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Lezghian etymology :

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Proto-Lezghian: *s:a
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: one
Lezghian: sa
Tabasaran: sa
Agul: sad
Rutul: sa
Tsakhur: sa
Kryz: säd
Budukh: sad
Archi: os
Udi: sa
Comment: Evidence for strong *s: : Ag. Bursh. s:a-d; Arch. (in compound numerals) s:e-j-; Ud. sa. It is probable, that Rut. sije-nä 'all' is derived from the same root (as well as Rut. Ikhr. sa-sa-na 'every').

    See Бокарев 1961, 69; Гигинейшвили 1977, 89.

lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-krz,lezget-bud,lezget-arc,lezget-udi,lezget-comment,

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North Caucasian etymology :

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Proto-North Caucasian: *cHǝ̆
Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology
Meaning: one
Proto-Nakh: *cħa
Proto-Avaro-Andian: *ci-
Proto-Tsezian: *hǝ̃s:
Proto-Lak: ca
Proto-Dargwa: *ca
Proto-Lezghian: *s:a
Proto-Khinalug: sa
Proto-West Caucasian: *zV
Notes: The initial cluster *cH may explain some irregularities in reflexation (the most severe ones - not explainable by interlingual borrowings - are strengthening *s- > *s:- in PL and voicing in PWC). It is possible that the monosyllabic structure *cHǝ̆ itself is a contraction < *cǝħV or *ħǝcV - in which case the PTs form should be considered as the most archaic one. Cf. also š(V)- in Urart. š(V)-usǝ 'first', as well as HU *suj- > Hurr. šui(-ne), Urart. šuinǝ 'all, every' (cf. a similar semantic development in several EC languages), see Diakonoff-Starostin 1986, 38.

    See Trubetzkoy 1930, 274; Абдоков 1983, 153.

caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-nakh,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-lak,caucet-darg,caucet-lezg,caucet-khin,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,

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Nakh etymology :

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Proto-Nakh: *cħa
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: one
Chechen: cħaʔ
Ingush: caʕ
Batsbi: cħa
Comments: The final glottal stop is probably secondary (like in other numerals), but it led to an assimilatory development *cħaʔ > caʕ in Ing. (cf. without it forms like cħä "single", cħa-nne /obl. base of caʕ/ etc.).
nakhet-prnum,nakhet-meaning,nakhet-che,nakhet-ing,nakhet-bcb,nakhet-comment,

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Avar-Andian etymology :

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Protoform: *ci-
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: one
Avar: co
Chadakolob: šo
Andian language: se-w
Akhvakh: če-be
Chamalal: se-b
Tindi: se-b
Karata: ce-b
Botlikh: se-b / ce-b
Bagvalal: se-b / ce-b
Godoberi: se-b
Comments: Some languages have irregularly preserved the affricate *c- (Kar., Botl., Bagv.; cf. also And. Kvankh., Zil. ce-b). This should be probably explained by Avar influence.

    Derived from the same root is the PA adverb *ca-ru / *ca-nu (~-o-) 'together' (Kar. sa-ru, God. sa-nu, Cham. sa-n).

aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-avc,aandet-and,aandet-akv,aandet-chm,aandet-tnd,aandet-krt,aandet-btl,aandet-bgv,aandet-gdb,aandet-comment,

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Tsezian etymology :

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Proto-Tsezian: *hǝ̃s:
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: one
Tsezi: sis
Ginukh: hes
Khvarshi: has
Inkhokvari: hos
Bezhta: hõs
Gunzib: hǝ̃s
Comments: The PTs paradigm: *hǝ̃s:, obl. *s:ɨ-. The oblique base is preserved in Gunz. sɨ-d, Bezht. si-d; it is also reflected in the Tsez form sis which is a contamination of former direct and oblique bases. Cf. also Gunz. se-n 'everything', se-se 'some', very probably derived from the same root.
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-cez,cezet-gin,cezet-khv,cezet-inh,cezet-bzt,cezet-gnz,cezet-comment,

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Lak etymology :

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Lak root: ca
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: one
Lak form: ca
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,

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Dargwa etymology :

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Proto-Dargwa: *ca
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: one
Akusha: ca
Chiragh: ca
Comments: Cf. also Ur. ca, Kub. sa etc.
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-drg,darget-chr,darget-comment,

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Khinalug etymology :

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Khinalug root: sa
North Caucasian etymology: 2314
Meaning: one
Khinalug form: sa
Comments: The root contains an irregular s- (c- would be expected), and thus may have been influenced by Lezg. languages.
khinet-prnum,khinet-meaning,khinet-khi,khinet-comment,

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Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :

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Proto-West-Caucasian: *zV
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: 1 one 2 once
Abkhaz: z-nǝ 2
Abaza: za-ḳǝ 1
Adyghe: zǝ 1
Kabardian: zǝ 1
Ubykh: za 1
Comments: PAT *zV; PAK *zǝ.
abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-abk,abadet-aba,abadet-adg,abadet-kab,abadet-ubk,abadet-comment,

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Sino-Caucasian etymology :

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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *HVcǝ̆́
Meaning: one
Borean etymology: Borean etymology
North Caucasian: *cHǝ̆
Sino-Tibetan: *ʔĭt (~ɣ-)
Yenisseian: *χu-sa
Burushaski: *he-
Comments and references : The NC root also means `all' (`everyone') and thus may also match PST *che ( ~ *śe) `every, all' 1561; see HGC 17, HGC 21; in Bur. cf. perhaps also -́ice `alone, separated from others'.
sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-yen,sccet-buru,sccet-notes,

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Sino-Tibetan etymology :

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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *ʔĭt (~ɣ-)
Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology
Meaning: one
Chinese: *ʔit one.
Burmese: ać a unit, one.
Kiranti: *ʔi[t]
Comments: Kanauri id. Ben. 94.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-chin,stibet-burm,stibet-kir,stibet-comments,

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Chinese characters :

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Character:
Modern (Beijing) reading: yī
Preclassic Old Chinese: ʔit
Classic Old Chinese: ʔit
Western Han Chinese: ʔjǝt
Eastern Han Chinese: ʔjǝt
Early Postclassic Chinese: ʔjit
Middle Postclassic Chinese: ʔjit
Late Postclassic Chinese: ʔjit
Middle Chinese: ʔjit
English meaning : be one, single, whole
Russian meaning[s]: 1) один, единица; 2) единство; одинаковый; объединить; 3) весь; целиком; 4) раз...; как только...; 5) при повторении глагола обозначает однократность действия
Comments: As in some other cases, Viet. has secondary nasalisation of the initial.
Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology
Dialectal data: Dialectal data
Radical: 1
Four-angle index: 1
Karlgren code: 0394 a-d
Go-on: iti
Kan-on: itu
Japanese reading: ichi;itsu;hitotsu
Vietnamese reading: nhất
Jianchuan Bai: ji6, ji5
Dali Bai: ji6, ji5
Bijiang Bai: e6
Shijing occurrences: 25.1, 25.2, 40.2, 40.3
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-go,bigchina-kanon,bigchina-jap,bigchina-viet,bigchina-jianchuan,bigchina-dali,bigchina-bijiang,bigchina-shijing,

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Chinese Dialects :

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Number: 1
Chinese etymology: Chinese etymology
Character:
MC description : 臻開三入質影
ZIHUI: 0001 0707
Beijing: i 11
Jinan: i 11
Xi'an: i 11
Taiyuan: iǝʔ 41
Hankou: i 12
Chengdu: i 12
Yangzhou: iǝʔ 4
Suzhou: iôʔ 41
Wenzhou: iai 41
Changsha: i 4
Shuangfeng: i 12
Nanchang: it 41
Meixian: jit 41
Guangzhou: jat 41
Xiamen: it 41 (lit.); cit 41
Chaozhou: ik 41
Fuzhou: eiʔ 41
Shanghai: iîʔ 4
Zhongyuan yinyun: i 43
doc-charref,doc-character,doc-mcinfo,doc-zihui,doc-beijing,doc-jinan,doc-xian,doc-taiyuan,doc-hankou,doc-chengdu,doc-yangzhou,doc-suzhou,doc-wenzhou,doc-changsha,doc-shuangfeng,doc-nanchang,doc-meixian,doc-guangzhou,doc-xiamen,doc-chaozhou,doc-fuzhou,doc-shanghai,doc-zhongyuan,

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Kiranti etymology :

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Proto-Kiranti: *ʔi[t]
Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology
Meaning: one
Kulung: ī-bum
Yamphu: ikko
kiret-prnum,kiret-meaning,kiret-kul,kiret-yam,

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Kulung dictionary :

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Entry: i:bum
Kiranti etymology: Kiranti etymology
Grammar: num.
Meaning: one.
kulet-prnum,kulet-pspeech,kulet-meaning,

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Yamphu dictionary :

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Entry: ikko
Kiranti etymology: Kiranti etymology
Stem: 574
Grammar: num.
Meaning: a) one b) a
Comments: a) ikko ka:.ghä:.tt.ä läz. (one cry.PROC.PF.FCT NW) It had struck one. b) is used as an indefinite article in much the same way as Nepali euṭā but is never joined to the numeral quantifier for humans <-paŋ>; ikko damai.däm.beʔ yu:s.a.j.iŋ. (one damāī.POS.LOC descend.PT.DU.EXPS) We descended to the house of a tailor. ikkweʔ ergative/instrumental form, alone, on one's own, by oneself.
Nepali: ek, euṭā
yamet-prnum,yamet-stem,yamet-pspeech,yamet-meaning,yamet-comments,yamet-nepali,

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Yenisseian etymology :

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Proto-Yenisseian: *χu-sa
Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology
Meaning: one
Ket: qūś (attr., inanim.), pred. quśǝm6
Yug: xus (attr., inanim.), pred. xusɛ6
Kottish: hūča; Ass. (Бол.) xanči-xit "one", huča (Кл.) "one"
Arin: khuzej (Ф., Срсл.) "one"; kuisa (Стр.) id.; qúsej (М., Сл., Кл., Ф.) id.; kusa in kusamančau (М., Сл., Срсл., Кл., Ф.) "nine"; (Лоск.) kus-ket "one"
Pumpokol: xúta (Сл., Срсл., Кл.) "one"
Comments: ССЕ 306. Cf. also the derivative *χus-baŋ "вместе" > Ket qujvaŋ6, Bak., Sur. qujbaŋ6, Yug xujbaŋ5,6 (let us note *-sb- > -jb-) = Kott. hušpaŋ. PY *χusa is a compound the first component of which is also present in other forms: Ket qɔʔk, Yug xɔʔk 'one' (anim.); Kott. hūpiga 'alone'. As for *-sa, the same root is also present in Kott. al-še-n 'one time', as well as in PY *de-s '(one) eye', *pa-s '(one) time' q.v. etc. Werner 2, 132 <*qus / *qut>, 2, 122 <*qoʔk>.
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-sym,yenet-kot,yenet-ari,yenet-pum,yenet-notes,

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Burushaski etymology :

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Common Burushaski: *he-
Sino-Caucasian Etymology: Sino-Caucasian Etymology
Meaning: one
Yasin: hen, han, hek
Hunza: hin, han, hik
Nagar: hin, han, hik
buruet-prnum,buruet-meaning,buruet-yas,buruet-hun,buruet-ngr,

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Long-range etymologies :

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Borean (approx.) : HVCV
Meaning : one
Afroasiatic : *ʔVs-
Sino-Caucasian : *HVcǝ̆́
Austric : PAN *asa / *esa 'one'
Amerind (misc.) : *as 'one' (R 529) [+ K]; also *saka (actually *as-ka) 'one' (R 527) [+ K]
Reference : Peiros 1989, 129.
globet-meaning,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-austr,globet-amer,globet-reference,

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Austric etymology :

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Proto-Austric: *ʔVʔc
Meaning: one
Borean etymology: Borean etymology
Proto-Austroasiatic: *(ʔǝt /) *ʔɨc
Austroasiatic meaning: all
Proto-Austronesian: *asa, *esa, *isa
Austronesian meaning: one
Proto-Thai: *ciɨC (Li)
austr-meaning,austr-prnum,austr-aa,austr-aame,austr-an,austr-anme,austr-tai,

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Austro-Asiatic etymology :

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Proto-Austro-Asiatic: *ʔǝt / *ʔɨc
Meaning: all
Austric etymology: Austric etymology
Proto-Katuic: TAO ʔǝiʔ
Khmer: chʔe:t E?
Proto-Monic: *ʔǝt
Proto-Palaungic: *ʔɨc
Proto-Aslian: KEN bǝʔɨt good
aaet-meaning,aaet-prnum,aaet-kat,aaet-kmr,aaet-mon,aaet-pawa,aaet-asli,

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Katuic etymology :

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Proto-Katuic:
Meaning: all
Austro-Asiatic etymology: Austro-Asiatic etymology
Proto-East Katuic: TAO ʔǝiʔ
katet-meaning,katet-prnum,katet-ekat,

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Khmer etymology :

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Khmer: chʔe:t
Meaning: be gorged, full, satuated
Austro-Asiatic etymology: Austro-Asiatic etymology
References: JP70
kmret-meaning,kmret-prnum,kmret-ref,

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Monic etymology :

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Proto-Monic: *ʔǝt
Meaning: all
Presyllable: #
Austro-Asiatic etymology: Austro-Asiatic etymology
Modern Mon: ʔuit
Old Mon: ʔut
Middle Mon: ʔuit
Nyakur: ʔǝt.L
Nyakur meaning: be used up
References: V124; S-20
monet-meaning,monet-prpr,monet-prnum,monet-word,monet-om,monet-mm,monet-tc,monet-tcme,monet-bib,

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Palaung-Wa etymology :

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Proto-Palaung-Wa: *ʔɨc
Meaning: all
Austro-Asiatic etymology: Austro-Asiatic etymology
Proto-Plang: *ʔɨc
pawaet-meaning,pawaet-prnum,pawaet-prpl,

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Plang etymology :

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Proto-Plang: *ʔɨc
Meaning: all
Palaung-Wa etymology: Palaung-Wa etymology
Bulang: ǝik.1
Bulang meaning: all
Bulang-1: taŋ.31 ʔǝik.51
Bulang-1 meaning: all
Konto: ɨc.1
Konto meaning: all gone
Samtao (Paulsen): uc.1
Samtao (Paulsen) meaning: all
References: P-449: *ǝc.1
prplet-meaning,prplet-prnum,prplet-mane,prplet-manme,prplet-sbl,prplet-sblme,prplet-kont,prplet-kontme,prplet-sap,prplet-sapme,prplet-bib,

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Aslian etymology :

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Proto-Aslian: *bǝ(t)ʔVt
Austro-Asiatic etymology: Austro-Asiatic etymology
Meaning: good
Kensiw: bǝʔɨt
Jahai: bǝtʔɛt
asliet-prnum,asliet-meaning,asliet-ken,asliet-jhi,

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