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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *senew-, *snēw- <PIH *sH->
Meaning: tendon
Hittite: ishunau n. 'Sehne? Oberarm?' (Tischler 392; that this is a "paarweise auftrender Körperteil" is actually no objection against 'sinew' or 'vein')
Old Indian: snā́van-, snāván- n. `tendon, muscle, sinew', a-snāvirá-, a-snāvaká- `without sinews', snu-tas `from the sinews or muscles'
Avestan: snāvar- 'Sehne', snāuya- `auf einer Tiersehne gefertigt'
Armenian: neard `Sehne, Faser, Fiber'
Old Greek: nêu̯ro-n n. `Sehne, Bogensehne, Schnur, Saite, Nerv, mämmliches Glied'; neu̯rǟ́ f. `Sehne, Bogensehne'
Latin: nervus, -ī m. `Sehne, Flechse; Muskel, Nerv; männl. Glied; Saite, Bogensehne etc.'
Albanian: nus `Bindfaden, Schnur'
Russ. meaning: жила
Comments: [Cf. *(s)nēy-]
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-hitt,piet-ind,piet-avest,piet-arm,piet-greek,piet-germ,piet-lat,piet-alb,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,piet-comment,
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Germanic etymology :
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Proto-Germanic: *siniwō(n), *sinwō(n)
Meaning: sinew
Old Norse: sin f. `Sehne'
Norwegian: sin(a)
Swedish: sena
Danish: sene
Old English: seonu (sionu, senu, sinu, synu), gen. seonwe/sine f. `sinew, nerve, tendon'
English: sinew
Old Frisian: sini, sine
Old Saxon: senewa, sinewa
Middle Dutch: sēnuwe, sēnewe f. `zenuw, pees, spier', sene f.
Dutch: zenuw f., zeen
Middle Low German: sēne, senne
Old High German: senawa f. (11.Jh.) `Sehne, Bogensehne, eine Krümmung verbindende gerade Linie, Nerv'
Middle High German: sën(e)we, sën(n)e wk./st. f. 'sehne, bogensehne; sehne, senne, nerv'
German: Sehne f., Senne
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-onord,germet-norw,germet-swed,germet-dan,germet-oengl,germet-engl,germet-ofris,germet-osax,germet-mdutch,germet-dutch,germet-mlg,germet-ohg,germet-mhg,germet-hg,
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Pokorny's dictionary :
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Number: 1812
Root: snēu- : snū- und snĕu-
English meaning: to turn, to bind, attach; band; sinew
German meaning: etwa `drehen', bes. `Fäden zusammendrehen, knüpfen'; andrerseits `sich drehen, schnelle Bewegung'
Derivatives: snēu̯-(e)r-, -en- `Sehne, Band'
Material: Ai. snā́van- (n.) und snāván- `Band, Sehne'; Umbildung eines r/n-Neutrums: a-snāvirá- `ohne Sehnen' (snuta- `von der Sehne'), av. snāvarǝ `Sehne' (snāuya- `aus einer Tiersehne gefertigt'); arm.neard `Sehne, Faser, Fiber' (*snēu̯r̥t); gr. νευ̃ρον `Sehne', νευρά `Sehne, Bogensehne'; lat. nervus `Sehne, Flechse; Muskel, Nerv'; alb. nus `Bindfaden, Schnur' (*snu-ti̯o-);
aisl. snūa (snera, snūinn) `winden, zwirnen, wenden' (*snōwan), snūðr, Gen. -ar m. `Schlinge' und `Schnelligkeit', ags. snūd m. `Eile', aisl. snūðigr `sich herumdrehend (vom Mühlstein), schnell', got. sniwan, ags. snēowan `eilen', aisl. snøggr `schnell' (*snawwu-), norw. snaa `eilen'(*snawēn); *sneu-mi̯o- `eilend' in got. sniumjan `eilen', sniumundō `eilig', ahd. sniumi Adj. `rasch, eilig, schlau', ags. snēome Adv. `rasch, alsbald' (daneben steht ein unerklärtes aisl.snemma, snimma `zeitig, bald');
lett. snaujis `Schlinge'; aksl. snovǫ und snujǫ, snuti `anzetteln, ordīrī', Iter. osnyvati, russ. snovátь `anzetteln' und `schnell hin und her gehen'.
toch. В ṣñaura `Sehnen, Nerven'.
Verwandt mit (s)nē- und vermutlich daraus um ursprünglich formantisches -u̯- erweitert.
References: WP. II 696, WH. II 165, Trautmann 272, Vasmer 2, 682.
Pages: 977
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-derivative,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *son/H/V
Meaning: sinew
References: МССНЯ 341; ND 2081 *son[Vq][ü] 'sinew, tendon; root' (IE+Ur+ differ. Alt. + East Cush.). nostret-meaning,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-reference,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *sūnu ( ~ -o)
Meaning: to stretch
Russian meaning: вытягивать
Comments: KW 337, Poppe 30, 70. A Western isogloss, and a quite exceptional case of a V̄ : V̄ correspondence between PT and PTM (expressive root? or an old loanword, cf. Doerfer MT 46 ?). On the possibility of Mong. < Turk. see Щербак 1997, 147. altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *sūn-
Meaning: to stretch, stretch out
Russian meaning: протягивать
Old Turkic: sun- (Orkh., OUygh.)
Turkish: sun-
Tatar: son-
Uighur: sun-
Sary-Yughur: sun-, sɨn-
Khakassian: sun-
Oyrat: sun-
Yakut: ūn-
Tuva: sun-
Kirghiz: sun-
Kazakh: ŭsɨn-
Bashkir: hŭn-
Karaim: sun-
Karakalpak: ŭsɨn-
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-hak,turcet-alt,turcet-jak,turcet-tuv,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-bas,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *sunu-
Meaning: to stretch out
Russian meaning: вытягивать(ся)
Written Mongolian: suna-, sunija- (L 738: sunu-, sunija-), suŋga- (Kow. II, 1382a) Middle Mongolian: sună- (MA), sonaɣa (Lig.VMI) Khalkha: suna-
Buriat: huna-
Kalmuck: sun-
Ordos: sunā-
Dongxian: sumu-
Shary-Yoghur: sunā-
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-dun,monget-dag,monget-yuy,monget-mgr,monget-mogh,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *sūn-
Meaning: 1 to stretch out 2 become lean 3 stretched (adv.) 4 to faint, lie without consciousness
Russian meaning: 1 вытягиваться 2 худеть 3 вытянувшись 4 лежать без чувств
Evenki: sūn- 1
Even: hụn- 1
Negidal: suŋ-gumǯi 3
Literary Manchu: suŋ-gi- 2
Ulcha: suŋ-guǯa- 4
Orok: sun- 4
Nanai: suŋ-gure 3
Oroch: suŋguremdi 3
Udighe: sụ̄ŋī- 1
Comments: ТМС 2, 126-127. Nanai has secondary vowel shortening. tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-man,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-ude,tunget-reference,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 906
Proto: *se̮ne (*sōne)
English meaning: vein, sinew
German meaning: Ader; Sehne
Finnish: suoni (gen. suonen) 'Ader; Sehne'
Estonian: soon (gen. soone' 'id.; Muskel, Gefäß (im Körper)'
Saam (Lapp): suodnâ -n- (N) 'sinew, string, artery, vein', suotna (L) 'Sehne; Ader', sī̊nn (T), sūnn (Kld.), suonn (Not.) 'Sehne, Ader, Faden, Zwirn'
Mordovian: san (E M) 'Ader; Sehne'
Mari (Cheremis): šün (KB U B), śün (M) 'Sehne'
Udmurt (Votyak): se̮n (S G) 'Sehne, Flechse'
Komi (Zyrian): se̮n (S) 'Ader, Sehne'
Khanty (Ostyak): lan (V O), jan (Vj.), ton (DN)
Mansi (Vogul): tɛ̮̄n (TJ), tān (KU So.), tē̮n (P) 'Ader, Sehne, Flechse, Saite'
Hungarian: ín (inat) 'Sehne, Flechse; Bogensehne; dial. Wade, Leine'
Nenets (Yurak): teʔ (Sj.), ten (Nj.) 'Sehne, Sehnenschnur'
Enets (Yen): tīʔ (Ch.), ti, gen. tinoʔ (B) 'Sehne'
Nganasan (Tawgi): taŋa
Selkup: čên (Ta.), căn, tsăn (Ke.), čat, čêt (N) 'Sehne', čat (Ty.) 'Ader, Sehne'
Kamass: ten
Sammalahti's version: FU *si6i6ni
Addenda: Koib. танъ; Mot. тенъ
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-fin,uralet-est,uralet-saa,uralet-mrd,uralet-mar,uralet-udm,uralet-kom,uralet-khn,uralet-man,uralet-ugr,uralet-nen,uralet-enc,uralet-nga,uralet-slk,uralet-kam,uralet-samm2,uralet-add,
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