Altaic etymology :

Proto-Altaic: *pĕ̀su

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: hoar-frost, cold

Russian meaning: иней, мороз

Turkic: *bes

Mongolian: *(h)osu-

Korean: *psắ-

Comments: Shortness and low tone reconstructed because of Mong. *(h)-. The etymology is somewhat questionable because of late attestation in Turkic and a possibility of an alternative analysis of the Korean form (see above).

Turkic etymology :

Proto-Turkic: *bes

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: hoar-frost

Russian meaning: иней

Turkish: dial. besim, peseɣü, pesen

Tatar: bɛs

Chuvash: pas

Bashkir: bäɵ

Comments: Лексика 37-38.

Mongolian etymology :

Proto-Mongolian: *(h)osu-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to freeze, to suffer from cold weather

Russian meaning: мерзнуть, страдать от холода

Written Mongolian: osu- (L 624)

Khalkha: oso-, osgo-

Korean etymology :

Proto-Korean: *psắ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: hail

Russian meaning: град

Middle Korean: psắ-nūn

Comments: Nam 289. Connection with psắr 'rice' ("rice-snow") cannot be excluded, cf. also the modern form s:aragi-nūn.

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *pič`V

Meaning: frost

Altaic: *pĕ̀su

Uralic: *pičV (*pečV)

References: Suggested by V. Glumov.

Uralic etymology :

Number: 769

Proto: *pičV (*pečV)

> Nostratic: > Nostratic

English meaning: frost, dew

German meaning: Reif, Tau

Saam (Lapp): bicce -ʒ- (N) 'rime (frost)', péɔt̨̀t̨s̨^E 'Reif' (Ko. Suonikylä)

Mari (Cheremis): pöršäŋšǝ (KB), pörš (U M), pöršö (B) 'Reif'

Udmurt (Votyak): pužmer (S K G) 'Reif, gefrorener Tau'

Komi (Zyrian): puž (S Peč. P) 'Reif, Tau', puži̮m (P) 'иней', pužma^.l- (PO) 'reifen, bereifen (intr.)'

Khanty (Ostyak): påčǝm (Trj.), počǝm (DN), poχčem (C), pasȧm (O) 'kalter Dunst, Reif im Herbst'

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