Altaic etymology : List with all references

Proto-Altaic: *ki̯ure

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: woodcock, woodpecker

Russian meaning: глухарь, дятел

Turkic: *Körtük

Mongolian: *kur

Tungus-Manchu: *kürekte

Comments: A Western isogloss.

Proto-Turkic: *Körtük

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 woodcock 2 turkey 3 black-cock

Russian meaning: 1 вальдшнеп 2 индюк 3 тетерев

Tatar: kürkä 2

Khakassian: kürkü, dial. kürtkü 'black-cock', kürles (Sag.) 'grouse'

Shor: kürtük 3

Oyrat: kürtük 3, kürte 1

Chuvash: kъʷrka 2

Yakut: körčöx 'young spring duck, already able to fly'

Tuva: kürtü 3

Tofalar: hü'rtü 3

Kirghiz: kürp 2

Kazakh: kürke-tawɨq 2

Bashkir: kürkä 2

Comments: VEWT 311, Федотов 1, 258.

Proto-Mongolian: *kur

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: woodcock, black grouse

Russian meaning: глухарь, тетерев

Written Mongolian: qur, qoru (L 968, 987)

Khalkha: xur

Buriat: xura

Kalmuck: xorǝ 'глухарь', xurǝ 'тетерев' (КРС)

Comments: Mong. > Kirgh. qur etc., see ЭСТЯ 6, 155-156.

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *kürekte

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: woodpecker

Russian meaning: дятел

Evenki: kirekte

Negidal: kijekte

Literary Manchu: kurexu

Ulcha: kurekte

Orok: kurekte

Nanai: kurekte

Oroch: kijoki

Udighe: kēxi (Корм. 248), kiexi

Comments: ТМС 1, 399.

Eurasiatic: *KVwrV

Meaning: a k. of bird (gallinacean)

Borean: Borean

Indo-European: *kAur- ?

Altaic: *ki̯ure

Uralic: *kErV (cf. also *karV , *kärke, *kurma)

Dravidian: *kōṛ-i

References: ND 933 *kor(Vw)V 'a gallinacean' (with incorr. Drav. *kod_-); 1201 *Ḳo(w)ŕE ~ *ḲUŕ(iʔ)E 'a gallinacean'.

Proto-IE: *kAur-

Meaning: hen, pheasant

Old Indian: cakora- m. `Greek partridge, Perdix rufa'; ? kúlāla- m. `wildcock, Phasianus gallus'

Slavic: *kūrъ; *kūrɨ̄, gen. -ъve; *kū́rā

Russ. meaning: птица (кура)

References: WP I 331 f

Number: 452

Proto: *kErV

> Nostratic: > Nostratic

English meaning: a k. of woodpecker

German meaning: eine Art Specht; Picus

Saam (Lapp): kerats, keratje 'Schwarzspecht', k͕i͔^.era̮t́š́ (I), kieratj (L) 'id. od. der große Buntspecht; Dendrocopus maior', kīrehč (Not.) 'ein Vogel (mit schriller Stimme)' ?

Udmurt (Votyak): ki̮r (S) 'Schwarzspecht' ?

Komi (Zyrian): ki̮r (P) 'Specht', śe̮d-ki̮r (V P) 'Schwarzspecht' ( > Khanty Kaz. kăr 'Schwarzspecht', Mansi KM kɔ̄̈rkɔ̄̈rēk, karkarēkǝ), kar 'Specht' (So.)

Khanty (Ostyak): kĕrǝm (V) 'Specht, Schwarzspecht', kĕrǝp (DN) 'Kleinspecht', (C) 'Rotspecht', kărǝp (Ni.) 'Schwarzspecht' ?

Mansi (Vogul): kǟrǝp (KU) ?

Proto-Dravidian : *kōẓ-i

Meaning : fowl

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Proto-South Dravidian: *kōẓ-i

Proto-Telugu : *kōḍ-i

Proto-South Dravidian : *kōẓ-i

Meaning : fowl

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Tamil : kōẓi

Tamil meaning : gallinaceous fowl

Malayalam : kōẓi

Malayalam meaning : fowl

Kannada : kōẓi

Kannada meaning : a cock, a hen, a fowl in general

Kodagu : kōḷi

Kodagu meaning : fowl

Tulu : kōri, (B-K also) kōḷi

Tulu meaning : fowl

Proto-Nilgiri : *kōṛĭ

Number in DED : 2248

Proto-Nilgiri : *kōṛĭ

Meaning : fowl

South Dravidian etymology: South Dravidian etymology

Kota : kōy

Toda : kwɨ̄ḍy

Additional forms : Also Toda kwɨ̄y (in songs; either from Kota or from Badaga kṓí) fowl

Number in DED : 2248

Proto-Telugu : *kōḍ-i

Meaning : fowl

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Telugu : kōḍi

Number in DED : 2248

Borean (approx.) : KVRV

Meaning : a k. of gallinacean bird

Eurasiatic : *KVwrV

Afroasiatic : *ḳwVr- 'partridge, hen' (Sem., Chad.)

African (misc.) : Cf. Bantu *-kódị̀ 'kind of hawk', *-kùàdí 'kind of partridge'. San. kurare 'duck'.

Reference : ND 933, 1201.

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ḳʷar-

Meaning: crow (also 'partridge; crane'?)

Semitic: *ḳāriʔ- 'partridge' ~ *ḳāriy- 'kind of bird' ~ *ḳʷariy 'crane' ~ *ḳarr- 'chicken' ~ *ḳaḳayr-/*ḳʷVr- 'crow'

Berber: *-ḳrVw-t 'raven'

Low East Cushitic: *ḳur- 'crow' 1, 'kite' 2

High East Cushitic: *ḳur(an-t)- 'crow'

Omotic: *ḳur- 'crow'

Number: 2459

Proto-Semitic: *ḳāriʔ-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'partridge' 1,'kind of bird' 2, 'crane' 3, 'chicken' 4, 'crow' 5, 'bee-eater' 6

Hebrew: ḳōrē(ʔ) 'partridge' [KB 1132], pB. [Ja. 1341]. In 1S 26.20 (yāṣā(ʔ) mäläk yiŝrāʔēl lǝbaḳḳēš ʔät-parʕōš ʔäḥād kaʔăšär yirdōp haḳḳōrē(ʔ) bähārīm 'ныне, да не падет кровь моя на землю вдали от лика Господнего; воистину, погнался царь Израиля за одной-единственной блохой, будто преследует он куро- патку в горах'), а также в сложном пассаже провербиального ха- рактера Jr 17.11 (ḳōrē(ʔ) dāgar wǝlō(ʔ) yālād // ʕōŝǟ ʕōšär wǝ- lō(ʔ) bǝmišpāṭ 'куропатка высиживает яйца, но не имеет потомства // [таков] накапливающий богатство без закона').

Judaic Aramaic: ḳōrēʔā 'partridge' [Ja. 1341] (also ḳōrā 'heron; young bird' [Ja. 1341], ḳwr 'a bird with a long beak' [Sok. 483]).

Arabic: ḳāriy-at-, ḳāriyy-at- 'sorte d'oiseau aux jambes courtes, au bec long et au plumage du dos vert, qui présage la pluie (aux Arabes)' [BK 2 731], [LA XV 180].

Amharic: ḳʷǝrǝyye (ḳuriyyä) 'migrating crane; large white crane with a long beak' [K 738].

Notes: Cf. a number of bird names based on the biconsonantal *ḳVr- throughout Semitic: - Arb. ḳarr- 'poulet' [BK 2 699], [LA V 84]; - Gez. ḳāḳer 'crow' [LGz. 439], Amh. ḳʷǝra (ḳura) 'crow, ra- ven' [K 718], Sel. ḳure, Wol. ḳuri, End. hēḳurä, Sod. ḳürä, Gog. Muh. Msq. kurä, Eža Cha. Gyt. End. kʷǝrä 'crow, *disobedient (?)' [LGur. 495]; - Tgr. ḳǝrḳǝr 'a bird, the so-called bee-eater' [LH 241], Tna. ḳärḳärrä 'passeraceo che ha l'istinto di guidare il cacciatore al luogo dove si trova il miele' [Bass. 292], Amh. ḳǝrḳǝrre 'a small bird about the size of the warda-dove which has chestnut plumage and a pointed beak and guides people to where wild beehives are' [K 725]. [KB 1132]: Hbr., Arb.

Proto-Berber: *-ḳrVw-t

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'raven'

Ayr: a-ɣrut

Proto-Low East Cushitic: *ḳur-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'crow' 1, 'kite' 2

Oromo (Galla): ḳurruu 1

Baiso: ḳura (unless <Amh)

Arbore: ḳore

Notes: Lamb Wol 436

Proto-High East Cushitic: *ḳur(an-t)-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'crow'

Darasa (Gedeo): ḳoraande

Hadiya (Gudella): ḳoraan-ta

Alaba: ḳura

Burji (Bambala, Dashe): ḳorʔ-an-čo

Kambatta: ḳoraan-da

Tembaro: ḳura

Notes: Sas Bur 127; Lamb Wol 436

Proto-Omotic: *ḳur-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'crow'

Ometo: Gamu Zaysse ḳuro, Dače ḳoraa-še

Wolamo (Wolaitta): Wol ḳuuruwa

Bworo (Shinasha): aḳoḳora

Ari: ḳuraa-k

Notes: Lamb Wol 436

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