Indo-European etymology :

Proto-IE: *man-/-e-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to stay, to remain

Hittite: mimma- (II) 'sich weigern, etw. verweigern, zurückweisen' (Friedrich 143)

Tokharian: A, B mäsk- 'be, become, find oneself' (Adams 458)

Old Indian: {pari-mamandhi, ámaman `zögern, stillstehen'}

Avestan: man- `bleiben, warten', fra-man- `ausharren'

Other Iranian: OPers man- `bleiben, warten'

Armenian: mnam `bleibe, erwarte'

Old Greek: ménō, mímnō, aor. mẹ̄̂nai̯, pf. meménēka, va. menetó- `bleiben, verbleiben, warten, erwarten, stendhalten', monǟ́ f. `das Bleiben, der Aufenthalt usw.', ménēma n. `Aufenthaltsort, Raum'

Latin: maneō, -ēre, mānsī, mānsum `bleiben; verharren, übrig bleiben', mantāre `saepe manēre'

Celtic: *an-menjā- ? > OIr ainmne `Geduld'; MCymr anmynedd `Geduld', Cymr amynedd `Geduld'

Russ. meaning: задерживаться

References: WP II 267

Pokorny's dictionary :

Number: 1281

Root: men-5

English meaning: to stay, stand still

German meaning: `bleiben, (sinnend) stillstehen'

General comments: (= men- `denken'?)

Material: Ai. man- (parimamandhi, ámaman) `zögern, stillstehen', av. ap. man- `bleiben, warten', av. fra-man- `ausharren'; arm. mnam `bleibe, erwarte' (*mēnā-); gr. μένω, μίμνω (μεμένηκα) `bleibe', μονή f. `das Bleiben', μόνιμος `ausharrend', μέμνων `Esel' (`ausdauernd'); lat. maneō, -ēre (vgl.μεμένη-κα) `bleiben' (*m_enei̯ō), Denomin. mantāre `saepe manēre'; air. ainmne, cymr. amynedd, mcymr.anmynedd `Geduld' (*an-meni̯ā);

    toch. А В mäsk- `sein'; hitt. mi-im-ma-i `verweigern'.

References: WP. II 267, WH. II 26, Pedersen Hitt. 121.

Pages: 729

PIE database: PIE database

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *menV

Meaning: to stay

Borean: Borean

Indo-European: *men-

Altaic: *meń[o] ?

Kartvelian: *men-

Dravidian: *man-

References: МССНЯ 367, ОСНЯ 2, 51-52. ND 1420 *mAn̄V 'house, dwelling', 1421 *män̄a 'remain, stay' (most probably one root).

Altaic etymology :

Proto-Altaic: *meń[o]

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: dwelling place, village

Russian meaning: жилище, деревня

Mongolian: *maji-kan

Tungus-Manchu: *mēne-

Korean: *mằńằrh

Japanese: *múrà

Comments: The Kor.-Jpn. form is a derivative in *-rV (*-lV). The Tungus form fits very well semantically, but raises some phonetic doubts: vowel length and the quality of -n- (instead *-ń-) do not correspond to other languages. Cf. perhaps Turk. (Oyr.) man 'fence' (VEWT 325). See Vovin 1993, 257.

Mongolian etymology :

Proto-Mongolian: *maji-kan

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: tent

Russian meaning: шатер

Written Mongolian: majiqan (L 523)

Khalkha: majxan

Buriat: majxan

Kalmuck: mǟxan

Ordos: mǟxun

Dagur: maikan (Тод. Даг. 153, MD 188)

Comments: KW 259, MGCD 477. Mong. > Man. majqan etc. (see ТМС 1, 520, Rozycki 153; despite Doerfer MT 80, hardly Mong. < Tung.).

Tungus etymology :

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *mēne-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to settle down 2 settled down 3 to stay

Russian meaning: 1 жить оседло 2 оседлый 3 оставаться

Evenki: mēnē- 1, mēnē 2

Even: mene 2

Negidal: meneǯe- 3

Orok: meneǯi- 3

Udighe: menǯe- 3

Comments: ТМС 1, 569.

Korean etymology :

Proto-Korean: *mằńằrh

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: village, vicinity

Russian meaning: деревня, окрестности

Modern Korean: maɨl

Middle Korean: mằńằr (mằńằrh-)

Comments: Nam 196, KED 564.

Japanese etymology :

Proto-Japanese: *múrà

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: village

Russian meaning: деревня

Old Japanese: mura

Middle Japanese: múrà

Tokyo: murá

Kyoto: múrà

Kagoshima: múra

Comments: JLTT 488.

Kartvelian etymology :

Proto-Kartvelian: *men-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: жилище

English meaning: dwelling

Georgian: men-a

Notes and references: В ОСНЯ 2, 51 основа сравнивается с ПИЕ *men- 'оставаться на месте', драв. *man- id., ТМ *mēne- 'жить оседло' < ностр. *mAnV.

Dravidian etymology :

Proto-Dravidian : *man-

Meaning : to be

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Proto-South Dravidian: *man-

Proto-Telugu : *man-

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *man-

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *man- (past stem *mat_-)

Proto-North Dravidian : *man-

Brahui : mann-ing

South Dravidian etymology :

Proto-South Dravidian : *man-

Meaning : to stay, endure

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Tamil : man_n_u (man_n_i-)

Tamil meaning : to be permanent, endure, remain long, stay, persevere, be steady

Tamil derivates : man_n_al permanence, stability, steadiness

Malayalam : mannuka

Malayalam meaning : to stand fast, persevere

Number in DED : 4778

Telugu etymology :

Proto-Telugu : *man-

Meaning : to live, exist, behave, act, conduct oneself

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Telugu : manu

Additional forms : Also [1] maniki, [2] manki existence, living, life, residing, livelihood, abode, dwelling, home, place, locality; manukuva abode, dwelling place; manugaḍa life, living, livelihood, subsistence; [1] manucu, [2] manupu protection, maintenance; manuvu livelihood, conduct; manni life; mannu to last, be durable

Number in DED : 4778

Kolami-Gadba etymology :

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *man-

Meaning : to be

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Naiki : man-

Parji : men- (mend-, mett-) "to be, stay"

Ollari Gadba : man- (may-, maṭ-) "to be, stay"

Salur Gadba : man- (manḍ-, manj-, mey-)

Notes : Parji men- by analogy with past stem *mand_-/*mat_- > mend-, mett-.

Number in DED : 4778

Gondwan etymology :

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *man- (past stem *mat_-)

Meaning : to be

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Proto-Gondi : *man-

Konda : man- (maR-)

Proto-Pengo-Manda : *man- (p.t. *mac-)

Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *man- (p.t. *mac-)

Gondi etymology :

Proto-Gondi : *man-

Meaning : to remain, abide, be

Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology

Betul Gondi : mandānā (matt-)

Mandla Gondi (Williamson) : mandānā (matt-)

Mandla Gondi (Phailbus) : mandānā (matt-)

Muria Gondi : man-

Maria Gondi : man-

Seoni Gondi : man-

Adilabad Gondi : mandānā (matt-) (SR)

Durg Gondi : man-

Additional forms : Also Gondi_Tr maiānā (past mās-) to be

Number in DED : 4778

Number in CVOTGD : 2703, 2710

Konda etymology :

Konda : man- (maR-)

Meaning: to be

Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology

Konda (Burrow/Bhattacharya) : man- (maR-) "to be, stay, dwell"

Number in DED : 4778

Pengo-Manda etymology :

Proto-Pengo-Manda : *man- (p.t. *mac-)

Meaning : to be

Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology

Pengo : man- (mac-)

Manda : man- (mac-)

Number in DED : 4778

Kui-Kuwi etymology :

Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *man- (p.t. *mac-)

Meaning : to be

Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology

Kui : manba (mas-) "to be, exist, remain, abide; n. state of being, existing, act of remaining or abiding"

Kuwi (Fitzgerald) : manjali (mac-) "to remain"

Kuwi (Schulze) : mannai (macc-)

Sunkarametta Kuwi : man- (macc-)

Parja Kuwi : man- (macc-)

Kuwi (Israel) : man- (mac-) "to remain, exist, stay; aux. vb. to be"

Number in DED : 4778

North Dravidian etymology :

Proto-North-Dravidian : *man-

Meaning : to become

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Kurukh : mannā (mańjas) "to become, come off, result, be, turn out to be, be in appearance, act as if, behave as though, be abundant, amount to"

Malto : mene "to be or become, grow or be produced"

Additional forms : In Kurukh maybe mańjas < man-y-as? In Malto - mene < man-y-e?

Number in DED : 4778

Brahui etymology :

Brahui : mann-ing (mar-, ma-, past mass-)

Meaning : to become, be

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Number in DED : 4778

Long-range etymologies :

Borean (approx.) : MVNV

Meaning : to stay, reside

Eurasiatic : *menV

Afroasiatic : *man-/*min-

Sino-Caucasian : *manV (cf. also *mɦăʡnē 'door, gate' - originally same root?)

Austric : *mVʔn

Amerind (misc.) : *ma(n)- 'dwell, be'

Reference : ND 1420, 1421; GE 35 *mana (+ ?NS, IP).

Afroasiatic etymology :

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *man-/*min-

Meaning: house

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Egyptian: mn 'room' (MK)

Western Chadic: *min- 'house' 1, 'place' 2

Central Chadic: *min- 'door'

East Chadic: *man- 'place'

Low East Cushitic: *man-/*min- 'house'

High East Cushitic: *min- 'house'

Warazi (Dullay): *man- 'house'

Dahalo (Sanye): mini 'house'

Egyptian etymology :

Old Egyptian: mn (MK)

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'room'

Coptic: *monē

Coptic meaning: 'dwelling, inn'

Bohairic: monē

Sahidic: monē

Notes: Copt may be alteratively borrowed from Gk mon_.

West Chadic etymology :

Proto-WChadic: *min-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'house' 1, 'place' 2

Dera=Kanakuru: mǝna 1

Pero: mina 1

Sha: mun 2

Central Chadic etymology :

Proto-CChadic: *min-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'door'

Musgu: min, mŋ [Lk?]

Notes: not in LMsg, ???

East Chadic etymology :

Proto-EChadic: *man-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'place'

Somrai: mànà {Jg]

Ndam: má:n [JgD]

Notes: ECh *man, not *maHan

Low East Cushitic etymology :

Proto-Low East Cushitic: *man-/*min-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'house'

Somali: miin

Oromo (Galla): mana, manaa

Boni: miŋ

Arbore: min

High East Cushitic etymology :

Proto-High East Cushitic: *min-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'house'

Sidamo: mine

Darasa (Gedeo): mine

Hadiya (Gudella): mine

Kambatta: mine

Warazi etymology :

Proto-Warazi: *man-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'house'

Gawwada (Gawata): mano

Dahalo etymology :

Dahalo: mini

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'house'

Sino-Caucasian etymology :

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *manV

Meaning: to sit, stay, be

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

North Caucasian: *ʔima(n)-

Yenisseian: *pan

Burushaski: *man-

Basque: *e=meni

Comments and references : SMCE 137.

North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *ʔima(n)-

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to stay, to be

Proto-Lezghian: *ʔima

Proto-Khinalug: =mä

Notes: A Lezg.-Khin. isogloss. There are no traces of this archaic root in other EC languages, but there is a good HU parallel: Hurr. mann-, Ur. man- 'to be' (see Diakonoff-Starostin 1986, 21).

Lezghian etymology :

Proto-Lezghian: *ʔima

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to stay

Lezghian: ama

Tabasaran: imi-di xuz

Agul: ame-xis (Burk.)

Rutul: ma=a

Archi: imm(a)-eχ:as

Comment: An auxiliary verb with a defective paradigm (used either as auxiliary in present, or in compound verbs).

Khinalug etymology :

Yenisseian etymology :

Proto-Yenisseian: *pan

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to sit

Ket: d-k-a-d-i-ǝn "сижу"; (Castr.) dīdeʁāf "садиться", praet. dideʁāf, imp. inʁāf ( < *-pn)

Yug: k-a:^hp ( < *-pn), inf. káfɨŋ

Kottish: īgpanaŋ "to sit down", praet. anɨgpanaŋ, imp. anīgpan

Comments: ССЕ 245. Werner 1, 402 *(ka)p^han.

Burushaski etymology :

Common Burushaski: *man-

Sino-Caucasian Etymology: Sino-Caucasian Etymology

Meaning: to be, become

Yasin: man-

Hunza: man-

Nagar: man-

Basque etymology :

Proto-Basque: *e=meni

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to put, place, set

Araban: ifini

Bizkaian: imiñi, ipiñi, (arc) imeni, (arc) ifini, (arc) ibini

Gipuzkoan: ipini, ipiñi, (arc) ifeñi

High Navarrese: ipiñi, ipeiñi, ifiñi

Low Navarrese: imiñi

Salazarese: imiñi

Lapurdian: (arc) ibeni, (arc) ifeini

Comments: It is difficult to know which form is original, after various assimilations or dissimilations. External comparison supports *e=meni = BZK-arc imeni. In the North (BZT, ZBR, RNC) this verb is obsolete and has been supplanted by *e=sari (q.v.).

Austric etymology :

Proto-Austric: *mVʔn

Meaning: hearth; settlement

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Proto-Austroasiatic: mVŋ

Austroasiatic meaning: town

Miao-Yao parallels: Yao muŋ.1 town, city

Proto-Austronesian: *qumun 'oven, hearth' ?

Proto-Thai: mɨaŋ.A city, country

Austro-Asiatic etymology :

Proto-Austro-Asiatic: mVŋ

Meaning: town

Austric etymology: Austric etymology

Thai: mɨaŋ.A city, country

Proto-Monic: M kama:ŋ

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