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Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :
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Proto-West-Caucasian: *ʎ́a
Meaning: foot
Abkhaz: a-š́a-ṗǝ́
Abaza: š́a-ṗǝ
Adyghe: ʎā-q:wa
Kabardian: ʎā-q:wa
Ubykh: ʎā-ṗá
Comments: PAT *š́a-ṗǝ (-ṗǝ the same as in *na-ṗǝ 'hand'). PAT *š́a 'foot' is frequent in compounds (*š́a-xʷa 'shin', *š́a-mǝqA 'knee', *š́a-cʷǝ 'toe' etc.). Cf. also the preverb *š́a-/*š́ǝ- 'from the foot, on the foot'. The root is employed also in PAT *š́a-ta (Abkh. á-š́ata, Abaz. š́ata) 'root' ('foot part'). PAK *ʎa-q:ʷá; meaning of the element -q:ʷa is not quite clear (possible interpretations see in Шагиров 1, 246). The root is used also separately in Kab. ʎa 'foot' and in a lot of compounds (*ʎa-pádǝ 'stocking', *ʎa-gʷá(n)ža 'knee', *ʎa-sǝ́ 'barefooted' etc.).
In Ub. -ṗa = PAT *-ṗǝ. Cf. also ʎa in compounds (ʎa-ṗc̣ǝ 'barefooted', ʎa-q̇á (á-ʎaq̇a) 'trace, footprint' etc.). See Trubetzkoy 1922, 188-189, Шагиров 1, 246. Note that despite Lomtatidze (1966, 157-158, 161) the PAK *-q:ʷa has nothing to do with PAT *-ṗǝ and Ub. -ṗa.
abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-abk,abadet-aba,abadet-adg,abadet-kab,abadet-ubk,abadet-comment,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *ʎĕɫħV
Meaning: foot, track
Proto-Avaro-Andian: *ʎoli Proto-West Caucasian: *ʎ́a Notes: Correspondences are fully regular. See Abdokov 1983, 77. Note that the alternative comparison of PAK *ʎaq:ʷá with other Lezg. forms (Ag. lak, Tab. lik) - see Trombetti 1923, 366, Bouda 1950, 293 - is absolutely untenable.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-nakh,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-lak,caucet-darg,caucet-lezg,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,
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Nakh etymology :
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Proto-Nakh: *lar
Meaning: track, footprint
Chechen: lar
Ingush: ler
Comments: 4th class in both languages. The root has a variation in the obl. stem: *laru- (Chech. lora-) /*lari- (Ing. lero, whence with vowel levelling the direct base ler).
nakhet-prnum,nakhet-meaning,nakhet-che,nakhet-ing,nakhet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *ʎoli
Meaning: 1 track, footprint 2 horseshoe 3 hoof
Avar: ʎa-ḳ 1
Andian language: ʎol 1,2,3
Akhvakh: ʎali 1,2
Chamalal: ʎal 2,3
Tindi: ʎali 1,3
Karata: ʎal-da 1
Botlikh: hali 1,2
Bagvalal: hal 1,2
Godoberi: ʎali 1,2
Comments: In Av. ʎa-ḳ < *ʎar-ḳ < *ʎal-ḳ (with an archaic diminutive suffix), cf. by Uslar: ʎarḳ (paradigm A: ʎárḳi-l, ʎárḳa-l). Cf. also Kar. Tok. ʎali, Anch. ʎale 'track', Cham. Gig. ʎali id.; Av. ʎél-go 'by foot', ʎéla-b 'id. (adj.)', Akhv. ʎalo-da-be id.
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-and,aandet-akv,aandet-chm,aandet-tnd,aandet-krt,aandet-btl,aandet-bgv,aandet-gdb,aandet-comment,
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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *ʎɔlǝ A
Meaning: foot
Tsezi: rori
Ginukh: rore
Khvarshi: lola
Inkhokvari: lolo
Bezhta: halo (Bezht.)
Gunzib: hɔle
Comments: PTsKh *RoRǝ, PGB *hɔl/ǝ/.
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-cez,cezet-gin,cezet-khv,cezet-inh,cezet-bzt,cezet-gnz,cezet-comment,
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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: ša
Meaning: track, footprint, step
Lak form: ša
Comments: 3d class. An archaic form is Lak. ax-t:a 'by foot' ( < *xV-t:V-, whence an old Archi loanword ʎet:é-jt id.).
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,laket-comment,
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Dargwa etymology :
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Proto-Dargwa: *x:V-ra
Meaning: by foot, foot-walker
Akusha: xura
Comments: Cf. also Tsud. xi-ra id. Darg. -ra is probably an old oblique base marker (or a locative morpheme).
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-drg,darget-comment,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *ʎ:äl (~-l:)
Meaning: 1 track, footprint 2 barefooted
Lezghian: gel 1
Tabasaran: šil 1
Agul: xil 1
Rutul: xäl 1
Tsakhur: xɨl'-cejr 2
Kryz: xel 1
Comment: Obl. base *ʎ:ilV-, cf. Rut. xilɨ-, Ag. xilu-, Lezg. (with vowel levelling) gele-. Cf. also (for the reflexes of *ʎ:-) Tab. Khür. š:il, Ag. Bursh. š:il, Tsirkh. x:il. 3d class in Rut. and Kryz. The Tsakh. form probably reflects the original meaning "foot". Cf. Талибов 1980, 321; Гигинейшвили 1977, 122.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-krz,lezget-comment,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *ʎĕɫħV
Meaning: foot
Comments and references : HGC 19, WFR 48, LDC 20, BCD 34. sccet-meaning,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-notes,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *la
Meaning: leg, foot
Tibetan: brla the thigh.
Comments: BG: Garo dźa, Dim. ya foot; Midzhu pla, Namsangia da, Moshang ya, Miri ǝle, Chepang la foot. Sh. 183; Ben. 34.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-tib,stibet-kir,stibet-comments,
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Kiranti etymology :
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Proto-Kiranti: *lV
Meaning: foot
kiret-prnum,kiret-meaning,kiret-dum,
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Dumi dictionary :
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Entry: phoʔlɨ
Grammar: n.
Meaning: foot, paw (of fowl, primates (inc. man) and quadrupeds)
Nepali: khuṭṭā.
dumet-prnum,dumet-pspeech,dumet-meaning,dumet-nepali,
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