Altaic etymology :

Proto-Altaic: *si̯ṓjri

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to suck, to lick

Russian meaning: сосать, лизать

Turkic: *sōr-

Mongolian: *soru-

Korean: *hjǝ́, *hàr-hắ-

Japanese: *sìtá

Comments: KW 332, VEWT 429. The Jpn. and Kor. forms (compared in Whitman 1985, 168, 236, and additionally in Vovin 2000 - although his further attempts to link the Kor.-Jap. root to PA *k`i̯ăli should be rejected) seem to fit here phonetically (although there is a tone discrepancy); as for semantics, one should probably reconstruct the original meaning 'suck', whence 'lick' and 'tongue' in the Eastern area. Medial *-j- has to be reconstructed to account for the loss of resonant in Kor.; it had also probably caused a dissimilation in the Western area (*si̯ōjri > *sōjri), which explains the -o-reflex in Turkic.

Turkic etymology :

Proto-Turkic: *sōr-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to suck

Russian meaning: сосать

Old Turkic: sor- (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: sor- (MK)

Turkish: soru-

Tatar: suɨr-

Middle Turkic: sor- (AH, Houts.)

Uighur: šora-

Azerbaidzhan: sor-

Turkmen: sōr-

Khakassian: sor-

Shor: sor-

Oyrat: sōr-, sor-, soru-

Halaj: suor-

Tuva: sor-

Kirghiz: sor-

Kazakh: sor-

Noghai: sorɨ-

Bashkir: hur-

Karakalpak: sor-

Kumyk: sor-

Comments: EDT 843.

Mongolian etymology :

Proto-Mongolian: *soru-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to draw in, suck in

Russian meaning: всасывать

Written Mongolian: soru-, sor- (L 729)

Khalkha: soro-

Buriat: horo-

Kalmuck: sor-

Ordos: soro-

Shary-Yoghur: soro-

Comments: KW 332, MGCD 607. Mong. > Sol. soro- `to suck', Evk. sorūl `mouthpiece'.

Korean etymology :

Proto-Korean: *hjǝ́, *hàr-hắ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 tongue 2 to lick

Russian meaning: 1 язык 2 лизать

Modern Korean: hjǝ 1, hat- [halth-] 2

Middle Korean: hjǝ́ 1, hàr-hắ- 2

Comments: Nam 479, 487, KED 1801, 1831.

Japanese etymology :

Proto-Japanese: *sìtà

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: tongue

Russian meaning: язык

Old Japanese: sita

Middle Japanese: sìtà

Tokyo: shitá

Kyoto: shítà

Kagoshima: shitá

Hateruma: sɨ_̀tá

Yonakuni: thā̀

Comments: JLTT 527.

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *[c]VrbV

Meaning: to suck, leech

Borean: Borean

Indo-European: *srobh- / *srebh-, *sorbh- / *serbh-

Altaic: *si̯ṓjri

Uralic: ? *śure 'porridge, grain-broth'

Kartvelian: *c̣urbel-

Dravidian: *ǯur_(p)-

Comments: Expected *ć in Ur.

References: ND 2223 *ŝ[o]rUbV 'to drink, to gulp, to sup, to suck'.

Indo-European etymology :

Proto-IE: *srobh- / *srebh-, *sorbh- / *serbh-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to gulp

Armenian: aor. arbi `ich trank', arb `Zechgelage'

Old Greek: rhophéō, ion. rhüphéō, rhümphánō, va. rhoptó- (Hp. ap. Gal.) `schlürfen, schlucken', rhópho-s `Brühe, dicker Trank', rhómma n. `dicke Brühe, Suppe' (Hp. ap. Gal.)

Slavic: *sьrbātī, *sьrbljǭ; *serbātī

Baltic: *srē̃b- (sreb-ja-) vb. tr., *sreb-ā̂ f., *sreb-al-a- c.; *sreub-/sraub- (-ja-) vb. tr., *srüb- vb. intr.; *sur̃b- (-ja-) vb. tr.

Germanic: *surf-il-ōn-, *surp=il-ōn- vb.

Latin: sorbeō, -ēre, -uī, -itum; sorbō, -ere, -psī, -ptum `einschlürfen, verschlucken'

Celtic: *sr[o]bu- > MIr srub `Schnauze'

Albanian: ǵerp `ich schlürfe', ǵerbɛ `Tropfen'

Russ. meaning: хлебать

References: WP II 704

Vasmer's dictionary :

Baltic etymology :

Proto-Baltic: *strū̂g-aîn-a- (1) adj.

Meaning: striped

Indo-European etymology: Indo-European etymology

Lettish: strũgaîns `streifig (von Leinwand gesagt, die aus ungleichem, hellerem und dunklerem Flachs gewebt worden ist)'

Germanic etymology :

Proto-Germanic: *surf-il-ōn-, *surp=il-ōn- vb.

Meaning: gulp

IE etymology: IE etymology

Middle High German: sürfeln, sürpfeln wk. 'schlürfen'

Pokorny's dictionary :

Number: 1859

Root: srebh-, sr̥bh- und serbh-

English meaning: to sip, swallow

German meaning: `schlürfen'

Material: Arm. arbi (*sr̥bh-) `ich trank', arb `Zechgelage'; gr. ῥοφέω (ion. ῥυφέω) `schlürfe' (auch ῥόφειν EM.), ῥοπτός `geschlürft', ῥόφημα (ion. ῥύφημα) n., ῥόφος m. `Brühe, dicker Trank'; alb. gjerp (*serbhō) `ich schlürfe', gjerbë `Tropfen'; lat. sorbeō, -ēre `schlürfen'; mir. srub `Schnauze' (*srobu-); lit. srebiù, srė̃bti `schlürfen' (auch sriobiù, sriaubiù, vielleicht auf Grundeines *srubiu), ablaut. surbiù, sur̃bti `saugen, schlürfen', lett. surbju, surbt `schlürfen' (-ur-Reduktionsstufe zu srobh- oder sorbh-?; vgl. auch poln. sarbać), lett. strebju, strèbt `schlürfen, auslöffeln', stręba `etwas zu Schlürfendes; ein Betrunkener'; urslav. *serbjǫ, *sьrbati `schlürfen', mit verschiedenen Ausgleichungen in sloven. srẹ́bati, čech. střebati usw.; vielleicht auch mhd. sürpfeln, sürfeln `schlürfen', isl. sarpr `Kropf der Vögel', aisl. als Spitzname (`*Schlund'), mit germ. p aus gemin. pp; auch ndl. slorpen, slurpen, nhd. schlurfen mit l nach schlucken.

References: WP. II 704, 716, WH. II 561 f., Trautmann 294, Vasmer 2, 612; W. Schulze setzte *s(u̯)erbh-, *srubh- an.

Pages: 1001

PIE database: PIE database

Uralic etymology :

Number: 1621

Proto: *śure

> Nostratic: > Nostratic

English meaning: porridge

German meaning: Brei, Grütze, Griess, Graupe

Finnish: suuri 'groß; hoch', suurima, suurimo 'Graupen; Grieß', suurus (gen. suuruksen) 'Mehlschwitze, Einbrenne, Frühstück' ( > Saam. N suwros 'grain-broth (meat stock with grain in it)') ?

Estonian: suur (gen. suure) 'groß, erwachsen', suurmad 'Grütze', suurus (gen. suuruse, suurukse) 'Frühstück; Zukost des Viehes zum Heu und Stroh' ?

Mordovian: śuro (E), śora (M) 'Korn, Getreide' ?

Mari (Cheremis): šürö (U M) 'Suppe', (B) 'Kohlsuppe', šǝräš (KB), šüraš (U) 'Grieß, Graupe; Grütze, Brei', šüraš (B) 'Grieß; kleiner Hagel'

Addenda: Kar. šuuri, suuri 'groß, hoch' ( > Saam. K T Kld. A šurr 'groß; Herr'), šuurima, suurima 'Graupen, Grieß, (geschältes) Korn' ( > Saam. N sur'bme 'grain', su_irme (K T), sūrøm (Kld. Not.) 'Grütze, Grieß')

Kartvelian etymology :

Proto-Kartvelian: *c̣urbel-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: пиявка

English meaning: blood-sucker, leech

Georgian: c̣urbel-

Megrel: c̣urvel-

Svan: c̣urbeläj ( < Georg.)

Laz: c̣urvel-

Notes and references: Климов (1994, 202-204) выводит основу из ПИЕ *s(w)erbh- 'сосать', что не объясняет картв. аффрикаты. Не исключено, что налицо исконно родственные лексемы.

Dravidian etymology :

Proto-Dravidian : *ǯur_(p)-

Meaning : to sip, suck

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Proto-South Dravidian: *zur_-

Proto-Telugu : *ǯur_r_-

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *ćurp-

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *zur_-

Proto-North Dravidian : *surp

South Dravidian etymology :

Proto-South Dravidian : *zur_-

Meaning : to sip; expr. sound of sucking

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Kannada : sur_, sur_a

Kannada meaning : the sound produced when supping liquids

Kannada derivates : sur_i to drink with a supping noise; sur_uku the sound produced by supping, a sup; juru juru the sound produced when a child sucks with force; (Jēnu Kuruba) juri to sip

Tulu : surasuranè

Tulu meaning : drinking liquids with a sipping noise

Number in DED : 2712

Telugu etymology :

Proto-Telugu : *ǯur_r_-

Meaning : a sup of liquid or semi-liquid food

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Telugu : jur_r_a

Additional forms : Also jur_r_u to drink, sip or sup with a noise, as a liquid or semi-liquid food

Number in DED : 2712

Kolami-Gadba etymology :

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *ćurp-

Meaning : to suck

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Naikri : curpip-

Number in DED : 2712

Gondwan etymology :

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *zur_-

Meaning : to suck up

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Konda : zur_i- (-t-)

Konda etymology :

Konda : zur_i- (-t-)

Meaning: to suck up (any liquid food with a noise)

Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology

Number in DED : 2712

North Dravidian etymology :

Proto-North-Dravidian : *surp

Meaning : to drink with a noisy sucking of the lips

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Kurukh : surUpnā (surpyas)

Additional forms : Also KUR surUkhsurUkhrnā to draw one's breath convulsively, sob.

Number in DED : 2712

Long-range etymologies :

Borean (approx.) : CVRPV

Meaning : to suck (?)

Eurasiatic : *CVrbV

Afroasiatic : *ĉarah-

Afroasiatic etymology :

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ĉarah-

Meaning: swallow

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Semitic: *ŝVrah- 'glut'

East Chadic: *sar- 'swallow'

Low East Cushitic: *sōr- < *soHVr- 'feed'

Semitic etymology :

Number: 833

Proto-Semitic: *ŝVrah-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'glut'

Arabic: šrh [-a-]

Notes: Assimilation of vowels

East Chadic etymology :

Proto-EChadic: *sar-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'swallow'

Lele: sàr [CLR: 315]

Kabalai: sìyǝ̀rǝ̀ [CLR]

Notes: Note that Lele and Kbl may originate from *sdH, cf. Dangla siḍe, etc.

Low East Cushitic etymology :

Proto-Low East Cushitic: *sōr- < *soHVr-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'feed'

Oromo (Galla): soora

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