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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *ĺā̀k`è
Meaning: bad, evil
Russian meaning: дурной, злой
Comments: Martin 227 (Kor.-Jpn.). Turk. -e- instead of expected -ɨ- is probably due to contamination with *ĺḕgi q. v. altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *jek
Meaning: 1 demon, evil spirit 2 bad, evil 3 to hate, despise 4 to scold
Russian meaning: 1 демон, злой дух 2 плохой, отвратительный 3 ненавидеть, презирать 4 бранить
Old Turkic: jek 1 (OUygh.)
Tatar: ǯik 2, ǯiker- 4
Middle Turkic: jek 1 (AH), 2 (Pav. C.), jigir- 3 (R.) Uzbek: ǯekir- 4
Uighur: jäklä- 3, ǯekir- 4
Turkmen: jekir- 3, jek (dial.) 2
Shor: ček 1
Oyrat: jek, d́ek 1, 2, jikir- 3
Kirghiz: ǯek 2, ǯekte- 3, ǯekir- 4
Kazakh: žek 2, žekir- 4
Noghai: jekir- 3
Bashkir: jek 2, jeker- 3
Karaim: jek 1, 2
Karakalpak: žek 2, žekir- 4
Kumyk: jekir- 3
Comments: EDT 910, VEWT 194, ЭСТЯ 4, 170-171, 173-174. Loan from Prakr. yakkha (through some unattested Sogdian intermediary) cannot be excluded, but also cannot be ascertained. Turk. > MMong. (MA) ǯikir- 'hate, abhor'. turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-trm,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *ǯeke-j
Meaning: mediocre, ordinary, worse
Russian meaning: посредственный, хуже
Written Mongolian: ǯekei (L 1044) Khalkha: ʒexij
Kalmuck: zekɛ̄
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-hal,monget-kal,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *lāK-
Meaning: 1 difficulty, distress 2 unsuccessful (in hunting) 3 disorder
Russian meaning: 1 затруднение 2 неудачливый (на охоте) 3 суета, беспорядок
Evenki: lākeptin 1
Literary Manchu: laqu, laxu 2, laxin 3
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-man,tunget-reference,
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Korean etymology :
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Proto-Korean: *nǝk-
Meaning: brazen, shameless
Russian meaning: бесстыдный
Modern Korean: nǝk-sal
koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *nǝkǝ
Meaning: brazenly
Russian meaning: бесстыдно, без стеснения
Tokyo: noko-noko
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-tok,
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