Change viewing parameters
Select another database

Korean etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Korean: *pắrá-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: to desire
Russian meaning: желать, надеяться
Modern Korean: para-
Middle Korean: pắrá-
Comments: Nam 240, KED 704.
koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,

Search within this database


Altaic etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Altaic: *p`ĕ̀ro
Nostratic: Nostratic
Meaning: to wish, desire
Russian meaning: желать, надеяться
Turkic: *er-
Mongolian: *(h)eɣe-re- ( < *here-re-?)
Tungus-Manchu: *per-
Korean: *pắrá-
Japanese: *pǝr-
Comments: Martin 230, Дыбо 14. Cf. also MKor. pjǝ̀rằ- 'to purpose, intend' (cf. SKE 198).
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-jap,altet-reference,

Search within this database


Turkic etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Turkic: *er-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: 1 coquetry 2 cockering, endearment 3 cockered, beloved 4 entertainment , joke
Russian meaning: 1 кокетство 2 баловство, ласка 3 избалованный, любимый 4 забава, шутка
Turkish: erke (dial.) 3
Tatar: irkä 3, (dial.) irmäk 4
Middle Turkic: erke 1, 2, 3 (Abush., Pav. C.)
Uzbek: erkä 1, 3, ermak 4
Uighur: ärkä 3, ermäk 4
Azerbaidzhan: ärkä (dial.) 2, 3
Turkmen: ermek 4 (dial.)
Khakassian: irkä 3
Shor: erke 3, erbek 4
Oyrat: erke 3, ermek, erbek 4
Chuvash: jǝrgǝn `wriggler, trickster' (Ashm.)
Yakut: erke 2
Tuva: erɣe 2
Kirghiz: erke 3, ermek 4
Kazakh: erke 3, ermek 4
Noghai: erke 3
Bashkir: irkä 3, irmäk 4
Balkar: erke 3
Karakalpak: erke 3, ermek 4
Kumyk: erke 3
Comments: VEWT 48, ЭСТЯ 1, 296-297, 300-301, TMN 2, 181-182. The root is widely spread, although unattested in older sources; its relationship to *eriĺ- 'contest' (suggested in ЭСТЯ 297) is dubious.
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,turcet-tuv,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,

Search within this database


Mongolian etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Mongolian: *(h)eɣe-re- ( < *here-re-?)
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: to seek, wish, hope
Russian meaning: стремиться, желать, надеяться
Written Mongolian: eɣere- (L 298)
Khalkha: ēre-
Comments: Mong. > Yak. eren- 'to hope', erel 'hope' (Kaɫ. MEJ 16, Stachowski 46).
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-hal,monget-reference,

Search within this database


Tungus etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *per-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: 1 to esteem 2 to wait
Russian meaning: 1 уважать 2 ждать
Evenki: heriče- 1, herū- 2
Even: her- 1, herut-/-č- 2
Comments: ТМС 2, 369-370. Cf. also *perge- 'to try; to wonder' (ТМС 2, 45-46; not reflected in Evn. and Evk.).
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-reference,

Search within this database


Japanese etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Japanese: *pǝr-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: to wish, hope
Russian meaning: желать, надеяться
Old Japanese: p(w)or-
Comments: JLTT 693.
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-comments,

Search within this database


Nostratic etymology :

Search within this database
Eurasiatic: *ṗVrV
Meaning: to desire, attempt
Indo-European: *per- (cf. also *prei̯ǝ- 2027)
Altaic: *p`ĕ̀ro
Kartvelian: *ṗir-
Dravidian: *par-
References: ND 235a *bAr(h)V 'be hungry, want' (Drav. + quest. Sem. and Berb.), 1785 *paR(a)Xi 'happy, dear' (+ Sem. and quest. Berb.) (partially also 1765 *ṗiRo-(ḲV) 'ask') - with a great deal of confusion.
nostret-meaning,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-kart,nostret-drav,nostret-reference,

Search within this database


Indo-European etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-IE: *per-
Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology
Meaning: to attempt, to research
Old Greek: pêi̯ra, aeol. pérrā f. `Versuch', pei̯ráō, -ázdō `versuchen, auf die Probe stellen, angreifen', émpei̯ro- `erfahren, kundig'
Latin: experior, -īrī, -rtus sum `einen Versuch machen, erproben, prufen, kennenlernen', experīmentum n. `Versuch', comperio, -īre, -perī, -pertum `genau erfahren', opperior, -īrī, opperītus/oppertus `erwarten', perītus, -a `erfahren, bewandert, sachverständig', perīculum (/ -clum) n. `Versuch, Probe, Niederschrift; Gefahr; Prozess, Anklage'
Russ. meaning: пробовать, исследовать
References: WP II 28 f
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-greek,piet-lat,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,

Search within this database


Pokorny's dictionary :

Search within this database
Number: 1489
Root: per-2: E. per-
English meaning: to try, dare, risk; danger
German meaning: `versuchen, probieren, riskieren, Gefahr'
General comments: (= per- `hinüberführen, durchdringen')
Material: Arm. p`orj `Versuch' (express. p`-); gr. πει̃ρα f. `Erfahrung, Versuch', äol. πέρρα (*περι̯α), πειράω, -άζω `versuche', ἔμπειρος `erfahren, klug, gewandt'; lat. experior, -īrī `versuche, prüfe', experīmentum `Versuch, Prüfung', comperiō, -īre `erfahre genau', opperior, -īrī, -ītus (und -tus) sum `warte, erwarte', perītus `erfahren', perīculum `Versuch, Probe; Gefahr; Prozeß; Anklage'; das ī von perī-tus, -culum stammt aus den Kompositis mit -perior; air. a(i)re `Wachen, Aufmerksamkeit', nir. faire, wegen gallo-brit. areānī Pl. `Kundschafter' aus *pǝrei̯ā; germ.*firina- `das Außergewöhnliche' in got. faírina f. `Schuld', ahd. firina `Verbrechen' usw.; germ.*fēra- `Gefahr' in aisl. fār n. `Gefahr, Unglück', ags. fǣr m., ahd. fār(a) `Nachstellung, Gefahr', zu got. fērja m. `Aufpasser', ahd. fārēn `auflauern' usw.; vielleicht dazu mit Abtönunggr. ταλαί-πωρος `geplagt' als `Gefahren erduldend'.
References: WP. II 28 f., WH. II 288 f.
Pages: 818
PIE database: PIE database
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-comments,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,

Search within this database


Kartvelian etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Kartvelian: *ṗir-
Nostratic: Nostratic
Russian meaning: to like, wish
Georgian: ṗrian- 'belieben, wünschen'
Megrel: ṗian- 'like, wish'
Svan: -ṗīr- 'intend to, like, wish'
Notes and references: ND 1765.
kartet-prnum,kartet-rusmean,kartet-gru,kartet-meg,kartet-sva,kartet-notes,

Search within this database


Dravidian etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Dravidian : *par-
Meaning : to love
Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology
Proto-South Dravidian: *par-
Proto-Telugu : *per-
dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,

Search within this database


South Dravidian etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-South Dravidian : *par-
Meaning : to love
Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology
Tamil : pari (-v-, -nt-)
Tamil meaning : to be affectionate; n. love, affection
Tamil derivates : parivu affection, love, devotion, piety, delight, pleasure
Malayalam : parivu
Malayalam meaning : love
Kannada : paraḷiga
Kannada meaning : paramour
Number in DED : 3964
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-tamder,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-dednum,

Search within this database


Telugu etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Telugu : *per-
Meaning : love, affection
Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology
Telugu : perima
Number in DED : 3964
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_1,telet-dednum,

Search within this database

Select another database
Change viewing parameters
Total pages generatedPages generated by this script
5518651404863
Help
StarLing database serverPowered byCGI scripts
Copyright 1998-2003 by S. StarostinCopyright 1998-2003 by G. Bronnikov
Copyright 2005-2014 by Phil Krylov