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Altaic etymology :

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Proto-Altaic: *t`ā́bá
Nostratic: Nostratic
Meaning: foot, footwear
Russian meaning: нога, обувь
Turkic: *dāpan
Mongolian: *tabag
Tungus-Manchu: *tabu-
Japanese: *tàmp(u)î
Comments: KW 385, Лексика 289. Cf. *t`op`u. The Turkic form is quite irregular - very probably a distortion of the expected *tāban under the influence of *dāp- 'to trample' q. v.
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-jap,altet-reference,

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Turkic etymology :

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Proto-Turkic: *dāpan
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: foot, sole
Russian meaning: нога, подошва
Karakhanid: taban (MK)
Turkish: taban
Tatar: taban
Middle Turkic: taban (Sangl.)
Uzbek: tɔbɔn
Uighur: tapan
Sary-Yughur: tawan
Azerbaidzhan: daban
Turkmen: dāban
Oyrat: taman
Chuvash: toban
Tuva: davan
Tofalar: daman
Kirghiz: taman
Kazakh: taban
Noghai: taban
Bashkir: taban
Balkar: taban
Gagauz: taban
Karaim: taban
Karakalpak: taban
Kumyk: taban
Comments: VEWT 462, EDT 441, ЭСТЯ 3, 110-112, Лексика 289, Федотов 2, 249.
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-alt,turcet-chv,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,

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Mongolian etymology :

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Proto-Mongolian: *tabag
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: foot, paw
Russian meaning: ступня, лапа
Written Mongolian: tabaɣ (L 760)
Khalkha: tavag, tavxaj
Buriat: tabgaj
Kalmuck: tawǝg (КРС)
Ordos: tawaG
Monguor: tawaG (SM 412)
Comments: Mong. > Kaz. tawa, VEWT 451, Man. taba, ТМС 2, 149, Doerfer MT 136.
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-mgr,monget-reference,

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Tungus etymology :

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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *tabu-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: fur footwear
Russian meaning: меховая обувь
Evenki: tawur, taubun
Even: tēwun
Nanai: toa-ma `a k. of footwear made of fish skin' (Он.)
Comments: ТМС 2, 149, 171. TM > Dolg. tēbin 'leichte Hausschuhe' (Stachowski 221).
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-nan,tunget-reference,

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Japanese etymology :

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Proto-Japanese: *tàmp(u)î
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: a k. of socks
Russian meaning: вид носков
Middle Japanese: tàbí
Tokyo: tábi
Kyoto: tàbî
Kagoshima: tabí
Comments: JLTT 536.
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,

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Nostratic etymology :

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Eurasiatic: *ṭaPV
Meaning: flat
Borean: Borean
Altaic: *t`ā́bá 'foot' (act. 'sole' < 'palm'?; + Mong. tabqaj-, tabsaj- 'be flat')
Kartvelian: Svan. ṭap 'glade; horizontal', ṭapšw 'flat'
References: ND 2403 *ṭaPħV 'flat' (Kartv., Mong. + SH).
nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-alt,nostret-kart,nostret-reference,

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Long-range etymologies :

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Borean (approx.) : TVPV
Meaning : flat
Eurasiatic : *ṭaPV
Afroasiatic : Cush. *ṭab-, Sem. *ṭpħ- 'be flat'
Reference : ND 2403.
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-reference,

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Afroasiatic etymology :

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Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ṭapiḥ-
Meaning: hand
Borean etymology: Borean etymology
Semitic: *ṭap(a)ḥ- 'span, palm of hand'
Western Chadic: *tafi- 'palm' 1, 'spoon' 2
Central Chadic: *tifV(H)- 'hand'
East Chadic: *taf- 'hand' 1, 'leaf' 2
Central Cushitic (Agaw): *ṭaf- 'hand'
Notes: In the Ch. languages quoted, t- may continue *ṭ-, while *-ḥ as a third radical may yield -0 (same in Agaw). Rel. to <*ṭVp- 'grasp, take, stretch hand'.
afaset-meaning,afaset-prnum,afaset-sem,afaset-wch,afaset-cch,afaset-ech,afaset-agw,afaset-notes,

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Semitic etymology :

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Number: 2581
Proto-Semitic: *ṭap(a)ḥ-
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: span, palm of hand
Hebrew: ṭäpaḥ (also ṭōpaḥ, ṭapḥā) 'hand-breadth, span' [KB 378]
Judaic Aramaic: ṭpḥ 'handbreadth' [Sok 229].

    Borrowed from, or influenced by, HBR ?

Amharic: ṭǝffi 'palm of the hand' [K 2192]
Soqotri: ṭáfaḥ 'bord (du pied, de la main)' [SSL LS 1477].

    Cf. the authors' comment: "selon un de nos informateurs ṭ. désigne un "bord" en général" [ibid.]; in [LS 207] ṭófḥoh is rendered as 'côté' (with a reference to ARB ḌOFAR ṭofḥ 'der Rücken, die stumpfe Seite der einseitigen Schwertklinge' [Rhodokanakis 36]). Note QALAN-V ṭā́faɣ di-ŝāf (di-hēd) 'dessus du pied (de la main)' [SSL 4 92] where -ɣ in ṭā́faɣ is hard to explain. Cf. also ṭayif 'stretch (hand)'

Notes: Rather scarcely attested; diverse meaning shifts.

    The connection with a widespread verbal root *ṭpḥ 'to spread' (cf., for instance, [KB 378]) is not quite clear; it is evident, however, that the assumption of a denominative verb in this case is no less tenable than that of a deverbal noun.

    There is AKK ṭappu 'sole of the foot' quoted without reference in [KB 378] (not in [AHw]), most probably based on [Holma 138].

    Note a derived verb to be recognized as common SEM, in ARM: JUD ṭpḥ (paʕ) 'to slap, strike with the hand; to clap hands' [Ja 546], [Sok 229], SYR ṭǝpaḥ 'pugnis cecidit; complosit (manus)' [Brock 285] and ETH: GEZ ṭafḥa 'to clap the hands' [LGz 588], (?) AMH ṭäffa 'to slap, give a slap' [K 2192] (the latter may alternatively go back to *ṣpʕ, cf. TGR ṣäfʕa 'to slap in the face' [LH 650]). Cf. also JIB ṭéfaḥ 'to scoop a little water' [JJ 274], with a presumed meaning shift 'palm of hand' > 'to scoop by hand'. Cf. another meaning shift in ARB ṭāfiḥ- 'trop grand pour tenir dans la main' (e.g. rukbatun ṭāfiḥatun 'genou dont la rotule est tellement grande que la main ne peut pas l'embrasser') [BK 2 88].

    One wonders whether MSA: MHR ṭáfḥ 'mountain side' [JM 407], JIB ṭafḥ 'steep mountain side' [JJ 275] may be a semantic development from 'palm, sole'

semet-proto,semet-prnum,semet-meaning,semet-hbr,semet-jud,semet-amh,semet-soq,semet-notes,

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West Chadic etymology :

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Proto-WChadic: *tafi-
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'palm' 1, 'spoon' 2
Hausa: tā̀fī 1
Bolewa: tafi-sara 1 [Bn]
Bokos: tâf 2 [JgR]
Daffo-Butura: tâf 1 [JgR]
Notes: in Bolewa tafi may mean 'leaf'.
wchet-prnum,wchet-meaning,wchet-hsa,wchet-bol,wchet-bks,wchet-dfb,wchet-notes,

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Central Chadic etymology :

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Proto-CChadic: *tifV(H)-
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'hand'
Gude: tifi [Hs]
Nzangi: tivi [Kr: 46]
Fali Jilvu: čị̀vù [Kr:6]
Bachama: tùfɛ̀y [Sk]
Notes: Cp. CCh *-tifu 'five'
cchet-prnum,cchet-meaning,cchet-gde,cchet-nza,cchet-faj,cchet-bch,cchet-notes,

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East Chadic etymology :

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Proto-EChadic: *taf-
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'hand' 1, 'leaf' 2
Dangla: tápí-ro 2 [Fd]
Migama: táppú 2 (= 'palm of hand')
Jegu: tapo 2 [Jg]
Bidiya: tápa 2[Jg]
Mubi: tàfo 2 [Alio
Sokoro: tafa 1 [Lk: 44]
echet-prnum,echet-meaning,echet-dng,echet-mig,echet-jeg,echet-bid,echet-mub,echet-sok,

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Central Cushitic (Agaw) etymology :

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Proto-Agaw: *ṭaf-
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'hand'
Awiya (Aungi): taf
Damot: ṭāf
agwet-prnum,agwet-meaning,agwet-aun,agwet-dmt,

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