Baltic etymology :

Proto-Baltic: *nī̂t-i- (1) c.

Meaning: reed (in loom)

Indo-European etymology: Indo-European etymology

Lithuanian: nī́ti-s (gen. -ies) `Hevelte, Weberkamm', pl. nī̃tīs 'Weberkette'

Lettish: nĩts (gen. -s), pl. nĩtis, nĩtes `Weberheftel'

Indo-European etymology :

Proto-IE: *nēy-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to sew

Old Indian: nīví, nīvī f. `a piece of cloth wrapped round the waist'

Slavic: *nītъ, *nītь, *nītjā

Baltic: *nī̂t-i- (1) c.

Germanic: *nē-ja- vb., *nē-d-í- c., *nē-ɵl-ō f., *nē-dl-ō f.

Celtic: *nāt= > OIr nāthat `Nadel'; Cymr nodwydd `acus, acicula', OCorn notuid `Nadel', MBret nadoez `Nadel'

Russ. meaning: шить

References: WP II 694 f

Comments: [Seems to be distinct from *snē(y)- 'spin']

Vasmer's dictionary :

Germanic etymology :

Proto-Germanic: *nējan- vb., *nēdí-z, *nēɵlō, *nēdlō

Meaning: needle

IE etymology: IE etymology

Gothic: *nēɵla f. (ō) `needle'

Old Norse: nāl f. `Nadel'

Norwegian: nɔl `Nadel'

Swedish: nɔl `Nadel'

Old English: wsax. nǟdl, angl. nēɵl `Nadel'

English: needle

Old Frisian: nēlde

Old Saxon: nāthla, nādla

Middle Dutch: naeyen; naet f., m.; naelde f.

Dutch: naaien; naad m., naald f.

Middle Low German: neyen; nāt f.; nālde, ŋātel

Old High German: nāen (9.Jh.) `nähen', { nāu `nähe' }, nāt `Naht' (11.Jh.), nādala,nālda `Nadel'

Middle High German: nǟjen, nǟn, nǟen, nǟgen, nǟwen, neigen, neien wk. 'nähen; kunstreich nähen, steppen, sticken'; nāt st. f. 'die naht; kunstreiche naht, stickerei'

German: nähen, Naht f., Nadel

Comments: Fin. niekla < *nēɵlō

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *gVjwV

Meaning: to call

Borean: Borean

Indo-European: *g'haw[a]-, *g'hw[ā]-

Chukchee-Kamchatkan: *'ǝɣjiv-

Chukchee-Kamchatkan etymology :

Proto-Chukchee-Kamchatkan: *'ǝɣjiv-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning (Rus.): известный; имя

Proto-Chukchee-Koryak: *ǝɣʒib-

Proto-Itelmen: *hẹla-ŋ

Comments: Сюда же *'ǝjɣul- ~ *'ǝɣjul- 'узнавать' (608).

Chukchee-Koryak etymology :

Proto-Chukchee-Koryak: *ǝɣʒib-

Chukchee-Kamchatkan etymology: Chukchee-Kamchatkan etymology

Meaning (Rus.): быть известным 1, показать 2, стать, делаться известным 3

Chukchee: ɣǝjíw-, -ɣɣíw- 1, ɣǝjíw-ɛw- 3

Koryak: ɣǝjív- 1

Palan: ɣjew- (I) 1, -n-ɣjeval-la- aor. pl. 2

Alutor: ɣ(ǝ)jiv-, -ojiv- 1, t-ojiv-at-, -n-ɣǝjiv-at-, in-ojiv-at- 2

Itelmen etymology :

Proto-Itelmen: *hela-ŋ EI

Chukchee-Kamchatkan etymology: Chukchee-Kamchatkan etymology

Meaning (Rus.): имя

Itelmen: hela-ŋ 1

Itelmen meaning: имя, кличка 1, название 2, называть по имени 3

West Itelmen: xela-('a)n pl. 1, xela-kin adj. 2, 'iĺatɨt-ǝ/ɨz 3

West Itelmen meaning: voces, nomina 1, praeditus nomine 2, nominare 3

West Itelmen meaning (Polish): nazwy, imiona, sɫowa 1, mający nazwę 2, nazywać (się) 3

Number in Volodin 1976: 29

Comments: Ср. также 'ǝn-ɣl(e)- 'узнавать, выведывать' с префиксом каузатива (769).

Long-range etymologies :

Borean (approx.) : KVWV

Meaning : to call

Eurasiatic : *gVjwV

Afroasiatic : *gaʕVy-

Sino-Caucasian : *HixqwV ( ~ -xq̇w-) ?

Afroasiatic etymology :

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *gay(H)-

Meaning: say

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Semitic: *gVʕ/ʔVy- 'roar, scream'

Egyptian: d_wy (pyr) 'call' (<*gVwVy-?)

Western Chadic: *gay/H- 'tell' 1, 'say' 2

Central Chadic: *gay-'call'

East Chadic: Kwan ʔógé, Sumray ʔwògǝ̀, Tumak wǝ̀g, Sokoro yēg- 'call' CLR II 59

Warazi (Dullay): Tsamai gǝhǝ 'say'

Mogogodo (Yaaku): okhoi id. Bla Lists, oko Hei Ya ('speak'), possibly <*ʔoghoy-

Omotic: *gay- 'say'

Notes: No traces of *ʕ in Eg.

Semitic etymology :

Number: 587

Proto-Semitic: *gVʕ/ʔVy-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'roar, scream'

Ugaritic: gʕt 'roaring'

Hebrew: gʕy 'to roar, low' HAL 199

Syrian Aramaic: gʕʔ 'to scream'

Soqotri: géʔgéʔ 'mugir, rire' LS 100

Egyptian etymology :

Old Egyptian: d_wy (pyr)

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'rufen'

Notes: EG V 550

West Chadic etymology :

Proto-WChadic: *gay/H-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'tell' 1, 'say' 2

Hausa: gáyà 1

Tangale: gā́, kā́ 2 [JgT]

Central Chadic etymology :

Proto-CChadic: *gay-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'call'

Tera: ga [Kr: 9], g'a [Nm]

Chibak: ɣà

Notes: according to Newman, g- is palatalized

Omotic etymology :

Proto-Omotic: *gay-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'say'

Sheko: ge

Dime: gee-mu

Galila: gay

Ari: gai-

Sino-Caucasian etymology :

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *HixqwV ( ~ -xq̇w-)

Meaning: name

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Yenisseian: *ʔiG ( ~ *ʔix)

Burushaski: *jek

Comments and references : DCE 29. [Cf. *qwĕjV̆́ ?]

Yenisseian etymology :

Proto-Yenisseian: *ʔiG

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: name

Ket: ī, pl. ɛʔŋ

Yug: i, pl. ɛʔŋ

Kottish: ix (īx), pl. īkŋ / ekŋ / eäkŋ

Pumpokol: i (Сл.)

Comments: ССЕ 193. Werner 1, 392 <*igǝ>.

Burushaski etymology :

Common Burushaski: *jek

Sino-Caucasian Etymology: Sino-Caucasian Etymology

Meaning: name

Yasin: -jék

Hunza: -ík

Nagar: -ík

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