Nakh etymology :

Proto-Nakh: *ḳaw

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: wheat, wheat grain

Chechen: ḳa

Ingush: ḳa

Batsbi: ḳaw

Comments: Obl. base *ḳewi- (Chech. ḳe-, Ing. ḳiwo); 3d class in all languages.

North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *ɦămḳi / *ḳămɦi

Meaning: seed, grain

Proto-Nakh: *ḳaw

Proto-Tsezian: *ʔaḳ ( ~ *ħ-)

Proto-Dargwa: *ʔanḳi

Proto-Lezghian: *hIa(m)ḳ-

Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. Correspondences are regular.

Tsezian etymology :

Proto-Tsezian: *ʔaḳ ( ~ *ħ-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 seed; fruit-stone 2 dough

Tsezi: aḳ 1

Ginukh: aḳ 1

Inkhokvari: aḳ 2

Comments: PTsKh *ʔaḳ. Semantic development: "seed, grain > flour > dough".

Dargwa etymology :

Proto-Dargwa: *ʔanḳi

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: wheat

Akusha: anḳi

Chiragh: ač̣e

Comments: Cf. also Ur. anḳi, Kub. ač̣e, Tsud. anč̣i.

Lezghian etymology :

Proto-Lezghian: *hIa(m)ḳ-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 a sort of small nuts 2 wheat grain, wheat

Lezghian: aḳa 1

Agul: eḳ 2

Rutul: aḳ-aχ 1

Comment: Cf. also Ag. Bursh. ʡaḳ, Fit., Burk. eḳ 'wheat'. The Lezg. form goes back to *hIa(m)ḳVj with a productive *-j-suffix; suffixation in Rut. is less clear. For the semantic development cf. external evidence (variation of meanings between "seed, grain, fruit-stone" and "wheat, wheat grain"). Unfortunately, without the Tab. and Arch. evidence it is hard to prove whether there was or was not a medial nasal resonant (required by external evidence).

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