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Turkic etymology :

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Proto-Turkic: *jạŕ-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: to write
Russian meaning: писать
Karakhanid: jaz- (MK Oghuz.)
Turkish: jaz-
Tatar: jaz-
Middle Turkic: jaz- (Pav. C., Ettuhf.)
Uzbek: jɔz-
Uighur: jaz-
Azerbaidzhan: jaz-
Turkmen: jaz-
Halaj: jaz-
Chuvash: śɨr-
Kirghiz: ǯaz-
Kazakh: žaz-
Noghai: jaz-
Bashkir: jaδ-
Balkar: ǯaz-, zaz-
Gagauz: jaz-
Karaim: jaz-
Karakalpak: žaz-
Kumyk: jaz-
Comments: VEWT 193, ЭСТЯ 4, 70-71, EDT 984. Turk. > Hung. ír- (MNyTESz 2, 227-228).
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-khal,turcet-chv,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,

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Altaic etymology :

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Proto-Altaic: *ńi̯ăŕe (?*ĺ-)
Nostratic: Nostratic
Meaning: to draw
Russian meaning: чертить, рисовать
Turkic: *jạŕ-
Mongolian: *ǯiru-
Tungus-Manchu: *ńiru-
Korean: *nìrk-
Comments: Владимирцов 188, Poppe 28, Дыбо 14. Initial *l- is possible if we relate here Jurch. lar-ru- 'to write' (809) - the PTM form in this case must be reconstructed as *liru-. Despite Doerfer's criticism (TMN 4, 69-70), the etymology seems quite plausible (and the TM forms can certainly not be explained as borrowed < Mong.).
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-reference,

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Mongolian etymology :

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Proto-Mongolian: *ǯiru-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: 1 scratch, draw, write 2 line, row
Russian meaning: 1 царапать, рисовать, писать 2 линия, ряд
Written Mongolian: ǯiru- 1 (L 1060), ǯirum 2 (L 1061)
Middle Mongolian: ǯiru- (MA)
Khalkha: ʒura- 1, ǯuram 2
Buriat: zura-
Kalmuck: zur-
Ordos: ǯuru- 1, ǯurā 2
Dagur: ǯurī- (Тод. Даг. 145), ǯori- 'point to; draw ( a picture)' (MD 180)
Monguor: ʒ́ūri- (SM 95)
Comments: KW 481, MGCD 464. Cf. Mongr. ʒ́arGǝ̄ 'ligne de démarcation entre deux champs' (83) and WMong. ǯiruqai. Mong. > Yak. suruj, Dolg. huruj- 'write' (see Kaɫ. MEJ 23, Stachowski 113). Mong. ǯiru-ɣa `line' > Man. ǯurgan id. (see Rozycki 128).
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-dag,monget-mgr,monget-reference,

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Tungus etymology :

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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *ńiru-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: to draw, write
Russian meaning: рисовать, писать
Negidal: niju-
Spoken Manchu: juru- (1391)
Literary Manchu: niru-
Ulcha: ńuru-
Orok: ńiru-
Nanai: ńiru-
Oroch: ńiru-
Solon: niruɣan 'drawing'
Comments: ТМС 1, 600. TM > Dag. niru-, nuru- (Тод. Даг. 158).
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-neg,tunget-sib,tunget-man,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-sol,tunget-reference,

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Korean etymology :

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Proto-Korean: *nìrk-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: to read
Russian meaning: читать
Modern Korean: ik- [ilk-]
Middle Korean: nìrk-
Comments: Nam 125, KED 361.
koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,

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Nostratic etymology :

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Eurasiatic: *ńVŕV
Meaning: to rub, scratch
Altaic: *ńi̯ăŕe
Uralic: *ńirV
Dravidian: *ńer-
References: ND 1616 *ńiRV 'to rub, scratch' (+ Arab.).
nostret-meaning,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-drav,nostret-reference,

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Uralic etymology :

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Number: 639
Proto: *ńirV
> Nostratic: > Nostratic
English meaning: to scratch, scrape
German meaning: scharren, schaben
Udmurt (Votyak): ńirjal- (S), ńǝ̑rjal- (K) 'scharren, schaben, zusammenfegen'
Komi (Zyrian): ńiral- (S) 'reiben, schaben, kratzen', ńirći̮- (P) 'reiben, sich reiben', ńirt- (S P) 'reiben, schaben, kratzen' ( > Mansi KU ńǟrt-, P ńärt-, So. ńart- 'schaben')
Hungarian: nyír- 'scheren, stutzen' (altung. nyer-)
Nenets (Yurak): ńira- (Sjo. Lj.) 'nagen, benagen, mit dem Schabeisen hobeln'
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-udm,uralet-kom,uralet-ugr,uralet-nen,

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Dravidian etymology :

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Proto-Dravidian : *ńer-
Meaning : to grind
Proto-South Dravidian: *ńer-
Proto-Telugu : *ner-
Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *Neŋ-
Notes : PKG *Neŋ- < *Ner-ŋ-.
dravet-meaning,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,dravet-koga,dravet-notes,

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South Dravidian etymology :

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Proto-South Dravidian : *ńer-
Meaning : to break, crush
Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology
Tamil : ñeri (-v-, -nt-)
Tamil meaning : to break, snap off, be crushed; n. cut or broken piece
Tamil derivates : neri (-v-, -nt-) to be crushed, broken, smashed, be routed, arch, curve, bend; (-pp-, -tt-) to break to pieces, crush, press, squeeze, rub or crush with the hands as ears of corn, break the knuckles (as women in distress), crack (as the fingers), rout; n. crack, bruise, smash; nerical anything broken or cracked, corneal ulcer; nerivu cracking, pressing, crushing; variance, discord, disunion; neruŋku (neruŋki-) to be pressed, compressed, squeezed, be confined, narrow as a road or doorway, be vehement, prevail (as disease, famine, wild beasts, robbers), be urgent, be overwhelming, rebuke, be angry with; nerukku (nerukki-) to press hard, exert pressure upon, circumscribe, contract, squeeze, bruise, mash, oppress, persecute, distress, urge, importune, solicit earnestly (as a creditor), choke, smother, throttle, compel, force, coerce, attack, assail, assault, be frequent, persevere, rage, prevail (as famine), be severe (as epidemics), be abundant (as rain); nerukku, nerukkam narrowness, straitness, tightness, pressure of business, closeness of application, frequency, constancy, urgency, compulsion, restraint, coercion, distress, trouble, oppression, tyranny, harshness, severity (as of t hetimes, the weather, an epidemic), closefistedness; nerukkaṭam pressure; nekku (nekki-) to press, push; n. push, thrust; nakaḷ (nakaḷv-, nakaṇṭ-) to be crushed; neruṭu (neruṭi-) to roll in the hand, rub gently with the fingers; n. rubbing with the fingers; nari (-v-, -nt-) to torture, torment; (-pp-, -tt-) to torment, crush, perish; narippu being crushed; narukku (narukki-) to mash, crush or grind to pieces, kill, cut in pieces, mince (as vegetables), thump, hit with the knuckles; n. hitting with the knuckles; naruŋku (naruŋki-) to be mashed, crushed to pieces; narumpu (narumpi-) to gnash the teeth, cut into pieces
Malayalam : ñeriyuka
Malayalam meaning : to crack (as under a weight), crush, be smashed
Malayalam derivates : neriyuka to be crushed; ñerikka to quash, smash; ñericcal crushing, etc.; ñeruŋŋuka to be pressed, thronged, straitened; ñerukkam straits, tightness, poverty; ñerukkuka to press, compress, constrain, threaten; ñeŋŋuka, ñaŋŋuka to become soft or mellow, malleable as gold, yield, sink; ñaṇuŋŋuka to be bulged, crushed; ñaṇukkuka to bulge, crush; ñekkuka to press, strangle, squeeze, crush
Kannada : naggu
Kannada meaning : to become bruised (as a metal vessel); n. a bruise in metal vessels
Kannada derivates : naggisu to cause to get bruised; nekku to be depressed, sink; neẓgu, neggu to be curved or bent inward, sink in, sink, disappear, get a bruise, be bruised; crush, smash; naraku, naruku to bruise, contriturate
Kodagu : neri- (neriv-, neriñj-)
Kodagu meaning : to become twisted around in an entangled fashion (creeper on legs, python around goat), (cloth) is wrung out
Kodagu derivates : (nerip-, neric-) to wring (cloth, fowl's neck); (Kar.) nekk- (-i-) to press
Tulu : ñaŋŋụ, ñakkụ
Tulu meaning : crushing, bruising into a jelly or mass
Tulu derivates : narguni to be bruised, crushed, be close (as a cluster of fruits); nargāvuni to bruise, crush; nargāṭa bruising; naraguḍuni to bruise, crush, torment; narụnuru bruised; ? niŋgalụ, niŋgolụ broken rice, grit
Proto-Nilgiri : *ner-
Notes : Possibly several roots mixed in here.
Number in DED : 2927
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-tamder,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-malder,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-kander,sdret-kod,sdret-kodmean,sdret-kodder,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-tulder,sdret-kt,sdret-notes,sdret-dednum,

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Nilgiri etymology :

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Proto-Nilgiri : *ner-
Meaning : to rub between the hands, twirl
South Dravidian etymology: South Dravidian etymology
Kota : nerk- (nerky-)
Number in DED : 2927
ktet-meaning,ktet-prnum,ktet-kota,ktet-dednum,

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Telugu etymology :

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Proto-Telugu : *ner-
Meaning : to rub or grind with force or pressure so as to produce partly the effect of rolling or displacing the particles
Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology
Telugu : nerumu
Telugu (Krishnamurti) : naggu "to be powdered (?)"
Additional forms : Also ? neccu rice flour, small rice grits (or with 3782); ? [1] ner_iya, [2] ner_e, [3] ner_r_iya, [4] ner_r_e crack, slit, split, hole or crack in the ground
Number in DED : 2927
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_1,telet-tel_kr,telet-addition,telet-dednum,

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Kolami-Gadba etymology :

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Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *Neŋ-
Meaning : to grind
Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology
Naiki : iŋg-/iŋ- "to grind on a stone slab"
Parji : neŋg-
Ollari Gadba : neŋ-
Salur Gadba : neng- "to rub, grind"
Additional forms : Also Parji neŋga that which has been ground
Number in DED : 2927
kogaet-meaning,kogaet-prnum,kogaet-naiki,kogaet-parji,kogaet-ollari,kogaet-salur,kogaet-addition,kogaet-dednum,

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