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Germanic etymology :

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Proto-Germanic: *sōwila-n; *sōwulō; *sunnēn, -an, -ōn; *súnɵ=, *súnɵra-n
Meaning: sun; south
IE etymology: IE etymology
Gothic: sɔ̄il n. (a) `sun'; sunnō f. (n), n. (n) `sun'
Old Norse: sōl f. `Sonne'; Run. Norwdat. sg. solu; sunna f. `Sonne'; suδr n. `Süden'
Norwegian: sol; sud
Old Swedish: sol `Sonne'; and-sülis `der Sonnezugewendet'; sunna
Swedish: söder
Old Danish: sol; Run. suɵr-
Old English: sunna, -an m. `sun'; { sunne m. }; { sūɵ adv. }
English: sun
Old Frisian: sunne; sūther, sūth
Old Saxon: sunna f., sunno m.; sūthar-
Middle Dutch: sonne f.; suut, suder
Dutch: zon f.; { zuid }
Old Franconian: sunna
Middle Low German: sunne; sūt, sūder
Old High German: sunno m. (11.Jh.), sunna f. (8.Jh.); sundar
Middle High German: sunne wk./st. f., wk./st. m., md. sonne 'sonne'; sunder 'südlich'; sūdenǟre st. m. 'südwind'
German: sunne f., m., mitteld. sonne
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-got,germet-onord,germet-norw,germet-oswed,germet-swed,germet-odan,germet-oengl,germet-engl,germet-ofris,germet-osax,germet-mdutch,germet-dutch,germet-olfrank,germet-mlg,germet-ohg,germet-mhg,germet-hg,

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Indo-European etymology :

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Proto-IE: *sāw-el- (/*sūl-); *sw-en-
Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology
Meaning: sun
Hittite: ? siwatt- c./n. 'Tag' (Friedrich 194)
Tokharian: A swāñce, B swāñco, swāñcai- (PT *swāñcai-) 'ray (of light), (sun) beam' (Adams 725)
Old Indian: súvar, svàr, gen. sū́raḥ, sū́rya-, sū́ra- m. `sun'
Avestan: hvarǝ, gen. hūrō n. 'Sonne'; xvǝ̄ng 'Sonne' (< *su̯en-s)
Old Greek: hom. ǟélio-s, att. hǟ́lio-s, dor., ark. āélio-s, kret. *āwélio-s: abélios Hsch. m. `Sonne'
Slavic: *sъlnьce, *sъln-; *soln- (посолонь)
Baltic: *saûl-iā̃ (1) f.
Germanic: *sōw-il-a- n.; *sōw-ul-ō f.; *sunn-an- m., n., -ōn- f.; *sún-ɵ=, *sún-ɵ-r-a- n.
Latin: sōl, gen. -is m. `Sonne'
Celtic: *sāwel > Cymr haul, OCorn heuul, MCorn heul, houl, Bret heol `Sonne'; + OIr sūil f. Auge
Albanian: hüɫ, üɫ Stern
Russ. meaning: солнце
References: WP II 446 f, 531
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-hitt,piet-tokh,piet-ind,piet-avest,piet-greek,piet-slav,piet-balt,piet-germ,piet-lat,piet-celt,piet-alb,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,

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Vasmer's dictionary :

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Word: со́лнце,
Near etymology: укр. со́нце, др.-русск. сълньце, ст.-слав. слъньце ἥλιος (Остром., Супр.), болг. слъ́нце, сербохорв. су̑нце, словен. sо̑lnсе, чеш. slunce, слвц. slnce, польск. sɫоńсе, в.-луж. sɫónco, н.-луж. sɫуńсо.
Further etymology: Праслав. *sъlnьсе -- уменьш. образование от *sъlnь, ср. по́солонь (см.), ст.-слав. бесльньнъ ἀνήλιος (Супр.), а также солнопёк, солноворо́т (Френкель, ZfslPh 13, 212). Образование аналогично се́рдце (Брандт, РФВ 24, 189). Родственно лит. sáulė "солнце", лтш. saũle, др.-прусск. saule, др.-инд. svar- ср. р., вед. súvar, род. п. sū́ras ср. р. "солнце, свет, небо", sū́ras, sū́rуаs "солнце", авест. hvarǝ, род. п. χvǝŋg ср. р. "солнце, солнечный свет", гот. sauil "солнце", кимр. haul, лат. sōl ср. р., греч. ἥλιος, гомер. ἠέλιος, дор. ἀ̄έλιος (и.-е. *sāvel), алб. hyll, уll "звезда" (*sūl-), далее сюда же гот. sunnô ж., д.-в.-н. sunnа "солнце", древняя и.-е. основа на -l : -n (см. Френкель, KZ 63, 168; Траутман, ВSW 251; Шпехт 9; М.--Э. 3, 773; Кречмер, KZ 31, 351; Педерсен, KZ 32, 256; Kelt. Gr. I, 62; Уленбек, Aind. Wb. 355; Г. Майер, Alb. Wb. 460; Отрембский, LР I, 337; Гофман, Gr. Wb. 107; Вальде--Гофм. 2, 553 и сл.). Относительно слав. *sъlnьсе
как ласкат. образования ср. Хаверс 84 и сл.
Pages: 3,710-711
vasmer-general,vasmer-origin,vasmer-pages,

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Baltic etymology :

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Proto-Baltic: *saûl-iā̃ (1) f.
Meaning: sun
Indo-European etymology: Indo-European etymology
Lithuanian: sáulē `Sonne'
Lettish: saũle `Sonne'
Old Prussian: saule `Sonne' V. 7
baltet-meaning,baltet-prnum,baltet-lith,baltet-lett,baltet-oprus,

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Pokorny's dictionary :

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Number: 1652
Root: sā́u̯el-, sāu̯ol-, suu̯él-, su̯el-, sūl-
English meaning: sun
German meaning: `Sonne'
General comments: woneben su̯en-, sun-, also alter l/n-Stamm; su̯el- `schwelen, brennen' ist wohl damit identisch
Material: 1. Ai. ved. súvar n. = av. hvarǝ `Sonne, Licht, Himmel', Gen. súraḥ = jav. hūrō, ai. sū́rya- (*sūlii̯o-) m. (vgl. gr. ἥλιος), sūra- m. `Sonne'; davon ai. sūrta- `hell', ai. svárṇara- m. `Lichtraum, Äther', av. x ̌arǝnah-, ар. -farnah- `Ruhmesglanz, Herrlichkeit';

    gr. hom. ἠέλιος, att. ἥλιος, dor. ἀέλιος, ἅ̄λιος, kret. ἀβέλιος Hes. (d. i. ἀ̄ελιος) `Sonne', Weiterbildung des n. *sāu̯el zum m. -i̯o-St. (vgl. ai. sū́rya-); lat. sōl, -is m. `Sonne' (aus neutr. *sāu̯el über *sāu̯ol, *sāol); cymr. haul, acorn. heuul, mcorn. heul, houl, bret. heol `Sonne' (*sāu̯el-); dazu air. sūil f. `Auge' aus *sūli-, ablautgleich mit ai. sū́raḥ, und alb.hül, ül `Stern' (*sūlo- oder *sūli-);

    got. sauil n. (*sōwila-), aisl. sōl f. (*sōwulā) `Sonne', aisl. and-sø̄lis, aschw. and-sylis `der Sonne zugewendet';

    unsicher die Runennamen got. sugil, ags. sygel, sigel aus urgerm. *sugila-, ablaut. mit as. swigli `hell, strahlend' aus *swegila-, ags. sweg(e)l n. `Himmel, Sonne', swegle `hell, strahlend' aus *swagila-;

    balt. *sāu̯eli̯ā f. in lit. lett. sáulė `Sonne';

    slav. *sulnika- n. in aksl. slьnъce `Sonne' (das -ni- von *ogni `Feuer');

    2. Vom -en-St.:

    av. x ̌ǝng `der Sonne' (idg. *su̯en-s), Gen. von hvarǝ; got. sunnō (Dat. sunnin, neutr. nach sauil), ags. sunna, ahd. sunno, sunna `Sonne', wozu als `sonnseitig = südlich' aisl. suðr `Süden', Adv. `südwärts', ags. sūðerra, as. sūthar-liudi (`Südleute'), ahd. sundar `Süden', Adv. `südwärts', mhd. sund `Süden' usw. (nhd. Süd aus dem Nd.).

References: WP. II 446 f., WH. II 553 f., Trautmann 251, A. Scherer Gestirnnamen 45 ff.
Pages: 881-882
PIE database: PIE database
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-comments,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,

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Nostratic etymology :

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Eurasiatic: *si̯aχu (-ɣ-)
Meaning: sun
Borean: Borean
Indo-European: *sāu̯ĕ-l- / *său̯ĕ-n-
Altaic: *si̯ŏ̀gu
Kartvelian: Georg., Svan. sχiv- 'ray'
Eskimo-Aleut: *ciqi-n
References: МССНЯ 366; ND 2136 *s̄i[h]wV 'sun' (TM : Arab. zhw 'shine (lamp), Eg. sw 'day, time'?); 2187 *ŝVɣV 'ray' (Kartv. + Arab. šuʕʕ- 'rays').
nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-kart,nostret-esk,nostret-reference,

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Altaic etymology :

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Proto-Altaic: *si̯ŏ̀gu
Nostratic: Nostratic
Meaning: sun; sky
Russian meaning: солнце; небо
Tungus-Manchu: *sigūn
Korean: *hắi
Japanese: *suà-rá
Comments: Lee 1958, 118, АПиПЯЯ 49, 81, 292. An Eastern isogloss. It is also interesting (cf. Whitman 1985, 148-150) to note MKor. hànắr 'sky', which may, together with PJ *suàrá id., go back to a complex form *si̯og[u]n-lV.
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-jap,altet-reference,

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Tungus etymology :

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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *sigūn
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: sun
Russian meaning: солнце
Evenki: siɣūn
Negidal: siɣun
Spoken Manchu: šun, sun (2033)
Literary Manchu: šun
Ulcha: siu(n)
Orok: su(n)
Nanai: siu(n)
Oroch: seu(n)
Udighe: sū(n)
Solon: š́igũ
Comments: ТМС 2, 78.
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-neg,tunget-sib,tunget-man,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-ude,tunget-sol,tunget-reference,

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Korean etymology :

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Proto-Korean: *hắi
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: sun; year
Russian meaning: солнце; год
Modern Korean:
Middle Korean: hắi
Comments: Nam 482, KED 1808.
koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,

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Japanese etymology :

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Proto-Japanese: *suà-rá
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: sky
Russian meaning: небо
Old Japanese: swora
Middle Japanese: sòrá
Tokyo: sóra
Kyoto: sòrá
Kagoshima: sorá
Comments: JLTT 530.
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,

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Eskimo etymology :

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Proto-Eskimo: *ciqi-nǝʁ
Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology
Meaning: sun
Russian meaning: солнце
Proto-Yupik: *ciqi-nǝʁ
Proto-Inupik: *ciqi-nǝʁ
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 84
esqet-prnum,esqet-meaning,esqet-rmean,esqet-yup,esqet-inup,esqet-refer,

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Yupik etymology :

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Proto-Yupik: *ciqi-nǝʁ
Eskimo etymology: Eskimo etymology
Meaning: sun
Russian Meaning: солнце
Chaplino: siqínǝq (ʁǝt)
Central Alaskan Yupik: ciqinǝq 'ray of the sun'
PAME: *cǝqi-nǝʁ
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 84
yupet-prnum,yupet-mean,yupet-rmean,yupet-chap,yupet-cay,yupet-pame,yupet-ced,

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Inupik etymology :

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Proto-Inupik: *cịqï-nǝ̣ʁ
Eskimo etymology: Eskimo etymology
Meaning: sun 1, to be sunshine 2
Russian meaning: солнце 1, светить о солнце 2
Seward Peninsula Inupik: siʁinǝq 'reflection on sun in water'
SPI Dialects: W siʁẹniq* 1
North Alaskan Inupik: siqińɨq (ʁ) 1, siqińɨq- 'to become spoiled in sun (meat)'
NAI Dialects: B, Ingl siqẹniq* 1
Western Canadian Inupik: siqiniq 1, siqinniq- 2 [Schn.]
WCI Dialects: Cor hiqẹniq*, M siqẹniq* 1
Eastern Canadian Inupik: siqiniq 1, 'South', siqiniq- 2
Greenlandic Inupik: siqiniq (ʁ) (seqineq*) 1, siqinniʁ- 2, siqiniʁ- 'to suffer sunstroke', siqiniɣaq 'meat gone off in sun'
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 84
inupet-prnum,inupet-meaning,inupet-rmean,inupet-spi,inupet-spis,inupet-nai,inupet-nais,inupet-wci,inupet-wcis,inupet-eci,inupet-gri,inupet-ced,

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Long-range etymologies :

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Borean (approx.) : CVWV
Meaning : sun
Eurasiatic : *si̯aχu (-ɣ-)
Sino-Caucasian : *ʒǝ̆wɨ̆
Austric : PAN *qajaw 'day', *zawa 'daybreak, dawn'
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-scc,globet-austr,

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Sino-Caucasian etymology :

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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *ʒǝ̆wɨ̆́
Meaning: sky, sun
Borean etymology: Borean etymology
North Caucasian: *ʒǝ̆wɨ̆
Burushaski: *sa
sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-buru,

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North Caucasian etymology :

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Proto-North Caucasian: *ʒǝ̆wɨ̆
Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology
Meaning: sky
Proto-Avaro-Andian: *zibu
Proto-Lak: s:aw
Proto-Dargwa: *c:ab
Proto-Lezghian: *c:aw
Proto-Khinalug: c:ʷa
Proto-West Caucasian: *zʷV
Notes: One of the most stable and widely spread roots in NC. Correspondences are regular (labialisation in PWC reflects the original *-w-).

    See Trubetzkoy 1930, 276, Abdokov 1983, 93.

caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-aand,caucet-lak,caucet-darg,caucet-lezg,caucet-khin,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,

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Avar-Andian etymology :

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Protoform: *zibu
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: 1 sky 2 day
Avar: zob 1
Chadakolob: žob 1
Andian language: zubu 2
Akhvakh: žō 2
Tindi: zebu 2
Karata: zebu 2
Botlikh: ziwu 2
Bagvalal: zeb 2
Godoberi: zibu 2
Comments: Av. paradigm C (zo-dí-l, zóba-l; but Chad. A: gen. žóbi-l). Cf. also Akhv. Tseg. žobo, Kar. Tok. zobi (with vowel metathesis). Tind. > Inkh. zebu 'day'.
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-avc,aandet-and,aandet-akv,aandet-tnd,aandet-krt,aandet-btl,aandet-bgv,aandet-gdb,aandet-comment,

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Lak etymology :

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Lak root: s:aw
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: sky
Lak form: s:aw
Comments: 4th class. Cf. Khosr. s:aw id. There exists also an archaic form s:uru 'sky' reflecting the old plural (cf. PD *c:ub-ri).
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,laket-comment,

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Dargwa etymology :

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Proto-Dargwa: *c:ab
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: 1 sky 2 rain
Akusha: zab 2
Chiragh: c:ab 1
Comments: PD *c:ab 'sky; rain' (cf. also Kub. c:ab 'sky', Ur. ʒav 'rain' etc.). The plural form *c:ub-ri is used generally with the meaning 'heaven' (Ak. zub-ri, Ur. ʒuv-ri etc.). There exists also a derivate *c:ubar(i) meaning 'star': Ak. zubar, Mek. zubari etc. (this is probably also a former plural building).
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-drg,darget-chr,darget-comment,

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Lezghian etymology :

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Proto-Lezghian: *c:aw
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: sky
Lezghian: c:av
Tabasaran: zav
Agul: zav
Kryz: zav
Budukh: zǝv
Comment: Obl. stem *c:awɨ-, cf. Lezg. c:avu-, Tab. zavu-, Ag. zavu-. Cf. also Tab. Düb. ʒav, Kryz. Al. ʒov. 4th class on Kryz. and Bud.

    See Trubetzkoy 1930, 83; Лексика 1971, 190; Гигинейшвили 1977, 84; Талибов 1980, 293.

lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-krz,lezget-bud,lezget-comment,

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Khinalug etymology :

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Khinalug root: c:ʷa
North Caucasian etymology: 134
Meaning: sky
Khinalug form: c:ʷa
khinet-prnum,khinet-meaning,khinet-khi,

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Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :

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Proto-West-Caucasian: *zʷV
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: 1 sky 2 star
Abkhaz: á-ž̌-ʕʷan 1
Abaza: žʷ-ʕʷand 1
Adyghe: žā-ʁʷa 2
Kabardian: vā-ʁʷa 2
Ubykh: zʷa 1
Comments: PAT *zʷǝ-ʕʷa-nǝ (the final -d in Abaz. is secondary). -nǝ here is a common nominal suffix, and *zʷǝ-ʕʷa corresponds exactly to PAK *zʷa-ʁʷá. Ub. def. á-zʷa.

    The meaning 'star' of PAK *zʷa-ʁʷá is obviously secondary (it was acquired after the original 'star' morpheme, *-cʷa, shifted to 'sky' in the compound *wa-cʷa - see *c̣ʷA; the two roots have thus "changed places" in PAK). Abdokov (1983, 93) compares the AT and AK forms with PAK *ž́ǝ 'wind, air', which is improbable for phonetic reasons (see PWC *ɣ́ǝ).

abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-abk,abadet-aba,abadet-adg,abadet-kab,abadet-ubk,abadet-comment,

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Burushaski etymology :

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Common Burushaski: *sa
Sino-Caucasian Etymology: Sino-Caucasian Etymology
Meaning: 1 sun 2 day 3 month
Yasin: sa 1, 2, -sa 3
Hunza: sa, pl. sámuc̣ 1, 2, -sa(n), -samo 3
Nagar: sa, pl. sámuc̣ 1, 2, -sa(n), -samo 3
buruet-prnum,buruet-meaning,buruet-yas,buruet-hun,buruet-ngr,

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