficient; aṭṭu fitting, being becoming or proper; ? (Hav.) eḍi to be able to do
Комментарии:The origin of forms like Tam. aṭai-vu is unclear (a different verbal stem *aḍai-, not preserved by itself?). Tamil aṇṭu hardly belongs here; no other Dravidian language has a nasal in this root, so it may have been a secondary contamination with *aṇai- "to approach, come near".
Номер по DED:0078
Праюжно-дравидийский:*adu-
Значение:to be perplexed
Каннада:aduhu
Каннада значение:to be perplexed, suffer doubt, become suspicious
Комментарии:The only known outside parallels are found in Kui-Kuwi (PKK *ada-).
Тамильские производные:āṭu killing, ruining, victory; aṭi (-pp-, -tt-) to beat, strike, dash against, strike, defeat, overcome, slay, punish; n. blow, stroke; aṭar (-v-, -nt-) to beat, strike, mould by beating; (-pp-, -tt-) to attack, kill, destroy; n. troubling, oppressing; thin flat plate of metal, esp. gold; aṭal killing, murdering; aṭalai battle, trouble, distress; (PR) aṭarppu attack
Малаялам:aṭi
Малаяльское значение:blow, stroke
Малаяльские производные:aṭikka to beat, strike; aṭippu printing, stamping, coining; aṭiccal beating; aṭal a fight; aṭalār enemies; aṭar war; aṭanta a mode of beating time in music
Каннада:aḍacu
Каннада значение:to rap, cuff
Каннада производные:aḍar to pounce upon, rush at (as dogs, etc., do); aḍaru an attack; aḍi beating, a blow; aḍe to strike or throw with finger; aṇe to strike, push, drive; to strike or propel with the fingers
Кодагу:aḍi- (aḍip-, aḍic-)
Кодагу значение:(lightning) strikes (song word)
Тулу:aḍikai
Тулу значение:defeated, vanquished
Тулу производные:aṇepuni to push, strike against; darpuni to thrash, beat, strike, break; dartele, darpele a striker, breaker; dartelụ breakage, what is broken
Тамильское значение:to be next, near, approach, come in contact with, seek protection; to join (tr.), join together; to happen, occur
Тамильские производные:aṭai (-v-, -nt-) to reach, arrive at, take refuge in, go to roost, sit on eggs as a hen, obtain, get, enjoy; (-pp-, -tt-) to lease, entrust, bestow; n. joining, delivering, conveying, resort, refuge, deposit, incubation; aṭaippu lease; aṭaivu pledge, help, aid, refuge, perching place for birds; aṭaikkalam refuge, shelter, deposit; aṭaku, aṭaimān_am pledge, property mortgaged; aṭaiyal reaching; aṭaiccu (aṭaicci-) to put, place, insert (as flowers in the hair); aṭaicu (aṭaici-) to be joined, placed; aṭṭu (aṭṭi-) to put, place, put on
Малаялам:aṭuka (aṭṭu)
Малаяльское значение:to come into contact, come to be close upon
Малаяльские производные:aṭukka to come nigh, approach, close; aṭuppikka to bring near; aṭuppam, aṭuppu nearness; aṭakkaḷam shelter; aṭayuka to get into, come into possession, obtain; aṭekka to take in, receive, collect, pay in; aṭakkam possession, enjoyment; aṭa incubation; bail, pledge; shelter, refuge; aṭavu money that has come to hand; aṭamānam a pawn, mortgage
Каннада:aḍar
Каннада значение:to be united or joined with, arise, come, appear
Каннада производные:aḍarcu to bring together, set in readiness, prepare; aḍasu to join, be joined with, unite with, be near to, associate oneself to; aḍe to obtain, get; n. trust; aḍavu, aḍapu pawn, pledge, deposit, mortgage; aṭṭu to be within reach, keep close to, follow, run after, pursue; to put; n. closeness, pursuing, putting, placing
Кодагу:aḍɨ- (aḍɨp-, aḍɨt-)
Кодагу значение:to approach
Тулу:aḍavu, aḍāvu
Тулу значение:mortgage, pledge
Тулу производные:aḍepuni, aḍevuni to roost, perch; aṭṭuni to put
Тамильское значение:to grind, rub in the hand, press softly as fruit, cram in the mouth as betel, subdue, subject, control
Тамильские производные:atavu to kill, attack; atuŋku (atuŋki-) to be forced out or in by pressure, be stuffed in, compressed; atukku (atukki-) to press with fingers (as a ripe fruit or boil), squeeze, pinch (as the stomach in grief), bite (as one's lips), chew, stuff into the mouth; n. state of being pressed in (as of parts of a vessel); atukkam reduced condition (as of a boil)
Малаялам:atakkuka
Малаяльское значение:to cram down, turn betel in the mouth
Каннада значение:to press, compress, squeeze, cram; to be depressed, bruised (as a metal vessel)
Каннада производные:adakisu, adugisu, adumisu to cause to press, etc.; adaku a bruise in a metal vessel; adugu to be mollified by being pressed with the fingers; adugisu to mollify by pressing
Комментарии:The presence of an inlaut *-m- in this root is well confirmed by external data. We have, therefore, to regard Kannaḍa forms like adamu, adimu, adumu as the most archaic, despite the confusing mixture of dialectal forms. In Tamil a form like *atumu would be impossible since -umu can only be found after resonants (cf. ur_umu, kuẓumu etc.); it is possible that Kan. adumu = Tam. atavu, with secondary loss of nasalisation in Tamil (although the 2nd syllable vowel is still irregular). However, the original *atum- may have yielded atuŋ- when combined with the intransitive suffix: *atum- + *-ŋ- > atuŋku, and atukk- when combined with the corresponding transitive suffix. The form atakku is then either dialectal or due to contamination with aṭakku 'control, repress, conceal' (cf. the spectrum of meanings).
Тамильское значение:inside, house, place, agricultural tract, breast, mind
Тамильские производные:akattān_ one who is in, householder; ōr-akatti, ōr-akattāḷ husband's brother's wife [i. e. she who is in one and the same house with oneself]; akakkāẓ, akaŋkāẓ heart of a tree; akaŋkai, aŋkai palm of the hand; aka-ppaṭu to be included, be obtained; akaṭu interior, belly, middle, impartiality; akaṇi inside, interior, agricultural tract; akappu depth; akampu inside; akal inner part of town or village; akavai inside, age within a certain limit; a locative ending; akalam breast; ākam body, breast, mind, heart
Малаялам:akam
Малаяльское значение:inside, abode, house, room
Малаяльские производные:akattu within, in the house; akattān master of the house; akattāḷ mistress of the house; akattōn indoor servant; fem. akattōḷ; akaŋkai palm of hand; akaŋkāl sole of foot; akā, akāyi inside of house, room; akaṭu, akiṭu udder; aka-ppeṭuka, āppeṭuka to get into, be caught, befall; aka-ppeṭukka to catch
Каннада:aŋ-gāl
Каннада значение:sole of the foot
Каннада производные:ōragitti, vāragitti husband's brother's wife; aŋ-gey palm of the hand; āge, āga in, into
Тамильское значение:to utter a sound as a peacock, sing, dance as a peacock, call, summon
Тамильские производные:akavar bards who arouse the king in the morning; akaval calling, addressing, screech of a peacock, high tone, n. of a metre; akavalan_ bard of the Pāṇar caste; akavunar dancers, singers
Малаялам:akaval
Малаяльское значение:screech of a peacock, name of a metre in Tamil
Малаяльские производные:akar_uka, akir_uka to roar, bellow, children to cry; akar_al, akir_al, akir_cca roaring, bellowing
Комментарии:The auslaut -al - on SDR grounds at least - forms part of the root (Tamil ālam < dial. *agalam; Toda ox in ox ɨn-, etc. may be a contraction from earlier *oxl- < *agal-).
