Восточно-чадская этимология : Выводить со всеми ссылками

PROTO: *ʔVm(m)-

MEANING: group of related people

семитский: *ʔVm(m)-

западночадский: *ʔVm- 'friend'

восточночадский: *ʔVm- 'son-in-law, father-in-law'

горные восточнокушитские: *ʔam- 'companions, (relatives ?)'

южнокушитские: *ʔim- 'people'

дахало (санье): ʔame 'uncle' (?)

NOTES: <*ʔam- 'mother' (No. 45)? Cf. Isosemantic row 'mother - people': Beja enda, énde 'mother' [СИФКЯ 137] - enda 'people' [ibid. 148].

Семитская этимология :

NUMBER: 1921

PROTO: *ʔVm(m)-

PRNUM: PRNUM

MEANING: 'group of relatives; familly; clan; people'

аккадский: ummānu 'Menschenmenge, Heer, Arbeitstruppe' OB [AHw 1413], ummatu 'Haubtmasse; Stamm-, Heimateinheit; Hauptmacht; Raubtierrudel' O-N Bab [ibid. 1414]

угаритский: umt 'familia, clan' [DLU 37]

еврейский (иврит): ʔummā, ʔēm ? 'tribe, small group of people'(non-Israelite, Malamat) [Koehler new 62]

библейский арамейский: ʔummā 'nation' [KB 1051]

иудейский арамейский: ʔīmmā 'distaff' [Ja 50]

сирийский арамейский: ʔem(m)-, pl. ʔemhāt-, ʔemh- 'origo (origin; kin; patriarch) [Brock 23], ʔūmūn-, ʔūmūt- 'populus, natio' ibid. 24

арабский: ʔumm-at- 'assemblée, foule, multitude; famille; people, nation' [BK 1 52], ʔmm 'se diriger, tendre vers un lieu; marcher en tête; prescrire, ordonner en sa qualité de chef' [ibid.]

эпиграфические южноаравийские языки: SAB ʔmm 'to obey, be led' [SD 6], ʔm-t 'bondwoman, female vassal' [ibid. 5]

тигре: ʔammät 'people, tribe' [LH 355] (hardly an arabism because of different vocalism)

мехри: ʔámma 'many people' [JM 5] (rather <ARB ʕamm- or ʔummat-)

Западно-чадская этимология :

PROTO: *ʔVm-

PRNUM: PRNUM

MEANING: 'friend'

Кулере: ʔamà- [JgR]

NOTES: Cf. sura-ang gr. *(n)yem '(group of ) people' [TAS:414]> Angas nyam 'clan name', Mupun nyēm fwō 'peer group', Sura yɛ̀m mɔ́ 'people', Goemay yiem 'name of a small tribe', Gerka nì-yìwòm 'Mensch' ['vowels obscure; back formation from the collective pl.' GT]. However, Mupun is definately related to (if not derived from) nyè mó 'mates, fellows' (mo is a pl. marker) [FrM]. Sura yénan 'old people' (nan 'big, great') [JgS] also points to original *yV. Given that Gerka and Yiwom is one and the same language, nì-yìwòm 'Mensh' is simly the tribe-name preceded by the 3rd sg. demonstr. (ni). Thus, nyam, yiem, yiwom are names of different tribes only, but not the sura-angas word for 'people'.

Верхневосточно-кушитская этимология :

PROTO: *ʔam-

PRNUM: PRNUM

MEANING: 'companions, (relatives ?)'

сидамо: il-ama 'relative' (il- 'to give birth') [Huds HECD 122]

хадия (гуделла): aam 'компаньоны, партнеры, союзники' [Huds 22]

камбатта: il-amu 'relative' (il- 'to give birth') [Huds HECD 122]

Южно-кушитская этимология :

PROTO: *ʔimu-

PRNUM: PRNUM

MEANING: 'people' 1, 'crowd' 2

иракв (мбулу): imi, mu 1

алагва (уаси): imi 2

бурунге (мбулунги): im-et 1

квадза (нгомвья): meʔiko 1

маа (мбугу): Cf. mmú 'person', vamú 1

NOTES: Ehr HRSC 160; 294-5