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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *pímá
Meaning: gap
Russian meaning: промежуток, щель
Old Japanese: p(j)ima
Middle Japanese: fímá
Tokyo: hìma
Kyoto: hímá
Kagoshima: híma
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *p`éŋi
Meaning: to gape, hole
Russian meaning: зиять, отверстие
Comments: SKE 197-198. Most languages reveal a variation of meanings 'gap' > 'to gape' ( > 'laugh, smile, be perplexed'). On a possible trace of this root in Mong. see *àŋa. altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *eŋ-
Meaning: 1 to be perplexed 2 stupid 3 bashful, gauche 4 to torture, pester
Russian meaning: 1 быть в недоумении 2 глупый 3 застенчивый, робкий 4 измучить, привести в состояние растерянности
Karakhanid: eŋ- 1; (caus.) eŋit-, eŋtür- (MK); endik 2 (MK) Turkish: (dial.) endik 3
Uzbek: enka-tenkasini čiqar- 4
Khakassian: iŋde-t- 'to flounder (of thoughts)'
Chuvash: ankъ-minkǝ 'stupidity, madness' (but may be < Tat., see *aŋ-)
Yakut: ? eŋej- 'to look greedily on food, wait for a sop'
Kirghiz: enȫ 'ротозей', ente- 'to become confused', eŋke 'stupid person'
Comments: EDT 168, 179, 181, ЭСТЯ 1, 155, 156-157 (sub *aŋ- 'perplexed, silly'). turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-hak,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,turcet-krg,turcet-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *peŋ-
Meaning: 1 hole in ice or snow 2 to laugh, chuckle
Russian meaning: 1 полынья, проталина 2 смеяться, хохотать
Evenki: heŋke 1, heŋne- 2
Even: heŋke 1
Comments: ТМС 2, 367. On the possibility of uniting the meanings 'hole' and 'laugh' see below. tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-reference,
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Korean etymology :
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Proto-Korean: *pǝ̀ŋ-
Meaning: 1 to open up, spread open (slightly) 2 to smile, grin, chuckle
Russian meaning: 1 раскрываться, приоткрываться 2 улыбаться, смеяться, хохотать
Modern Korean: paŋgɨ-, pǝŋgɨ-, paŋgɨt [paŋkɨs] ha-, pǝŋgɨt [pǝŋkɨs] ha- 1, 2
Middle Korean: pǝ̀ŋ'ɨ́-, pǝ̀ŋkɨ́r- 1
Comments: Liu 381, KED 736, 772. koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,
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