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Altaic etymology :

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Proto-Altaic: *k`ŏda ( ~ -u)
Nostratic: Nostratic
Meaning: to finish, abandon
Russian meaning: кончать, покидать
Turkic: *Kod-
Tungus-Manchu: *xod-
Comments: ТМС 2, 6. A Turk.-Tung. isogloss.
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-tung,altet-reference,

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Turkic etymology :

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Proto-Turkic: *Kod-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: to put, leave, abandon
Russian meaning: класть, оставлять, покидать
Old Turkic: qod- (Yen., OUygh.)
Karakhanid: qoδ- (MK)
Turkish: koj-
Tatar: quj-
Middle Turkic: qoj- (AH, Pav. C., Abush.)
Uzbek: qọj-
Uighur: qoj-
Sary-Yughur: quz-
Azerbaidzhan: Goj-
Turkmen: Goj-
Oyrat: qoj-
Chuvash: xor-
Kirghiz: qoj-
Kazakh: qoj-
Noghai: qoj-
Bashkir: quj-
Balkar: qoj-
Gagauz: qoj-
Karaim: qoj-
Karakalpak: qoj-
Kumyk: qoj-
Comments: VEWT 274, EDT 595-596, ЭСТЯ 6, 27-28, Федотов 2, 361. The original meaning (observable in most ancient occurrences, see EDT 595) must have been 'to put aside, leave, abandon'; the meaning 'put' appears somewhat later and is probably due to a merger with *Ko- 'to put' (v. sub *ga), not attested before the XIVth century.
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-alt,turcet-chv,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,

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Tungus etymology :

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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *xod-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: to end, finish
Russian meaning: кончать
Evenki: od-
Even: od-
Spoken Manchu: vaǯǝ-, vaǯi- (1759)
Literary Manchu: waǯi-
Ulcha: χodị-
Orok: χoǯị-
Nanai: χoǯi-
Oroch: odi-
Udighe: wadi-
Comments: ТМС 2, 6.
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-sib,tunget-man,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-ude,tunget-reference,

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Nostratic etymology :

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Eurasiatic: *ḳUdV
Meaning: to finish
Borean: Borean
Indo-European: *gʷedh- (see s.v. *kUŋ[d]V) ?
Altaic: *k`ŏda finish, abandon
Kartvelian: *ḳwed-/ḳwd-
References: Bomhard 1996, 179, ND 1008 + Om.?, ND 1011. Cf. *ḳVtV.
nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-kart,nostret-reference,

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Indo-European etymology :

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Proto-IE: *gʷedh-
Meaning: to beat, to break, to hurt
Old Indian: gandhayate `to injure, hurt'
Other Iranian: OPers gasta- `eklig, widerwärtig', NPers gast `schlecht', Pashto ɣandal `Ekel empfinden', Bal gandag `schlecht'
Old Greek: dénno-s m. `Beschimpfung, Lästerung'
Baltic: *ged- vb. intr., *ged-ē̂- vb., *pa=gad-a- c.
Germanic: *kwad-ja- vb., *kwat-isk-ō- vb., etc.
Russ. meaning: бить, разбивать, обижать
References: WP I 672 f
piet-meaning,piet-ind,piet-iran,piet-greek,piet-balt,piet-germ,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,

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Baltic etymology :

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Proto-Baltic: *ged- vb. intr., *ged-ē̂- vb., *pa=gad-a- c.
Meaning: die, disappear
Indo-European etymology: Indo-European etymology
Lithuanian: gèsti (geñda, gẽdō) `zugrunde gehen, verderben, Schaden nehmen', gedḗti 'trauern, Trauer tragen', { pagada-s `Verderben' }
baltet-meaning,baltet-prnum,baltet-lith,

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Germanic etymology :

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Proto-Germanic: *kwadjan- vb., *kwatiskōn- vb., etc.
Meaning: break in pieces, press, crush
IE etymology: IE etymology
Swedish: dial. kvadda `in Stücke schlagen, zermalmen'
Old Frisian: quetsene `Quetschung'
Middle Dutch: quetsen, quessen `wonden, kneuzen, verbrijzelen, beschadigen, benadeln'; gewond worden, breken'
Dutch: kwetsen; vlam. kwetteren `kneuzen',
Old Franconian: quezzon `allidere'
Middle Low German: quessen, quetsen `drücken, verletzen, beschädigen'
Low German: quadderen `in Stücke schlagen, zermalmen'
Middle High German: quɛtzen, quɛtschen wk. 'schlagen, prägen; stossen, zerdrücken'
German: quetschen
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-swed,germet-ofris,germet-mdutch,germet-dutch,germet-olfrank,germet-mlg,germet-lg,germet-mhg,germet-hg,

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Pokorny's dictionary :

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Number: 705
Root: gʷedh-
English meaning: to push, hit, harm
German meaning: `stoßen, verletzen, zerstören'
Material: Ai. gandh- `stoßen, stechen, verletzen, zerstören' (bei Grammatikern), gandhá- m. `Geruch, Duft', av. gantay- `Gestank', mpers. gand `Gestank', apers. gasta- `eklig, widerwärtig', afgh. ɣandal `Ekel empfinden', bal. gandag `schlecht'. (Zur Bedeutungsentwicklung `stoßen, stechen' > `Geruch' vgl. z. B. ahd. stinkan `riechen, stinken' gegen got. stigqan `zusammenstoßen' und gr. κνίση `Fettdampf' gegenüber aisl. hnīta `stoßen, stechen'.)

    Gr. δέννος `Beschimpfung, Schande' (*gʷendhno-); nach Kuiper Nasalpräs. 65 hierher φθόνος m. `Neid' (Präs. *φθένω aus *gʷdh-en-);

    über mhd. quetsen, quetschen `schlagen, stoßen, quetschen' s. Kluge s. v. quetschen;

    lit. gendù, gésti `Schaden nehmen, verderben, zugrunde gehen', gadinù, gadìnti `verderben, beschädigen, stören', pagadas `Verderben', lett. ǵinstu, ǵint `zugrunde gehen'.

References: WP. I 672 f., Benveniste BSL. 38, 143.
Pages: 466-467
PIE database: PIE database
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,

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Kartvelian etymology :

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Proto-Kartvelian: *ḳwed-/ḳwd-
Nostratic: Nostratic
Russian meaning: умирать
English meaning: to die
Georgian: ḳwed-, ḳwd-
Svan: ḳwäd-
Svan meaning (Rus.): отнимать (о смерти)
Svan meaning (Eng.): to take away (of death)
Notes and references: EWK 196. Ср. ПИЕ *gʷedh- 'ранить', алт. *k`[io]de 'разрушать', драв. *keṭ-. (картв.-ИЕ сближение см. Бомхард 1996, 179).
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Long-range etymologies :

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Borean (approx.) : KVTV
Meaning : to finish
Eurasiatic : *ḳUdV
Afroasiatic : CCush. *kVt die
Sino-Caucasian : ST *kiǝ̆t end, finish (may be < AN)
Austric : PAN *seked finish
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-austr,

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