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Mongolian etymology :

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Proto-Mongolian: *mede-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: to know
Russian meaning: знать
Written Mongolian: mede- (L 531)
Middle Mongolian: mede- (HY 33, SH), mēdɛ-, mīdɛ- (IM), midä̆- (MA)
Khalkha: mede-
Buriat: mede-
Kalmuck: medǝ-
Ordos: mede-
Dongxian: meǯie-, meiǯie-
Baoan: made-, mede-
Dagur: mede- (Тод. Даг. 154, MD 189)
Shary-Yoghur: mede-
Monguor: mude- (SM 244)
Mogol: mede- (Weiers)
Comments: KW 259, MGCD 483. Mong. > Evk. mede-, Nan. mede- etc. (ТМС 1, 563-564), see TMN 1, 512-513, Poppe 1966, 191, Doerfer MT 24, Rozycki 155.
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-dun,monget-bao,monget-dag,monget-yuy,monget-mgr,monget-mogh,monget-reference,

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Altaic etymology :

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Proto-Altaic: *m[i̯u]ti
Nostratic: Nostratic
Meaning: to know, believe
Russian meaning: знать, верить
Turkic: *büt-
Mongolian: *mede-
Tungus-Manchu: *mute-
Korean: *mìt-
Comments: АПиПЯЯ 15, 294. See SKE 149, EAS 149. Mong. *mede- is perhaps < *möde- with secondary delabialization.
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-reference,

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Turkic etymology :

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Proto-Turkic: *büt-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: 1 to believe 2 sign, token
Russian meaning: 1 верить 2 знак
Karakhanid: büt- 1 (MK, KB)
Middle Turkic: büt- 1 (Pav. C.)
Uighur: püt- 1 (dial.)
Shor: püt- 1
Oyrat: büt- 1
Yakut: bit 2
Comments: VEWT 93, EDT 298-299 (together with büt- 'finish'), ЭСТЯ 2, 279-280.
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-krh,turcet-chg,turcet-uig,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-jak,turcet-reference,

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Tungus etymology :

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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *mute-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: can, be able
Russian meaning: мочь, уметь
Spoken Manchu: mutǝ-, mutu- 'to be capable' (3020)
Literary Manchu: mute-
Ulcha: mute-
Orok: mute-
Nanai: mute- (Он.)
Comments: ТМС 1, 561 (reflexes coincide with *mute- 'to fulfil': in PTM a merger occurred of the Altaic roots *mŭt'i 'to complete' and *m[i̯u]ti 'to know, believe').
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-sib,tunget-man,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-reference,

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Korean etymology :

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Proto-Korean: *mìt-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: to believe
Russian meaning: верить
Modern Korean: mit-
Middle Korean: mìt-
Comments: Nam 234, KED 695.
koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,

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Nostratic etymology :

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Eurasiatic: *mVtV
Meaning: feel
Indo-European: *med-
Altaic: *m[i̯u]ti (cf. also *mèto)
Dravidian: *maṭ- [or *mūta- 'establish with evidence' (DED 4136)]
References: МССНЯ 353, ОСНЯ 2, 62; ND 1492 *metV 'to feel, realize' (IE + Alt.), 1498 *mAtVdV 'to stretch, measure' (same IE + Drav + Sem.).
nostret-meaning,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-drav,nostret-reference,

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Indo-European etymology :

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Proto-IE: *med-
Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology
Meaning: to think about, to reason, to decide
Tokharian: A mem, B maim (PT *mei-m) 'thought, thinking' (Adams 471)
Armenian: mit, gen. mti `Gedanke, Sinn'
Old Greek: médomai̯ `für etw. sorgen, an etw. denken, auf etw. bedacht sein'
Germanic: *mit-a- vb., *mit-ō- vb.
Latin: meditārī `nach etwas denken, nachsinnen; vorbereiten sich auf etwas, einüben'
Other Italic: Umbr meřs, mers `jus', mersto `justum, legitimum', Osk meddíss, meddis `iūdex', meddikkiaí `in iūdiciō', medicatinom `iūdicātiōnem', medicim `iūdicium', medikid, meddixud, metsed `iūdiciō', Paelign, Volsk m ddix, Mars medis `iūdex'
Celtic: *mid-, *mīd- > OIr midiur, pf. ro-mīdar `cogito, judico'; mess `judicium'; Cymr meddwl `animus, mens, cogitatio', medd `inquit'
Russ. meaning: обдумывать, рассуждать, решать
References: WP II 259 f
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-tokh,piet-arm,piet-greek,piet-germ,piet-lat,piet-ital,piet-celt,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,

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Germanic etymology :

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Proto-Germanic: *mitan-, *mitōn- vb.
Meaning: think about, consider
IE etymology: IE etymology
Gothic: mitōn wk. `plan, think about; reason, ponder; argue, debate; think, be concerned for''
Old English: metian `weigh, consider'
Old Frisian: mētigia vb.
Old High German: { meʒ(ʒ)ōn wk. `moderate, mitigate' }
Middle High German: mëʒʒen st. 'erwägen, überdenken, prüfen'
Comments: Difficult to distinguish from 'messen'.
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-got,germet-oengl,germet-ofris,germet-ohg,germet-mhg,germet-notes,

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Pokorny's dictionary :

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Number: 1235
Root: med-1
English meaning: to measure; to give advice, healing
German meaning: `messen, ermessen'
Derivatives: mēdos- `Ermessen'; mē̆d- `Arzt'
Material: A. Ai. masti- f. `das Messen, Wägen' (*med-tis, mit im isolierten Wort nicht rückgängig gemachtem Wandel von d-t zu s-t-?);

    ob auch ai. addhā́ (*m̥d-dhē) `sicher, fürwahr', av. apers. azdā ds., ai. addhātí- `Weiser' mit der Bed. von lat. meditāri usw.? s. Pedersen Decl. lat. 72;

    arm. mit (Gen. mti) `Gedanke, Sinn' (: μήδεα usw.);

    gr. μέδομαι `bin worauf bedacht', μέδων, μεδέων `Walter, Herrscher', μέδιμνος `Scheffel'; dehnstufig μήδομαι `ersinne, fasse einen Beschluß', μήδεα Nom. Pl. `Sorge, Ratschlag', μήστωρ, -ωρος `kluger Berater', PN Πολυ-μήδης, Κλυται-μήστρα;

    lat. meditor, -ārī `worüber nachdenken', modus `Maß, Art und Weise', modestus `maßvoll, bescheiden', moderāre `mäßigen' (enthalten ein neutr. *medos, aber wohl auch ein mask. *modos), modius `Scheffel', umbr. meřs, mers `jus' (*med-os-), mersto `justum, legitimum', osk. med-diss `judex' (*medo-dik̂-s) usw.;

    air. midiur, Perf. ro-mīdar (: gr. μήδομαι, got. mētum, arm. mit) `cogito, judico', airmed `Maß', mess `judicium' (*med-tu-), med (*medā) `Waage', cymr. meddwl `animus, mēns, cōgitatiō', mcymr. medu `imstande sein, beherrschen', cymr. meddu `besitzen' (zahlreiche ir. Komposita bei Pedersen KGr. II 577 f., britische Bildungen bei J. Loth RC. 35, 446; 38, 177, 296; 40, 347 ff., 350 f.; Ifor Williams RC. 40, 486; J. Lloyd-Jones RC. 43, 272); medd `inquit' usw.;

    got. mitan, ags. metan, ahd. mezzan `messen', aisl. meta `schätzen', met n. `Gewicht', ags. ge-met n. `das Messen', Adj. `angemessen', ahd. mez `Maß, Trinkgefäß', ags. mitta m. `Getreidemaß', ahd. mezzo `kleineres Trockenmaß', nhd. Metze(n); got. mitōn, ahd. mezzōn `ermessen, bedenken', aisl. mjǫtuðr `Schicksal', as. metod m. `Messer, Ordner, Schöpfer', ags. metod m. `Schicksal', got. mitaþs `(Trocken)maß';

    ē-stufig (außer Pl. Prät. got. mētum usw.) got. us-mēt `Lebensführung', aisl. māt n. `das Abschätzen', mhd. māz n. `Maß, Art und Weise', ahd. māza `Maß, Angemessenheit, Art und Weise', aisl. mǣtr `ansehnlich, wertvoll', ags. gemǣte `angemessen', ahd. māzi ds.;

    ō-stufig: got. ga-mōt `finde Raum, habe Platz, Erlaubnis, darf', ags. mōtan `Veranlassung haben, können' (engl. must `müssen' aus dem Prät.), as. mōtan `Platz finden, Veranlassung haben, sollen, müssen', ahd. muoz, muozan `können, mögen, dürfen', nhd. müssen; mnd. mōte `freie Zeit, Frist', ahd. muoza `freie Zeit, Aufmerksamkeit, Gelegenheit zu etwas', nhd. Muße; ags. ǣ-metta, ǣmta, aus *ā-mōtiða f. `Muße', wovon ǣm(e)tig = engl. empty `leer'; aisl. mōt n. `Bild, Zeichen, Art, Weise';

    got. mōta `Zoll', mhd. muoze `Mahllohn', ags. mōt `Zoll, Abgabe' (`*Zugemessenes, abzuliefernder Anteil'); wohl aus dem Got. stammen ahd. (bair.) mūta, nhd. Maut, mlat. mūta, abg. myto.

    B. Eine schon ursprachliche Anwendung für `klug ermessender, weiser Ratgeber = Heilkundiger' liegt vor in: av. vī-mad- `Heilkundiger, Arzt', vī-maδayanta `sie sollen die Heilkunde ausüben', gr. Μη̃δος, Μήδη, ᾽Αγαμήδη usw. `Heilgottheiten'; lat. medeor, -ērī `heilen', medicus `Arzt' (mit Sekundärformans -icus vom Subst. *mē̆d `Arzt' = av. vī-mad abgeleitet).

References: WP. II 259 f., WH. II 54 ff., 99 f.;
See also: med- ist verwandt mit mē-3 (oben S. 703 f.).
Pages: 705-706
PIE database: PIE database
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-derivative,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-seealso,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,

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Dravidian etymology :

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Proto-Dravidian : *maṭ-
Meaning : level, measure
Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology
Proto-South Dravidian: *maṭ-
Proto-Telugu : *maṭṭ-
dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,

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South Dravidian etymology :

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Proto-South Dravidian : *maṭ-
Meaning : measure
Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology
Tamil : maṭṭam
Tamil meaning : measure, evenness, flatness, rule, line, gauging rod, limit, extent, bound, degree, guess, conjecture; equality in height, size, measure; moderation; whole quantity leaving no overplus
Tamil derivates : maṭṭāy moderately, temperately; maṭṭu measure, quantity, standard, degree, size, proportion, amount, limit, extent, scope, range, estimate, conjecture, moderateness, that which is middling, commonplace, a standard of measurement; maṭaŋku measure, quantity, degree
Malayalam : maṭṭa
Malayalam meaning : a certain measure of length
Malayalam derivates : maṭṭam the rule, level of a bricklayer, carpenter's square; maṭṭu measure, limit
Kannada : maṭṭa, maṭa, maṭṭasa
Kannada meaning : measure, extent, height, bound, limit, proper limit, levelness, evenness, equality, regularity, exactness, carpenter's level or square
Kannada derivates : maṭṭu measure, extent, height, limit; maṭṭa exactness, etc.
Tulu : maṭṭa
Tulu meaning : carpenter's or bricklayer's square, level, height, measure
Tulu derivates : maṭṭu measure, extent, limit, capacity, ability
Proto-Nilgiri : *maṭ-
Number in DED : 4660
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-tamder,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-malder,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-kander,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-tulder,sdret-kt,sdret-dednum,

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Nilgiri etymology :

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Proto-Nilgiri : *maṭ-
Meaning : all
South Dravidian etymology: South Dravidian etymology
Kota : maṭm (obl. maṭt-) "level place; all"
Toda : moṭ "(only in dat. moṭk/moṭṇg) all"
Number in DED : 4660
ktet-meaning,ktet-prnum,ktet-kota,ktet-toda,ktet-dednum,

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Telugu etymology :

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Proto-Telugu : *maṭṭ-
Meaning : level, a levelling instrument, a level
Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology
Telugu : maṭṭamu
Additional forms : Also maṭṭu limit, bound, restriction, measure, extent, degree; limited, moderate; maṭṭugā moderately, limitedly
Number in DED : 4660
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_1,telet-addition,telet-dednum,

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