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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *K(i)ā(j)nat
Meaning: flap (of door), wall (of yurt)
Russian meaning: створка (двери), стена (юрты)
Turkish: kanat
Uzbek: qɛnɔt
Azerbaidzhan: Ganat
Turkmen: Gānat (dial.)
Khakassian: xanat
Oyrat: qanat
Chuvash: śonat 'карниз, застреха'
Kirghiz: qanat
Kazakh: qanat
Karakalpak: qanat
Comments: ЭСТЯ 5, 252-253, Лексика 504, Ашм. XII, 246. The root should be kept distinct from *Kājnat 'wing'. turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-trk,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-alt,turcet-chv,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-klpx,turcet-reference,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *k`ḗnVt`a
Meaning: wall, wall mat
Russian meaning: стена, циновка для стены
Comments: A Western isogloss. In Turkic the root has merged with *Kājnat 'wing' (see under *kēńa); this homonymy may have influenced Mong., where the stem qana(n) occasionally means 'wing, маховые перья'; but Mong. hardly < Turk., despite TMN 1, 416. In Mong. one has to suppose a reanalysis of *-t as a plural suffix. altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *kana(n)
Meaning: section of yurt lattice wall, wall
Russian meaning: секция решетчатой стены юрты, стена
Written Mongolian: qana(n) (L 927) Khalkha: xana(n)
Buriat: xana
Kalmuck: xanǝ
Ordos: xana
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *xondari
Meaning: wall mat
Russian meaning: циновка для стены
Negidal: xondoj ( < South.), onara-wu 'полка вдоль нар'
Ulcha: χondorị
Orok: χondorị
Nanai: χondorị
Comments: ТМС 1, 470, 2, 18. tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-neg,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-reference,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *ḳVnVṭV
Meaning: corner, wall
nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *kant- (-th-)
Meaning: rim
Old Greek: kanthó-s 'eiserner Reifen ums Wagenrad; Augenwinkel'
Latin: cantus, -ī m. `eiserner Radreifen, Radfelge' (< Celt ?)
Celtic: *kanto- > Gaul kantem, kantena, kanten `Kreisenfassung, Radreifen, Rand'; Cymr cant `Kreisenfassung, Radreifen, Rand', Bret cant `Kreis'
Russ. meaning: обод
piet-meaning,piet-greek,piet-slav,piet-balt,piet-lat,piet-celt,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
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Vasmer's dictionary :
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Word: кут,
Near etymology: род. п. -а́ "угол, тупик", укр., блр. кут, цслав. кѫтъ, болг. кът, сербохорв. ку̑т, род. ку́та, словен. kǫ́t, чеш. kout, слвц. kút, польск. kąt, род. п. kąta, в.-луж., н.-луж. kut. Отсюда ку́тень, род. п. -тня "клык", укр. ку́тний зуб.
Further etymology: Родственно греч. κανθός "угол глаза"; см. Козловский, AfslPh 11, 388; Миккола, Ursl. Gr. 1, 121; IF 23, 122; Уленбек, IF 17, 94; Траутман, ВSW 116; Буазак 406. Менее приемлемо сближение с лит. kаm̃раs "угол, сторона", греч. καμπή "изгиб", κάμπτω "гну" (Зубатый, AfslPh 16, 396; Бругман, Grdr. 12, 357, 513, 583); см. против этого Мейе, Ét. 225 и сл.; Смешек, RS 2, 122. Неубедительно также сравнение с греч. κοντός "шест", поздн. "копье", κεντέω "колю, жалю", кимр. сеthr "острие, гвоздь" (Бернекер 1, 602).
Pages: 2,432-433
vasmer-general,vasmer-origin,vasmer-pages,
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Baltic etymology :
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Proto-Baltic: *kan̂t-a- c., *kan̂t-ā̂ f. (1)
Meaning: edge
Lithuanian: kánta-s, kánta 'Winkel, Ecke, Kante'
Comments: A partial (or complete) loan from Polish or German?
baltet-meaning,baltet-prnum,baltet-lith,baltet-notes,
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Pokorny's dictionary :
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Number: 838
Root: kan-tho-
English meaning: angle, curve
German meaning: `Ecke, Biegung'
General comments: wohl aus kam-tho- zu kam-p- `biegen'
Material: Gr. κανθός `Augenwinkel'; in der Bedeutung `Radreifen' Bed.-Lw. aus lat. cantus; lat. cantus `eiserner Radreifen' ist wieder Lw. aus:
gall. (auch gallo-rom.) *cantos `eiserner Reifen, Rand, Ecke', cymr. cant (daher ceiniog `Penny') ds., bret. kant `Kreis', air. cétad `(runder) Sitz' aus *kanto-sedo-, mir. cét `runder Steinpfeiler'; Ableitungen: gall. cantalon, wohl `Pfeiler', cantena, καντενα dss.?; auch gall.cando-soccus `Rebsenker', lies canto-soccus (zu gall. succo- `Schweineschnauze, Pflugschar'; vgl. Jud Arch. Rom. VI 210 f.);
abret. int coucant `vollständig'; mcymr. yn geugant ds. (eigentl. `sehr erfahren' aus *kou̯o-kantos zu keu- `worauf achten', lat. caveō); zu kant `Kreis' > `vollkommen' vgl. acymr. lloergant `voller Mond';
cymr. cant `Schar', dazu mir. céte (*kanti̯ā) `Versammlung', wohl als *`Hundertschaft' identisch mit cymr. cant `100' oben S. 92;
slav. *kǫtъ m. `Winkel' in russ.-ksl. kutъ usw.
References: WP. I 351 f., WH. I 155 f., Loth RC 42, 353 f., 47, 170 ff., Vendryes RC 45, 331 ff.
Pages: 526-527
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-comments,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 238
Proto: *kanta
English meaning: edge, shore
German meaning: Rand, Kante, Ufer
Saam (Lapp): gad'de -dd- (N) 'bank, shore', kaddē (L) 'Ufer, Rand' ?
Mansi (Vogul): χant- (KU), kant- (KM) 'an..., nahe zu...' ?
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-saa,uralet-man,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : KVNTV
Meaning : corner, enclosure ?
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-scc,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *q̇wĕ́ndǝ̆
Meaning: garden, fence
Comments and references : LV A24.
sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-notes,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *q̇_wĭndǝ̆
Meaning: wall, fence
Notes: Correspondences are regular (except for some metatheses of labialisation), and the reconstruction seems satisfactory. Cf., perhaps, also Darg. Murg. (Musayev) q:inda-la lag 'a steep rise' ( lag 'rise'), if it can mean 'a rise, (steep like) a wall'. In this case we would have a PD form *q:int:a or *q:inda, which could reflect the same root if we suppose an assimilation *q:int:a < *q̇int:a.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-lak,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *q̇:ʷindV
Meaning: wall
Avar: q̇:ed
Chadakolob: q̇e
Andian language: q̇:en
Akhvakh: q̇:ẽda
Chamalal: q̇:unna
Tindi: q̇:ena
Karata: q̇:ĩ
Botlikh: q̇:inda
Bagvalal: q̇:in
Godoberi: q̇:ũji
Comments: Av. paradigm C (q̇:adá-l, q̇:áda-l). Cf. also Akhv. Tlan., Ratl. q̇:enda, Tseg. q̇:inda, Cham. Gig. q̇:unna, God. Zib. q̇:ʷãji, Kar. Tok. q̇:in.
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-avc,aandet-and,aandet-akv,aandet-chm,aandet-tnd,aandet-krt,aandet-btl,aandet-bgv,aandet-gdb,aandet-comment,
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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *qɨd ( ~ -e-,-ǝ-)
Meaning: wall
Tsezi: qido
Khvarshi: qad
Inkhokvari: qod
Comments: PTsKh *qǝd(o).
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-cez,cezet-khv,cezet-inh,cezet-comment,
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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: q:at:a
Meaning: house, room
Lak form: q:at:a
Comments: Cf. Khosr. q:at:a id. The Lak. derivate q:at:alalu 'verandah' > Darg. q:adaula.
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,laket-comment,
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Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :
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Proto-West-Caucasian: *ʁ́IʷV(n)da
Meaning: fence
Abkhaz: ā́nda
Ubykh: wǝdʷá
Comments: Abkh. ā́nda goes back to PAT *ʕanǝda < *ʁ́Ianǝda with delabialisation; Ub. wǝdʷá presupposes PWC *ʁ́Iʷǝ(n)dʷa. We should probably reconstruct a compromising *ʁ́IʷV(n)da with labialising/delabialising assimilations in Ub. and Abkh.
abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-abk,abadet-ubk,abadet-comment,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *Ghʷăn
Lushai: huan garden.
stibet-prnum,stibet-chin,stibet-lush,
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Chinese characters :
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Character: 園
Modern (Beijing) reading: yuán
Preclassic Old Chinese: whan
Classic Old Chinese: whan
Western Han Chinese: whan
Eastern Han Chinese: whan
Early Postclassic Chinese: whan
Middle Postclassic Chinese: whǝn
Late Postclassic Chinese: whǝn
Middle Chinese: wǝn
English meaning : garden, park
Russian meaning[s]: 1) сад; парк; огород; 2) кабаре; эстрадный театр; 3) императорская могила
Comments: Standard Sino-Viet. is viên. For *wh- cf. Xiamen hŋ2, Fuzhou huoŋ2, Chaozhou hŋ2, Jianou xüiŋ2. Some old loanwords from Chinese, as well as Bai forms, point to the existence of an archaic variant *s-whan.
Radical: 31
Four-angle index: 1883
Karlgren code: 0256 b
Vietnamese reading: vu'ò'n
Jianchuan Bai: -suã4
Dali Bai: -sua5
Bijiang Bai: -suã4
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,bigchina-jianchuan,bigchina-dali,bigchina-bijiang,
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Chinese Dialects :
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Number: 1591
Character: 園
MC description : 山合三平元云
ZIHUI: 0954 2019
Beijing: yan 12
Jinan: yã 12
Xi'an: yã 12
Taiyuan: yɛ 1
Hankou: yan 12
Chengdu: yan 12
Yangzhou: yî̃ 12
Suzhou: iö 12
Wenzhou: ɦy 12
Changsha: yẽ 12
Shuangfeng: uĩ 12
Nanchang: yɔn 31
Meixian: jan 12
Guangzhou: jyn 12
Xiamen: uan 12
Chaozhou: hŋ 12
Fuzhou: xuɔŋ 12
Shanghai: yö 32
Zhongyuan yinyun: yen 12
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