Change viewing parameters
Select another database

Gondi etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Gondi : *ḷup-i
Meaning : spotted deer
Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology
Seoni Gondi : duppi
Koya Gondi : luppi
Maria Gondi (Mitchell) : lūpi
Adilabad Gondi : ḍuppal
Number in DED : 694
Number in CVOTGD : 1570, 3117
gonet-meaning,gonet-prnum,gonet-gondi_s,gonet-gondi_ko,gonet-gondi_m,gonet-gondi_a,gonet-dednum,gonet-voc_num,

Search within this database


Gondwan etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Gondi-Kui : *ḷup-
Meaning : deer
Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology
Proto-Gondi : *ḷup-i
Konda : ḍupi
gndet-meaning,gndet-prnum,gndet-gon,gndet-kon,

Search within this database


Konda etymology :

Search within this database
Konda : ḍupi
Meaning: axis deer
Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology
Number in DED : 694
konet-meaning,konet-prnum,konet-dednum,

Search within this database


Dravidian etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Dravidian : *uẓ-up-
Meaning : deer
Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology
Proto-South Dravidian: *uẓ-ai
Proto-Telugu : *dupp-
Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *uṛup-i
Proto-Gondi-Kui : *ḷup-
dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,dravet-koga,dravet-gnd,

Search within this database


South Dravidian etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-South Dravidian : *uẓ-ai
Meaning : deer
Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology
Tamil : uẓai
Tamil meaning : deer
Malayalam : uẓa-mān, uẓal-mān
Malayalam meaning : porcine deer
Kannada : duppi
Kannada meaning : the spotted deer with branching horns, the axis
Tulu : urè, ule, (B-K.) uḷe
Tulu meaning : deer
Number in DED : 0694
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-dednum,

Search within this database


Telugu etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Telugu : *dupp-
Meaning : deer
Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology
Telugu : duppi
Number in DED : 694
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_1,telet-dednum,

Search within this database


Kolami-Gadba etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *uṛup-i
Meaning : deer
Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology
Kinwat Kolami : ḍuppi
Parji : uṛup (pl. uṛpul) "spotted deer"
Poya Gadba : ḍuppi "stag"
Kondekor Gadba : duppi "stag"
Notes : It is not excluded that the root should be reconstructed as *ṛup- with a prothetic u- in Parji.
Number in DED : 694
kogaet-meaning,kogaet-prnum,kogaet-kol_kin,kogaet-parji,kogaet-poya,kogaet-s_3,kogaet-notes,kogaet-dednum,

Search within this database


Nostratic etymology :

Search within this database
Eurasiatic: *ʔoru
Meaning: deer, antilope
Borean: Borean
Altaic: *orV
Dravidian: *uṛ-up-
References: ND 82 *ʔoŕ(u) '(male) antelope, deer' (connecting also PS *ʔarw- 'gazelle' and a couple of very dubious Cush. forms).
nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-alt,nostret-drav,nostret-reference,

Search within this database


Altaic etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Altaic: *orV
Nostratic: Nostratic
Meaning: deer, antelope
Russian meaning: олень, антилопа
Turkic: *orga
Mongolian: *(h)oroŋgo
Tungus-Manchu: *oran
Comments: A Western isogloss.
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-reference,

Search within this database


Turkic etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Turkic: *orga
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: female or young maral
Russian meaning: самка или детеныш марала
Tatar: orɣacaq (Sib.)
Khakassian: orɣa, orɣača (Kyz.)
Shor: orɣa
Comments: Борг. 629.
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-tat,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-reference,

Search within this database


Mongolian etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Mongolian: *(h)oroŋgo
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: a k. of antelope
Russian meaning: вид антилопы
Written Mongolian: oroŋɣu (L 623: oruŋɣu)
Khalkha: oroŋgo
Buriat: oroŋgo
Kalmuck: orŋgǝ 'rhinoceros' (КРС 403)
Ordos: oroŋgo
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,

Search within this database


Tungus etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *oran
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: reindeer
Russian meaning: олень
Evenki: oron
Even: orъ̣n
Negidal: ojon
Literary Manchu: oron
Ulcha: oro(n)
Nanai: orõ
Oroch: oro
Udighe: oro
Comments: ТМС 2, 24-25.
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-man,tunget-ulc,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-ude,tunget-reference,

Search within this database


Long-range etymologies :

Search within this database
Borean (approx.) : HVRV
Meaning : goat, deer
Eurasiatic : *ʔoru
Afroasiatic : *ʔaruy- (cf. also *ʔVr-n/m- (?) )
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,

Search within this database


Afroasiatic etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ʔaruy-
Meaning: (wild?) goat; sheep
Borean etymology: Borean etymology
Semitic: *ʔarwiy- 'wild goat, gazelle'
Berber: *HarVy (*H <*ʔ/*h) 'sheep, small cattle'
Western Chadic: *ʔ/war- 'ram, goat'
East Chadic: *ʔVwr- ~ *ʔarw- 'goats' 1, 'duiker' 2
Saho-Afar: *ʔVray- 'goat'
Low East Cushitic: *ʔVri(r)- ~ *riʔ- 'goat'
High East Cushitic: *ʔaray- 'sheep/bushbuck'
South Cushitic: *ʔari 'goat'
Mogogodo (Yaaku): *ʔVrVr- 'antelope sp.'
Omotic: *Har(y) 'flock of sheep'
Notes: Cf. Tak. 94,136: comp. Eg. ʕr 'goat' with SCu (<*ʔ-, not ʕ-, which Takac himself sygnalizes) and Dah ēri (mistake: should be hééri - in Ehr., and EhrEldNurse 15). The Chad. forms compared with Eg. ʕr 'she-goat' ([Tak. ibid.]; accepted by [Tak I 136-7]) are reconstructed with *ʕ-. This contradicts the correspondences proposed by Stolbova: for the Sura group, to which Mnt. and Grk. belong [Stolb. 1996 7], Afras. and P. Chad *ʔ- and *ʕ- yield *ʔ- [ibid. 74, table 7], while in the Lai group, to which Lele belongs [ibid. 8], the situation with laryngeals is obscure [ibid. 74, table 7; 97, table 19]. Cf. HSED 50: Can.; Boni eriya, Rnd. ari (both not found in dict. available), Burji; SCu. Bl.Beja Fauna 22: Cu. Cf. Dolg. HSAn.names 2 (Sem, Beja), 4 (to Sem-Eg *ʕyr 'ass': Dah heri 'goat, sheep'; SCu ara 'goats'; WCh ur 'he-goat', Lele ōrē 'goats')
afaset-meaning,afaset-prnum,afaset-sem,afaset-brb,afaset-wch,afaset-ech,afaset-sho,afaset-lec,afaset-hec,afaset-scu,afaset-mgg,afaset-omo,afaset-notes,

Search within this database


Semitic etymology :

Search within this database
Number: 1954
Proto-Semitic: *ʔarwiy-
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: '(wild) goat, gazelle'
Akkadian: armû (arw/biu, arwû, fem. arw/bītu, armītu) 'gazelle' OAkk. on [CAD a2 294], [AHw. 73].
Eblaitic: a-wi-um = Sum. [DÀR]A?.DÀ [MEE IV 1251']. // To be normalized as /ʔarwiyum/ (on the orthographic conventions underlying this interpretation v. [Conti Ebla 19, 32ff.]). Cf., however, Sem. *ʔiwVy- No. 95. Hardly to be identified with *ʔayyal- No. ... as proposed in [Bonechi-Conti 10].
Arabic: ʔurwiyyat- 'chèvre de montagne' [BK 1 959], [Fr. II 214], [Lane 1196-7], [LA XIV 350] (ʔal-ʔunt_ā̀ mina-l-wuʕūli; also ʔirwiyyat-). V. further [Hommel 281].
Epigraphic South Arabian: (?) Sab. ʔrwy-n (pl.) '(female) mountain goat, ibex' [SD 7]. // A Hapax in the dificult passage RES 4176/5: ḥt_̣r tʔlb s1ʔr ʔrwyn bn ns3g bn mṣrn ('the god [Tʔlb] has prohibited the rest of the mountain goats from being prevented from feeding' according to [Biella 26]). The traditional interpretation of this term as an animal name was rightly put to doubt in [Sima 25] ('Tʔlb hat ein Verbot erlassen bezüglich der ʔRWY, dass man (sie) nicht wegtreibe? von dem MṢR').
Mehri: ʔarī́t 'goat' [Nakano 116].
Notes: The Akk. form is to be treated, at least synchronically, as a separate lexeme different from armu (on which see below); only forms with noncontracted or plene-written Auslaut are thought to belong here. Aboundantly attested from OAkk. on, they are found almost exclusively in proper names and lexical lists (ar-mu-u = ṣabītum in Malku V 42, ar-wi-um = MAS̆.DÀ in CBS 8538:17) which made doubtful the genuine Akk. origin of the term (cf. the explicit statement in [CAD]: "the WSem. loan armû"). Now, however, a. is attested not only in OB Mari (šētētum <ša> ar-wi-i 'nets <for> gazelles' ARM 14 38:6), but also in the OB Baby-Beschwörung OECT XI 19 22 (liṣbassu-mi ša iṣbatu ṣabītam likassīšu-mi ša ukassû ar-wi-[am] 'may that who caught the gazelle catch him, may that who tied the deer tie him!', cf. [Far ber...]) so that its good Akk. origin is beyond doubt. // According to the commonly accepted point of view, the above forms should be united with Hbr. ʔaryē 'lion', Gez. ʔarwe 'wild animal' and similar terms (cf. No. ...) into one PS root meaning 'wild beast' (v., among many others, [Hommel 281-2], [Landsberger 100], [DRS 32], [LGz. 40], [Lipiński Lion 213], with reservations also [OS No. 56]). At present, we prefer to treat the two groups of terms as belonging to separate PS roots (doubts about the correctness of the traditional approach cf. already in [Nöldeke MG 167]). Note in particular that if the traditional approach is correct, one has either to assume that the rather specific meaning shift 'wild beast' > 'wild goat' occurred independently in both Akkadian and Arabic (languages quite distant both geographically and genealogically) or to posit it already for the earliest stages of PS (which practically amounts to postulating two separate roots as it is done here). On the other hand, the obvious advantage of the traditional approach is that it takes into account the complementary distribution of the two sets of meanings: in no Sem. language both *ʔarwVy- 'wild goat' and *ʔarwVy- 'wild beast, lion' are reflected. // Definitely inconvincing is the comparison of both groups of terms to Akk. erû 'eagle' (for which v. No. ...). // Likely related to the present root are semantically similar forms with the base *ʔVr- augmented with suffixed -m- or -n- (cf. *ʔVrn/m-, No.). // For bibliographic references v. next item.
semet-proto,semet-prnum,semet-meaning,semet-akk,semet-ebl,semet-ara,semet-sar,semet-mhr,semet-notes,

Search within this database


Berber etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Berber: *HarVy (*H <*ʔ/*h)
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'sheep, small cattle'
Ghat: ih[ǝ]ri, pl. ihrawen 'bien (fortune)' Neh. 134
Ayr: ehăre, pl. ihǝrwan 'bétail, bien' Aloj. 80; a-hiar 'faon de gazelle' [ibid. 81]
Ahaggar (Tahaggart): ehere, pl. ihǝrawen 'menu bétail', ehere, pl. ihǝrwan 'bien matériel' Pr H, No. 397; a-hiar 'faon de gazelle' [Fouc. 547]
Tawllemmet: ehăre, pl. ihǝrwan 'bétail, bien' Aloj. 80; a-hiar 'faon de gazelle' [ibid. 81]
Semlal: ähruy 'mouton' (coll.) Dest. 193; tähruitt, pl. tihray 'brebis' ibid. 45
Izdeg: Moyen Atlas (Maroc central) ara 'agneau d'un an' Kössmann No. 197
Canarian: Ten. hara 'oveja' Wölf. 174; ara 'goat' (=axa) [Glas], 'chèvre' [Chil., Mil.) Wōlfel, 486; Gr. Can. ta-har-an 'sheep(s)', ta-hax-an 'oveja', 'brebis', ti-hax-an 'mouton' Wölf., 488; aridaman 'Preciaban las cabras que llamaban ~', 'cabra o rebaño', cf. Hgr. edmen 'mettre de la graisse dans, etc.' (comp. by Wölfel, No. 176), i.e. 'fattened goat'
Notes: Cf. [Prasse 68, 74; Kossm. 98]
brbet-prnum,brbet-meaning,brbet-ght,brbet-ayr,brbet-ahg,brbet-twl,brbet-sml,brbet-izd,brbet-gua,brbet-notes,

Search within this database


West Chadic etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-WChadic: *ʔ/war-
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'ram, goat'
Hausa: ara-ara 'type of long-legged ram, goat, sheep' Abr. 35 (Hs 0- only <*ʔ-: Stolb. 96, 74; comp. to Brb.-Can. by Wölfel 486)
Montol: ur 'he-goat' HSED No. 1112 (<*ʕwaru-, counter to correspondences in Stolb. 96)
Ankwe=Goemai: ur [Fp]
Gerke=Yiwom: ur [Fp] 'he-goat' HSED No. 1112 (<*ʕwaru-, counter to correspondences in Stolb. 96)
Dera=Kanakuru: ? ara 'meat' HSED No. 50 (or < Afras. 'cow, calf'?)
Kulere: wàr [JgR] 'he-goat' HSED No. 1112 (<*ʕwaru-, counter to correspondences in Stolb. 96)
wchet-prnum,wchet-meaning,wchet-hsa,wchet-mnt,wchet-ank,wchet-grk,wchet-der,wchet-klr,

Search within this database


East Chadic etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-EChadic: *ʔVwr- ~ *ʔarw-
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'goats' 1, 'duiker' 2
Lele: ōrē 'goats' HSED No. 1112 (<*ʔVwar-)
Migama: ʔā́ró [JMig] 'duiker'
echet-prnum,echet-meaning,echet-lle,echet-mig,

Search within this database


Saho-Afar etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Saho-Afar: *ʔVray-
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'goat'
Afar (Danakil): eráy-taa 'goat' (R Af), ra'y (pl.), reeta (f.)
shoet-prnum,shoet-meaning,shoet-afar,

Search within this database


Low East Cushitic etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Low East Cushitic: *ʔVri(r)- ~ *riʔ-
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'goat'
Somali: ari, eri 'pecore e capre' Som-It 23 (cf. ri(ʔ)- Sasse PEC 22; ri rih "fem. goat" (A ad73) GRAGG 4002
Oromo (Galla): reetii, pl. reʔoota 'goat' [Gragg 342]; reʔ-ee Sasse PEC 22; reetii "goat" (T ad73) [mc47 ad73 reettii : goat ad73 re7-ee : goat] GRAGG 4002
Rendille: riḥ-i [Heine 78 94]; Sasse PEC 22; riyyo "goat" (F ad73) [hs79 rih*-i ri-yo(pl.) : goat] GRAGG 4002
Baiso: arer "goat" (F ad73) GRAGG 4002
Elmolo: Elmolo rr'ete 'female goat' Heine Elm., 209
Dasenech (Geleba): re-ččo, pl. reʔe 'goat' Huds. HEC, 71
Notes: part of the forms metathetic
lecet-prnum,lecet-meaning,lecet-som,lecet-oro,lecet-rnd,lecet-bay,lecet-dum,lecet-gel,lecet-notes,

Search within this database


High East Cushitic etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-High East Cushitic: *ʔaray-
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'sheep'
Burji (Bambala, Dashe): aráy 'sheep' (gen. term?) Sasse Bur. 27 (0- <*ʔ-/*ʕ-: ibid. 18); araa-š-óo (f.) 'ewe; bushbuck' ("Hayward gives the meaning 'sheep which has reverted to the wild'") ibid.
hecet-prnum,hecet-meaning,hecet-bmb,

Search within this database


South Cushitic etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-South Cushitic: *ʔari
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'goat'
Iraqw (Mbulu): ari 'goat', pl. ara
Alagwa (Wasi): pl. ara
Burunge (Mbulungi): pl. ara
Qwadza (Ngomvia): alito (-l- <*-r-)
Notes: Ehr HRSC 297 (Dah. hééri 'goat, sheep' compared by Ehret is counter to his own correspondences)
scuet-prnum,scuet-meaning,scuet-irq,scuet-alg,scuet-bur,scuet-kwz,scuet-notes,

Search within this database


Mogogodo etymology :

Search within this database
Mogogodo: erer, pl. erermai
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'antelope sp.'
Notes: Heine Yaaku 120
mgget-prnum,mgget-meaning,mgget-notes,

Search within this database


Omotic etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Omotic: *Har(y)
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'flock of sheep'
Ometo: Koyra aare 'flock of sheep' Sasse Bur. 27 apud Hayward
omoet-prnum,omoet-meaning,omoet-ome,

Search within this database

Select another database
Change viewing parameters
Total pages generatedPages generated by this script
6239981425080
Help
StarLing database serverPowered byCGI scripts
Copyright 1998-2003 by S. StarostinCopyright 1998-2003 by G. Bronnikov
Copyright 2005-2014 by Phil Krylov