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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *ḳUmV
Meaning: black, dark
References: ND 1066b *ḲUmV. May be = *HaḳumV q.v. nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-reference,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *k`ume ( ~ -i̯u-)
Meaning: black; coal
Russian meaning: черный; уголь
Comments: АПиПЯЯ 295. A Turk.-Kor. isogloss (cf. also Old Koguryo *kămul 'black', see Miller 1979, 8; perhaps also Manchu χumara- 'to sully', ТМС 1, 477). The comparison seems quite possible, although the scarcity of reflexes prevents a secure reconstruction of vocalism. altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-kor,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *kömür
Meaning: coal
Russian meaning: уголь
Old Turkic: kömür (OUygh.)
Karakhanid: kömür (MK, KB) Turkish: kömür
Tatar: kümer
Uzbek: kụmir
Uighur: kömü(r)
Azerbaidzhan: kömür
Turkmen: kömür
Khakassian: kömǝr
Oyrat: kömür
Chuvash: kъʷmrъʷk
Yakut: kömör
Dolgan: kömör
Tuva: xömür
Kirghiz: kömür
Kazakh: kömǝr
Noghai: kömǝr
Bashkir: kümer
Balkar: kömür
Gagauz: kömür
Karakalpak: kömǝr
Kumyk: kömür
Comments: VEWT 289 (relating the stem to köm- 'to bury, dig' seems rather dubious), ЭСТЯ 5, 102-103, Лексика 365, Stachowski 156. turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-alt,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,turcet-dolg,turcet-tuv,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-gagx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,
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Korean etymology :
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Proto-Korean: *kǝ̄m-
Meaning: black
Russian meaning: черный
Modern Korean: kǝ̄m-, k:ǝ̄m-, kām-, k:ām-
Middle Korean: kǝ̄m-, kǝ̀m-
Comments: Liu 48, HMCH 278, KED 101. Modern length and gemination are obviously late and expressive. koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 401
Proto: *kumV
English meaning: cloud
German meaning: Wolke
Finnish: kumuri 'Wölkchen'
Mordovian: kovol (E) 'Wolke'
Komi (Zyrian): ki̮me̮r, ki̮me̮.r (S P) 'Wolke', ki̮med- (VO) 'заслонять свет'
Mansi (Vogul): χomχat- (So.) 'nebelig werden'
Hungarian: homály 'Finsternis, Dunkelheit; (altung.) finstere Wolke, Nebel'
Sammalahti's version: *kumala [warum *-la? - EH)
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-fin,uralet-mrd,uralet-kom,uralet-man,uralet-ugr,uralet-samm2,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : KVMV
Meaning : black, dark
Sino-Caucasian : ? ST *kǝ̄m ( ~ g-, q-, G-) 'purple, brown'
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-austr,globet-reference,
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Afroasiatic etymology :
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Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *kum-
Meaning: be black
Semitic: *ʔVka/um- 'black'
afaset-meaning,afaset-prnum,afaset-sem,afaset-egy,afaset-cch,afaset-agw,afaset-wrz,
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Semitic etymology :
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Number: 3015
Proto-Semitic: *ʔVka/um-
Meaning: 'black'
Aramaic: Pal ʔwkm, ʔkwm
Syrian Aramaic: ʔukkām-
Modern Aramaic: Urm kūm
Mandaic Aramaic: ʕkum-
semet-proto,semet-prnum,semet-meaning,semet-arm,semet-syr,semet-new,semet-mnd,
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Egyptian etymology :
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Old Egyptian: km
Meaning: 'black' (pyr)
Coptic: *kame 'black'
Bohairic: k'ame
Sahidic: kame
egyet-prnum,egyet-meaning,egyet-cpt,egyet-bbb,egyet-sss,
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Central Chadic etymology :
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Proto-CChadic: *kaHVm-
Meaning: 'shadow' 1, 'yesterday' 2
Buduma=Yedina: kaimē 1 [LBud]
Banana: kā́má 2 [Lk: 133]
cchet-prnum,cchet-meaning,cchet-bud,cchet-bnn,
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Central Cushitic (Agaw) etymology :
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Proto-Agaw: *kVm-
Meaning: 'be evening'
Awiya (Aungi): kǝm-ǝn
agwet-prnum,agwet-meaning,agwet-aun,
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Warazi etymology :
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Proto-Warazi: *kum-
Meaning: 'black'
Gawwada (Gawata): kumma
wrzet-prnum,wrzet-meaning,wrzet-gaw,
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Austric etymology :
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Proto-Austric: *KVm
Meaning: dark
Austroasiatic meaning: pale, brownish
Proto-Austronesian: (Ache pǝgɔm cloudy)
Proto-Thai: gam.B evening, twilight; CHE
austr-meaning,austr-prnum,austr-aa,austr-aame,austr-an,austr-tai,
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Austro-Asiatic etymology :
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Proto-Austro-Asiatic: *gam
Meaning: pale, brownish
Thai: gam.B evening, twilight; CHE
Khmer: srǝgam
Proto-Palaungic: Pr kam.B
References: Kh 761
aaet-meaning,aaet-prnum,aaet-thai,aaet-bah,aaet-kmr,aaet-pawa,aaet-bib,
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Bahnar etymology :
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Proto-Bahnaric: *găm
Meaning: black
Presyllable: #
Bahnar: gam
Bahnar meaning: black
banet-meaning,banet-prpr,banet-prnum,banet-bah,banet-bahme,
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North Bahnaric etymology :
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Proto-North-Bahnaric:
Meaning: black
Rengao form: gam.T
Rengao meaning: black
nobet-meaning,nobet-prnum,nobet-ren,nobet-renme,
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