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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *ni̯ā́ĺi
Meaning: raw, fresh
Russian meaning: сырой, незрелый, свежий
Comments: EAS 110, Poppe 39, SKE 159, АПиПЯЯ 280-281, Дыбо 12, Doerfer MT 114. Preservation of n- in Mong. suggests a reconstruction *ni̯āĺi, with PTM *ńali- secondarily < *niali-. altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *jāĺ
Meaning: fresh, raw
Russian meaning: свежий, сырой
Old Turkic: jaš (OUygh.)
Turkish: jaš
Azerbaidzhan: jaš
Turkmen: jāš
Khakassian: čas
Oyrat: jaš, d́aš
Tuva: čaš
Kirghiz: ǯaš
Kazakh: žas
Noghai: jas
Bashkir: jäš
Balkar: ǯaš, žaš, zaš
Gagauz: jaš
Karaim: jaš
Comments: ЭСТЯ 4, 161-163, EDT 975-976, VEWT 192 (one of several *jāĺ roots). Within Turkic interacts actively (in fact almost completely merges with *jāĺ 'green' and *jāĺ 'young' - but all three roots, and, additionally, *jāĺ 'tear' and *jāĺ 'age' - seem to have different Altaic origins. turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-chg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-alt,turcet-tuv,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *nilaɣu
Meaning: raw
Russian meaning: сырой; приторный
Written Mongolian: nilaɣun (L 584: niluɣun) Khalkha: ńalūn
Buriat: ńalū(n)
Kalmuck: nilūn 'widrig; übelriechend (wie Fisch)'
Ordos: nulūn
Dagur: nilčun
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-dag,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *ń(i)ali-
Meaning: 1 raw 2 meat
Russian meaning: 1 сырой 2 мясо
Evenki: ńalikin 1
Even: ńalъqča 1
Negidal: ńalị-xịn 1
Spoken Manchu: jali 2 (302)
Literary Manchu: jali 2
Jurchen: ja-li (511) 2
Ulcha: ńālụ(n) 1
Orok: nālụ/ńālụ 1
Nanai: ńalkị̃ 1
Udighe: ńaliɣi 1
Solon: jali ( < Man.)
Comments: ТМС 1,340,630. Length in Ul. and Orok may be secondary (due to the loss of -k-). tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-sib,tunget-man,tunget-chu,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-ude,tunget-sol,tunget-reference,
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Korean etymology :
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Proto-Korean: *năr
Meaning: smth. raw, fresh
Russian meaning: нечто сырое, свежее
Modern Korean: nal
Middle Korean: năr
koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *ni̯VĺV
Meaning: slime
Indo-European: *i̯ēl- (Pok. 504-505)
References: ОСНЯ 2, 88-89; Tyler 101; ND 1595 *ńoGäl(y)V 'slime, tears, moisture, fluid; raw' (part of Alt., Ur., Drav. + Sem. and very dubious Chad.). In Ural. there are indeed two roots (with -o- and -i-), but attempts to etymologize them in ND 1596 *ńihla 'moist, slippy' (by dividing the Alt. *ni̯ā́ĺi and attracting Sem. *nVhl-) are hardly fruitful. Perhaps Ur. *ńol- < *lol- through dissimilation? (then it = PA *làlè). nostret-meaning,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-kart,nostret-drav,nostret-reference,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 642
Proto: *ńolke
English meaning: slime, saliva, snot
German meaning: Speichel, Schleim, Rotz
Finnish: nolki (gen. noljen) 'Schleim, Rotz, Geifer'
Estonian: nõlg (gen. nõle) 'Rotz (der Pferde)'
Saam (Lapp): snuol'gâ -lg- (N) 'snot', snuol'ka (L) 'Nasenschleim, Rotz', nuolk (T Not.) 'Rotz'
Mordovian: nolgo (E), nolga (M) 'Rotz, Nasenschleim, Speichel'
Hungarian: nyál 'Speichel, Schleim, Spucke'
Sammalahti's version: *nolki (sic!)
Addenda: Kar. ńolgi (gen. ńolen, ńollen), nölki 'Geifer, Rotz, Schleim, Speichel'; Lüd. noлg 'Geifer, Schleim'; Liv. nol̄́G 'Schleim, Auswurf, Nachbleibsel'
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-fin,uralet-est,uralet-saa,uralet-mrd,uralet-ugr,uralet-samm2,uralet-add,
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Kartvelian etymology :
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Proto-Kartvelian: *ledl-
Russian meaning: сырой, свежий
English meaning: fresh, raw
Georgian: nedl-
Megrel: ladir-, ladǝr-
Svan: lerd-
Svan meaning (Rus.): влажный
Svan meaning (Eng.): damp
Laz: ladr-, lard-
Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 146 (*nedl-), EWK 217.
kartet-prnum,kartet-rusmean,kartet-meaning,kartet-gru,kartet-meg,kartet-sva,kartet-svmean,kartet-esvmean,kartet-laz,kartet-notes,
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *ńōḷ-
Meaning : saliva
dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,
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South Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-South Dravidian : *ńōḷ-
Meaning : saliva
Malayalam : ñōḷa
Malayalam meaning : saliva
Malayalam derivates : nōḷa slaver; glutinous fluid in fish, fruit, snails, etc.
Kannada : lōḷa, lōḷi, lōḷu, lōḷe, logaḍi, lodaḍi, lodaḷi, loḍaḷe, lodle, lōyi
Kannada meaning : saliva, slaver, tenacious mucus, phlegm
Kannada derivates : (Bark.) nōḷi sticky (juice)
Tulu : nōṇe
Tulu meaning : saliva, spittle
Tulu derivates : ñōli anything sticky, gummy, glutinous, viscous; saliva; (?) udalè saliva, spittle
Notes : Tulu udalè hardly belongs here; cf. PSDR *odd- 'dampness, wetness'.
Number in DED : 2937
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-malder,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-kander,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-tulder,sdret-notes,sdret-dednum,
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