Sino-Caucasian etymology :

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *ƛ̣ắnχwV

Meaning: a k. of stone

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

North Caucasian: *ƛ̣ănχ_wV

Sino-Tibetan: *ƛɨāŋ / *ƛɨāk

Basque: *lega-

Comments and references : FDCP 2.

North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *ƛ̣ănχ_wV

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: ruins; cobble-stone(s)

Proto-Avaro-Andian: *ƛ̣anχʷa ( ~ o)

Proto-Tsezian: *ƛ̣eχʷ- ( ~ -χ:ʷ-)

Notes: An And-Tsez. isogloss.

Avar-Andian etymology :

Protoform: *ƛ̣anχʷa ( ~ o)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: ruins

Akhvakh: ƛ̣aχa (Ratl.)

Chamalal: aχʷa

Tindi: aχa

Comments: Cf. also Cham. Gig. aχa, Akhv. Tseg. ṭaχo, Tlan. ṭanχa (Magomedbekova writes: taχo, tanχa, which is obviously a misspelling instead of ṭ-).

Tsezian etymology :

Proto-Tsezian: *ƛ̣eχʷ- ( ~ -χ:ʷ-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: cobble-stone

Ginukh: ƛ̣iχʷin

Comments: Attested only in Gin., but having probable Andian parallels.

Sino-Tibetan etymology :

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *ƛɨāŋ / *ƛɨāk

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: stone

Chinese: 盪 *Ł_āŋʔ a k. of precious stone, 碭 *Ł_āŋs veined stone.

Burmese: kjauk stone, LB *k-luŋx.

Kachin: nluŋ² stone.

Lushai: luŋ a stone, rock, KC *ŋ-luŋ.

Lepcha: luŋ stone (in comp.)

Kiranti: *lùŋ

Comments: Tsangla luŋ; PG *jùŋ stone; Mikir arloŋ; BG: Garo ro'oŋ, Dimasa loŋ-thai; Moshang lūŋ, Namsangia loŋ; Kham lùN; Bahing luŋ; Miri ü-liŋ; Trung luŋ¹. Sh. 24, 69, 434; Ben. 32. Cf. PAA *la:ŋ 'stone, sand'.

Chinese characters :

Character: 盪

Modern (Beijing) reading: dàng

Preclassic Old Chinese: Ł(h)āŋʔ

Classic Old Chinese: Ł(h)ā́ŋ

Western Han Chinese: lā́ŋ (~ Łh-)

Eastern Han Chinese: lā́ŋ (~ lh-)

Early Postclassic Chinese: d(h)ā́ŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: d(h)ā́ŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: d(h)ā́ŋ

Middle Chinese: dấŋ

English meaning : a k. of precious stone

Russian meaning[s]: 1) двигать(ся); качать(ся); 2) клетка, поле (на доске); строка; 3) сопротивляться, защищаться от (чего-л.); давать отпор; [tàng] 1) мыть; полоскать; 2) раз

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 108

Four-angle index: 688

Karlgren code: 0720 |n ́

Kiranti etymology :

Proto-Kiranti: *lùŋ

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Meaning: stone

Sunwar: phul-lu

Tulung: luŋ

Kaling: luŋ

Limbu: luŋ

Dumi: lu

Kulung: luŋ

Yamphu: ruŋguʔwa

Comments: Toba 96 *luŋ.

Limbu dictionary :

Entry: luN

Kiranti etymology: Kiranti etymology

Grammar: n.

Meaning: stone, rock.

Dumi dictionary :

Entry: lu

Kiränti etymology: Kiränti etymology

Grammar: n.

Meaning: rock, stone

Nepali: ḍhun%gā.

Derivation: [also attested in Sasarkā ]

Kulung dictionary :

Entry: luN

Kiranti etymology: Kiranti etymology

Grammar: n.

Meaning: stone, rock

Nepali: ḍhuŋgā.

Yamphu dictionary :

Entry: ruŋguʔwa

Kiranti etymology: Kiranti etymology

Stem: <ruŋguʔa>

Grammar: n.

Meaning: stone.

Basque etymology :

Proto-Basque: *lega-

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 small stone, pebble, gravel 2 gravelly land

Bizkaian: legar 1

Gipuzkoan: legar 1

High Navarrese: legatx 2

Low Navarrese: legar 1, legartsu 2

Lapurdian: legar 1, legarri 1, legatx, legartsu 2

Comments: PSC *ƛ̣ắnχwV: PSC *ƛ̣̊- > Bsq *l- and PSC *-nχ- > Bsq *-g- [ɣ] are regular changes. Bsq *lega-r̄ 'ulcer, rennet' (q.v.) is a homonym of distinct origin.

Long-range etymologies :

Borean (approx.) : LVNV

Meaning : stone

Sino-Caucasian : *ƛ̣ắnχwV

Austric : PAA *la:ŋ 'stone, sand' (may be < ST)

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