Change viewing parameters
Select another database

Korean etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Korean: *mūr-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: to pay, compensate
Russian meaning: платить, возмещать
Modern Korean: mul-, mulli-
Middle Korean: mūr-, mùr'í-
Comments: Liu 334, Nam 224, KED 677, 679.
koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,

Search within this database


Altaic etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Altaic: *mi̯óle
Nostratic: Nostratic
Meaning: to present, gift
Russian meaning: дарить, подарок
Turkic: *bẹlek
Mongolian: *melǯe-
Tungus-Manchu: *mula-
Korean: *mūr-
Japanese: *mǝ́ráp-, *mǝr-
Comments: The basic meaning of the root is "to present (or obtain) a gift"; a metaphorical change "present a gift > condescend > pity" must have occurred in TM.
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-jap,altet-reference,

Search within this database


Turkic etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Turkic: *bẹlek
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: gift
Russian meaning: подарок
Old Turkic: belek (OUygh.)
Karakhanid: belek (MK)
Turkish: belek (dial.)
Tatar: büläk
Middle Turkic: belek (Sangl.)
Uighur: bäläk (dial.)
Sary-Yughur: pelek (ЯЖУ)
Oyrat: belek
Halaj: pelek
Chuvash: pil 'blessing'
Yakut: belex
Dolgan: belek
Tuva: belek
Kirghiz: belek
Bashkir: büläk
Karaim: belek 'приплод'
Comments: VEWT 69, TMN 2, 413, EDT 338, ЭСТЯ 2, 112-113, Дыбо 1997, 78-79, Лексика 348-349, Stachowski 57. In Егоров 160, Федотов 1, 431 the Chuv. form is regarded as a variant of pexil 'blessing' ( < Pers.), which is insecure phonetically. Derivation from bele'swaddle' (Clark 1977, 132) is highly dubious. The labialized vowel in Bashk., Tat. is a result of contamination with *bölek 'part'. Turk. > WMong. beleg, Kalm. belǝg (KW 41; TMN ibid., Щербак 1997, 104), whence Evk. belek etc., see Doerfer MT 141 (but Аникин 127 regards Evk. belek as borrowed < Yak.).
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-alt,turcet-khal,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,turcet-dolg,turcet-tuv,turcet-krg,turcet-bas,turcet-krmx,turcet-reference,

Search within this database


Mongolian etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Mongolian: *melǯe-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: 1 a bet, wager 2 to bet
Russian meaning: 1 ставка, пари 2 делать ставку
Written Mongolian: melǯige 1, melǯi- 2 (МХТТТ)
Middle Mongolian: milǯeldu- 'ссориться (из-за вещи)' (MA)
Khalkha: melʒē 1, melʒe- 2
Buriat: melze- `refuse'
Kalmuck: melzǝ 1 (КРС)
Ordos: melǯēčǖl- 'faire concourir pour un prix'
Comments: Mong. > Manchu melǯe- etc. (see Rozycki 156).
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-reference,

Search within this database


Tungus etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *mula-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: to pity
Russian meaning: жалеть
Evenki: mulān-
Even: mụlān-
Negidal: molān-
Ulcha: munalsị-
Orok: mụnālị-
Nanai: monịalsị-
Oroch: muńalisi-
Udighe: muńali-
Solon: mụlān-
Comments: ТМС 1, 554.
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-ude,tunget-sol,tunget-reference,

Search within this database


Japanese etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Japanese: *mǝ́ráp-, *mǝr-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: 1 to obtain, receive gifts 2 to guard, protect
Russian meaning: 1 получать, принимать подношения 2 защищать
Old Japanese: m(w)orap- 'to expect, await', m(w)or- 2
Middle Japanese: móráf- 1, mor- 2
Tokyo: mòra- 1
Kyoto: mórá- 1
Kagoshima: morá- 1
Comments: JLTT 727.
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,

Search within this database


Nostratic etymology :

Search within this database
Eurasiatic: *mVlV
Meaning: pray
Borean: Borean
Indo-European: *meldh- (cf. also *mleu-)
Altaic: *mi̯óle
Uralic: ? *mele
Kartvelian: *madl-
References: МССНЯ 348.
nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-kart,nostret-reference,

Search within this database


Indo-European etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-IE: *meldh-
Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology
Meaning: to ask, to beg
Hittite: malta- (mald-) (II) 'geloben' (Friedrich 134)
Slavic: *modlītī; *modlā
Baltic: *mel̃d- (-ja-) vb., *mal̃d-ā̂ f., *mal̃d-ī̂-, -in̂- vb.
Germanic: *mild-ē- vb., *mild-ō- vb., *mild-ō(n-) f.
Russ. meaning: обращаться со словами, просить, умолять
References: WP II 284 f
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-hitt,piet-slav,piet-balt,piet-germ,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,

Search within this database


Vasmer's dictionary :

Search within this database
Word: моли́ть,
Near etymology: молю́ I., моли́ться, молю́сь, укр. моли́ти, блр. молíць, ст.-слав. молити δεῖσθαι, παρακαλεῖν (Мар., Зогр., Супр.), -сѩ προσεύχεσθαι (Супр.), болг. мо́ля "прошу", -се "молюсь", сербохорв. мо̀лити, мо̀ли̑м, словен. móliti, mólim, др. словен. modliti sе (Фрейз.), чеш. modliti sе, слвц. mоdlit᾽ sа, польск. modlić się, в.-луж. modlić sо, н.-луж. modliś.
Further etymology: Родственно лит. maldà "просьба", maldýti, maldaũ "умолять", mel̃sti, meldžiù "просить, молить(ся)", хетт. mald-, maltāi- "просить, говорить", арм. mаɫt̔еm "умоляю", д.-в.-н. meldôn, нов.-в.-н. melden "заявлять, докладывать"; см. Бенвенист, ВSL 33, 133 и сл.; Мейе. ВSL 36, 119; Мейе--Вайан 503; Педерсен, KZ 39, 361; Траутман, ВSW 177; Фридрих, Неth. Wb. 134. Едва ли прав Бернекер (2, 65 и сл.), пытаясь отождествить с этим словом моли́ть II. Слав. метатеза *modliti < *molditi объясняется, возм., табуистическими побуждениями; ср. религиозный характер этого слова. В таком случае излишня праформа *moldla у Бернекера (там же), которую едва ли можно было бы мотивировать, потому что, напр., мгла (см.) содержит уже и.-е. *-lā.
Pages: 2,642
vasmer-general,vasmer-origin,vasmer-pages,

Search within this database


Baltic etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Baltic: *mel̃d- (-ja-) vb., *mal̃d-ā̂ f., *mal̃d-ī̂-, -in̂- vb.
Meaning: ask, beg
Indo-European etymology: Indo-European etymology
Lithuanian: mel̃sti (mel̃džia, -dē) `bitten, beten', maldà `Gebet, Bitte', maldī́ti, maldìnti `inbrünstig flehen, flehentlich bitten, anflehen, versöhnen'
baltet-meaning,baltet-prnum,baltet-lith,

Search within this database


Germanic etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Germanic: *mildēn-, *mildōn- vb., *mildō(n)
Meaning: say, tell
IE etymology: IE etymology
Old English: meld `Bekanntmachen', meldian `anklagen, erklären'
Old Frisian: ūr-meldia `vermelden'
Old Saxon: meldon, meldian `angeben, erzählen'; melda f. `verraad'
Middle Dutch: melden `aangeven, verklappen, meedelen, melden'
Dutch: melden
Middle Low German: melden 'angeben, verkünden, verraten, zeigen, nennen'
Old High German: melda `Anklage, Angabe, Verrat' (9.Jh.), meldōn, meldēn (9.Jh.) `angeben, verraten, erzählen, nennen'
Middle High German: mëlden wk. 'angeben, verkünden, verraten, zeigen, nennen'; mëlde st. f. 'verrat, angeberei, verleumdung; gerücht; anzeige, meldung'
German: melden
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-oengl,germet-ofris,germet-osax,germet-mdutch,germet-dutch,germet-mlg,germet-ohg,germet-mhg,germet-hg,

Search within this database


Pokorny's dictionary :

Search within this database
Number: 1265
Root: meldh-1
English meaning: to pronounce ritual words
German meaning: `rituelle Worte an die Gottheit richten'
Material: Arm. malt`em `ich bitte'; asächs. meldōn `angeben, erzählen', ahd. melda `Angeberei, Verleumdung', meldōn, -ēn `melden, angeben, verraten', ags. meld `Bekanntmachung'; lit. meldžiù, mel̃sti `bitten, beten', maldà f. `Bitte; Gebet', Iterat. maldaũ, maldýti; apr. maddla `Bitte, Gebet'; auf Grund von Dissimilation von *mold-lā zu *modlā `Bitte': čech. modla `Götzenbild, Tempel' und poln. modɫa f. `Gebet'; mit -dl- zu -l-: aksl. moljǫ, moliti `bitten', refl. `beten', usw.; aus `weihen und schlachten' dann `zu bestimmter Zeit schlachten' in russ. molítь, usw.;

    hitt. ma-al-ta-i, ma-al-di (mald-) `betet'.

References: WP. II 289, 291, WH. II 20, Trautmann 177, Benveniste BSL. 33, 133 ff., Mudge Lg. 7, 252.
Pages: 722
PIE database: PIE database
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,

Search within this database


Uralic etymology :

Search within this database
Number: 1429
Proto: *mele (*mēle)
> Nostratic: > Nostratic
English meaning: reason, understanding
German meaning: Sinn, Gemüt, Verstand, Vernunft
Finnish: mieli (gen. mielen) 'Sinn, Gemüt, Laune, Gefühl'
Estonian: meel (gen. meele) 'Sinn; Gesinnung, Überlegung, Verstand, Gedächtnis'
Saam (Lapp): miellâ -l- (N) 'disposition, temper, desire, opinion, sense, senses, wits', miella (L) 'Sinn, Lust, Gefallen, Verstand, Meinung', mīll (T Kld. A), miell (Not.) 'Sinn; Verstand'
Mordovian: meĺ (E), mäĺ (M) 'Sinn'
Udmurt (Votyak): mi̮l (S), mǝ̑l (K) 'Lust, Wunsch', mị̑l (G) 'id., Gemüt, Gesinnung', mal-pal-, nal-pal- (S K) 'denken, fühlen', malpal- (G) 'denken, im Sinne haben', mi̮l-ki̮d (S), mǝ̑l-kǝ̑d (K) 'Gemüt, Herz, Sinn'
Komi (Zyrian): mi̮l-ki̮d (S), mi̮v-ki̮d (P) 'Verstand, Gemüt, Charakter', mølkø.d (PO) 'Charakter', mi̮la (VO) 'нежный, приятный (о голосе)', me̮vpal-, me̮pal- (V), me̮lpal- (S) 'denken, überlegen'
Sammalahti's version: *meeli
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-fin,uralet-est,uralet-saa,uralet-mrd,uralet-udm,uralet-kom,uralet-samm2,

Search within this database


Kartvelian etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Kartvelian: *madl-
Nostratic: Nostratic
Russian meaning: благодарение, милость
English meaning: gratitude, grace
Georgian: madl-
Megrel: mard-
Svan: madl- ( < Georg.)
Notes and references: Климов (1994, 186-187) выводит основу из ПИЕ *meldh- 'молиться'.
kartet-prnum,kartet-rusmean,kartet-meaning,kartet-gru,kartet-meg,kartet-sva,kartet-notes,

Search within this database


Long-range etymologies :

Search within this database
Borean (approx.) : MVLV
Meaning : to say, pray
Eurasiatic : *mVlV
Afroasiatic : *mVl- (ND 1409 *mVl- 'think' (Cush., Sem.))
Amerind (misc.) : *mali 'talk' (R 730)
Reference : ND 1409 *me(y)l̄V 'mind, be clever' (Ur. - SH).
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-amer,globet-reference,

Search within this database


Afroasiatic etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *mVl-
Meaning: speak, call
Borean etymology: Borean etymology
Semitic: *mVl- 'speak'
Berber: *mVl- 'say, indicate' 1, 'shout, call' 2
Central Chadic: *myal- 'call'
afaset-meaning,afaset-prnum,afaset-sem,afaset-brb,afaset-cch,

Search within this database


Semitic etymology :

Search within this database
Number: 584
Proto-Semitic: *mVl-
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'speak'
Hebrew: mll
Aramaic: mll
semet-proto,semet-prnum,semet-meaning,semet-hbr,semet-arm,

Search within this database


Berber etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Berber: *mVl-
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'say, indicate' 1, 'shout, call' 2
Tawllemmet: ǝmǝl 1
Qabyle (Ayt Mangellat): mmel 2
brbet-prnum,brbet-meaning,brbet-twl,brbet-qbl,

Search within this database


Central Chadic etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-CChadic: *myal-
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'call'
Nzangi: miyèle [Kr}
Notes: isolated word, morphology?
cchet-prnum,cchet-meaning,cchet-nza,cchet-notes,

Search within this database

Select another database
Change viewing parameters
Total pages generatedPages generated by this script
6000301418692
Help
StarLing database serverPowered byCGI scripts
Copyright 1998-2003 by S. StarostinCopyright 1998-2003 by G. Bronnikov
Copyright 2005-2014 by Phil Krylov