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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *mĭ́sdV
Meaning: sweet
Sino-Tibetan: OC *mit 'honey'
sccet-meaning,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-basq,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *mĭʒ_V
Meaning: sweet
Proto-West Caucasian: *c̣ʷǝ Notes: A very widely represented root, and there is no doubt in its archaic character. Most languages also reflect the common EC derivate *hwmĭʒū 'honey' (in some of the modern languages reflexes of these two roots later merged or influenced each other, see above). The EC-WC comparison see Абдоков 1983, 149. It seems probable, but there are reservations: if the WC form is really related, one must reconstruct *mĭʒ_ŭ with a short final vowel (opposed to -ū in *hwmĭʒ_ū 'honey'); also unclear are the reasons for dropping *m- in PWC.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-nakh,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-lak,caucet-darg,caucet-lezg,caucet-khin,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,
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Nakh etymology :
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Proto-Nakh: *mac̣-ri-n
Meaning: sweet
Chechen: merza
Ingush: merza
Batsbi: mac̣rĩ
Comments: Cf. also Bacb. mac̣ar-dar ( = Chech. marz-dan) 'to sweeten'; Chech. Cheb. marzĩ, Shar. merʒĩ etc. 'sweet'. A derivate of the same stem is PN *moc̣ (obl. base *mac̣i-) 'honey': Chech. moz (meza-), Ing. moz / moʒ (mezo), Bacb. moc̣ (mac̣i-) (3d class in all languages). A regular reflex of the old PEC derivate *hwmĭʒ_ū would be PN *ʡoṭṭ (*ʡaṭṭ), so it is obvious that the nominal stem was rebuilt on the analogy with the adjective 'sweet'.
nakhet-prnum,nakhet-meaning,nakhet-che,nakhet-ing,nakhet-bcb,nakhet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *mic̣:a-
Meaning: sweet
Andian language: mic̣:a
Akhvakh: mic̣:a-da
Chamalal: miṣa-b
Tindi: mic:a-b
Karata: mic̣:a-b
Botlikh: mic̣:a
Bagvalal: mic̣:a-b
Godoberi: mic:a
Comments: Cf. also Cham. Gig. mic̣:a-b; Akhv. mic̣:a 'alcoholic beverage (beer)'. Avaro-Andian languages also reflect the old derivate *hwmĭʒ_ū > PA *hunc̣:i 'honey': Av. hoc̣:ó (hac̣:ú-l), Chad. hoc̣ó (hoc̣ó-l / hic̣í-l); And. hunc̣:i; Akhv. ũc̣:i; Cham. hũṣ, Gig. hunc̣:i; Tind. hunc:i; Kar. hunc̣:e; Botl. hunc̣:i; Bagv. hũc̣:; God. hunc:i.
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-and,aandet-akv,aandet-chm,aandet-tnd,aandet-krt,aandet-btl,aandet-bgv,aandet-gdb,aandet-comment,
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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *nucV A
Meaning: honey
Tsezi: nuci
Ginukh: nuce
Khvarshi: nuca
Inkhokvari: nucu
Bezhta: nuco
Gunzib: nucu
Comments: PTsKh *nucǝ; PGB *nucu. The Tsezian languages have preserved only the derivate 'honey'; the Inkh. form nuca-gu 'sweet' is a late back-formation from nuco 'honey'.
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-cez,cezet-gin,cezet-khv,cezet-inh,cezet-bzt,cezet-gnz,cezet-comment,
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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: nac̣u-
Meaning: sweet
Lak form: nac̣u-s:a
Comments: Cf. Khosr. nac̣u-s:a id. The old derivate *hwmĭʒ_ū 'honey' is reflected in Lak. as nic̣ (Khosr. nic̣).
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,laket-comment,
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Dargwa etymology :
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Proto-Dargwa: *muzi-
Meaning: sweet
Akusha: muri-si
Chiragh: mizi-ze
Comments: Cf. also Ur. murʔi, Kait. muzi-, Kub. midi-, Tsud. mizu-. The derivate *hwmĭʒ_ū 'honey' is reflected in PD as *waza > Ak. warʔa, Chir. waza, Ur. warʔa, Kub. wada, Tsud. waza.
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-drg,darget-chr,darget-comment,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *ʔic̣:ɨ- (/*mic̣:ɨ-)
Meaning: sweet
Lezghian: werc̣i
Tabasaran: ic:i
Agul: it:e-f
Rutul: id-dɨ
Tsakhur: ut:u-n
Archi: ic̣
Udi: muč:Ia
Comment: Cf. also Lezg. Khl. werc:i, Rut. Ikhr. it:ɨ-d, Tsakh. Tsakh. ütu-n, Arch. -c̣:- in forms like ic̣:ēnu-t 'everything sweet'. The Ud. form with m- is probably an archaism (cf. the external evidence); other languages have modified the stem on analogy with *ʔimc̣: 'honey' - which itself is an old derivate from the adjectival stem. The two stems have actively contaminated also in Lezgian - where werc̣i 'sweet' obtained the Anlaut on analogy with wirt 'honey', while the noun wirt got its -r- from the adjectival stem (regularly we would expect in Lezg.: *irc:i (or erc:i) 'sweet' (with a typical adjectival -r- < *ʔic̣:V-rV-) and *wit 'honey'. The word for 'honey' (PL *ʔimc̣:) has following reflexes: Lezg. wirt (wirṭe-di-), Khl. ürt (ürt:e-di-); Tab. jič:̌ (jič:̌u-), Ag. it:ʷ (it:ʷa-), Bursh. jit:ʷ (jit:ʷa- ), Rut. it (itɨ- with secondary analogy instead of *it:ɨ-); Tsakh. ut (ut:e-), Gelm. itʷ (it:u-); Kryz. jit; Bud. jit; Ud. uč:I.
See Бокаpев 1961, 71; Лексика 1971, 205; Гигинейшвили 1977, 72, 106.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-arc,lezget-udi,lezget-comment,
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Khinalug etymology :
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Khinalug root: c̣in
North Caucasian etymology: 1440
Meaning: sweet
Khinalug form: c̣in
Comments: Probably a metathesis < *nic̣; cf. also nüc̣ 'honey', which is an old derivate of the same root.
khinet-prnum,khinet-meaning,khinet-khi,khinet-comment,
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Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :
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Proto-West-Caucasian: *c̣ʷǝ
Meaning: good
Adyghe: ṣʷǝ
Kabardian: f̣ǝ
Comments: PAK *c̣ʷǝ. Also means 'sweet' within the compound PAK *ʡá-c̣ʷǝ > Kab. ʡaf̣, Ad. ʡaṣʷ.
abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-adg,abadet-kab,abadet-comment,
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Basque etymology :
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Proto-Basque: *esti
Meaning: 1 honey 2 sweet 3 soft, meek 4 wet, damp
Bizkaian: ezti 1, 2
Gipuzkoan: ezti 1
High Navarrese: ezti 1, 3
Low Navarrese: ezti 1, 3, 4
Lapurdian: ezti 1, 3
Baztanese: ezti 1, 2
Zuberoan: ézti 1, 3, 4
Roncalese: ezti 1, 2
Comments: For phonology cf. Tab. ic:i, Agul it:e-f 'sweet', etc. The Bsq development was possibly *emsti > *ẽsti > *esti. One of the cases of Bsq *-st- ~ PNC tense sibilants: cf. Bsq *baste-r̄ 'corner, edge' (q.v.) ~ PNC *whǝ̆rʒ_ĭ 'edge, tip'. Bouda (1948) compared Bsq ezti + Avar hoc̣:ó, etc.
basqet-prnum,basqet-meaning,basqet-bzk,basqet-gip,basqet-anv,basqet-bnv,basqet-lab,basqet-bzt,basqet-zbr,basqet-rnc,basqet-comments,
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