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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *pVp:V-
Meaning: 1 hair 2 cock's wattle 3 cock's comb 4 soft,downy
Lezghian: purp:u 4
Tabasaran: purpu 4
Udi: pop 1
Comment: Vocalism is hard to establish (mainly because of the root's expressive nature). In Lezg., besides the adjective purp:u (cf. also Akht. p:ɨrp:ɨ) there exists an expressive suffixed formation: bub-uχ "cock's wattle"). The original meaning of the root must have been "soft, fluffy hair, down" (cf. the external evidence; note that in Ud. pop also means "goat's wool"). Since -r- is observed only in adjectival forms, it must be an adjectival infix here.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-udi,lezget-comment,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *pabE
Meaning: light, soft;soft,fluffy hair,beard
Notes: The root presents assimilations (common for roots with two stops): PAA *papa- < *paba-, PWC *b́Vb́a < *pVb́a.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-lezg,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *papa-
Meaning: 1 light 2 soft
Andian language: papa 1
Akhvakh: hʷahʷa-da- 1,2
Chamalal: papa-b 1
Tindi: papa-b 1
Karata: papa-b 1
Botlikh: papa 1
Bagvalal: papa-b 1
Godoberi: papa 1
Comments: Cf. also Akhv. Tseg. papa-da-b. See Gudava 1964, 35, 125.
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-and,aandet-akv,aandet-chm,aandet-tnd,aandet-krt,aandet-btl,aandet-bgv,aandet-gdb,aandet-comment,
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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *bab
Meaning: 1 beard (with whiskers) 2 big beard
Ginukh: bab 1
Bezhta: bab 2
Comments: The original meaning was 'soft' (cf. the external evidence). Since in Caucasian languages the meanings 'soft' and 'warm' are often interrelated (cf., e.g., *tVntV ), we may think that another old derivate of the same root is PTsKh *bobo-RV 'hot' (Tsez. boboru, Gin. bobore, Inkh. bobolu), which otherwise has no etymology.
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-gin,cezet-bzt,cezet-comment,
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Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :
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Proto-West-Caucasian: *b́Vb́a
Meaning: soft;shaggy 1 fluffy, downy
Abkhaz: a-bába 1
Abaza: baba 1
Ubykh: dʷǝdʷá
Comments: PAT *baba.
abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-abk,abadet-aba,abadet-ubk,abadet-comment,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *pabE
Meaning: soft, light
sccet-meaning,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-yen,sccet-buru,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *ph(r)ap
Meaning: soft; lung
Tibetan: bab soft, mild.
Burmese: phrap-phrap mildly, softly.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-chin,stibet-tib,stibet-burm,
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Chinese characters :
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Character: 肺
Modern (Beijing) reading: fèi
Preclassic Old Chinese: phats (< *-ps)
Classic Old Chinese: phać
Western Han Chinese: phaś
Eastern Han Chinese: phwaś
Early Postclassic Chinese: phwaś
Middle Postclassic Chinese: phwǝ̀j
Late Postclassic Chinese: phwǝ̀j
Middle Chinese: phwǝ̀j
English meaning : lung
Russian meaning[s]: легкие; [pèi] цветущий, пышный
Comments: Also read *phāts, *bhāts, MC phwầj, bwầj, Mand. pèi 'be luxuriant'. Standard Sino-Viet. is phế.
Radical: 130
Four-angle index: 3925
Karlgren code: 0501 g
Vietnamese reading: phô`i
Jianchuan Bai: phia6
Dali Bai: phia6
Bijiang Bai: ?ćhua6
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,bigchina-jianchuan,bigchina-dali,bigchina-bijiang,
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Chinese Dialects :
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Number: 645
Character: 肺
MC description : 蟹合三去廢敷
ZIHUI: 5151 1165
Beijing: fei 3
Jinan: fei 3
Xi'an: fei 3
Taiyuan: fei 3
Hankou: fei 3
Chengdu: fei 3
Yangzhou: fǝi 3
Suzhou: fi 31
Wenzhou: fei 31
Changsha: fei 31
Shuangfeng: xui 31
Nanchang: фui 31
Meixian: fi 3
Guangzhou: fai 31
Xiamen: hui 31 (lit.); hi 31
Chaozhou: hui 31
Fuzhou: xie 31
Shanghai: fi 3
Zhongyuan yinyun: fei 3
doc-charref,doc-character,doc-mcinfo,doc-zihui,doc-beijing,doc-jinan,doc-xian,doc-taiyuan,doc-hankou,doc-chengdu,doc-yangzhou,doc-suzhou,doc-wenzhou,doc-changsha,doc-shuangfeng,doc-nanchang,doc-meixian,doc-guangzhou,doc-xiamen,doc-chaozhou,doc-fuzhou,doc-shanghai,doc-zhongyuan,
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Yenisseian etymology :
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Proto-Yenisseian: *bǝjbul
Meaning: braid (of hair)
Ket: bʌjbuĺ5, pl. bʌjbuĺǝŋ6
Yug: bʌjbɨl5, pl. bʌjbɨlɨŋ5
Comments: ССЕ 209. Werner 1, 154 (treating -buĺ as 'foot, leg' - hardly believable).
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-sym,yenet-notes,
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Burushaski etymology :
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Common Burushaski: *bup(h)úr
Meaning: down, fine wool
Yasin: pupúr, bupúr, buphúr
Hunza: bupúr
Nagar: buphúr
buruet-prnum,buruet-meaning,buruet-yas,buruet-hun,buruet-ngr,
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