Altaic etymology :

Proto-Altaic: *kĕta ( ~ -t`-, -o, -u)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: mule, barren

Russian meaning: мул, бесплодный

Turkic: *KAtɨr

Mongolian: *kači-

Tungus-Manchu: *ketem

Comments: A Western isogloss. Mong. > Chag. kačir 'mule' etc. (see VEWT 217). The Mong. form itself may have been borrowed from Turk. (see Щербак 1997, 137), but may as well be genuine. The Tung. parallel makes the theory of Turk. < Iran. (Sogd. ɣrtr'k, see TMN 3, 393 with literature) rather improbable.

Turkic etymology :

Proto-Turkic: *KAtɨr

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: mule

Russian meaning: мул

Karakhanid: qatɨr (MK, KB)

Turkish: katɨr

Middle Turkic: qatɨr (AH, Houts., IM)

Azerbaidzhan: Gatɨr

Turkmen: Gatɨr

Noghai: qatɨr

Balkar: qadɨr

Comments: VEWT 242, ЭСТЯ 5, 339-340, TMN 3, N^o 1395. The Turkic form may well be borrowed < Iran., cf. Saka khaḍara- 'mule'. Here -ḍ- points to *rd, cf. Sogd. ɣrtr'k < *xarataraka 'mule' (for a quite similar compound cf. Pers. astar 'mule' < *assa-tara 'horse from one side' (Bailey 70). Doerfer is concerned about lack of length in Turkic, but length is likewise lacking in Saka and other Iranian forms. The only phonetic difficulty is the Turkic reflex -t-, because Saka ḍ in the Saka-Uygh. glossary (14th c.) renders Turkic -r-. In one obvious Saka loan the Saka -ḍ- is indeed rendered as -r-: cūḍāṃ 'stadium' (Av. čarǝtu-) > OT (Hap. by MK) čurām 'a shot with a light far-flying arrow. However, if 'mule' is borrowed, it is hardly a Xinjiang loanword but rather a Common Turkic, and perhaps from another Iranian language (Sogdian?).

Mongolian etymology :

Proto-Mongolian: *kači-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: a k. of mule

Russian meaning: вид мула

Middle Mongolian: qači-dut (pl. < *qačit) (SH), qačir (LH)

Tungus etymology :

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *ketem

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: barren (of a female deer)

Russian meaning: бесплодная (о важенке оленя)

Evenki: ketem

Even: ketъm

Negidal: ketem

Comments: ТМС 1, 456.

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *kVtV

Meaning: barren

Altaic: *kĕta ( ~ -t`-, -o, -u)

Dravidian: *goḍ-

References: ND 1011 *ḳ[o]ʡdV 'be deprived of' (Drav. + rather improbable Old Turk., IE, Kartv. and Arab.).

Dravidian etymology :

Proto-Dravidian : *goḍ-

Meaning : barren (woman or cow)

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Proto-South Dravidian: *goḍḍ-

Proto-Telugu : *goḍḍ-

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *goḍ-

South Dravidian etymology :

Proto-South Dravidian : *goḍḍ-

Meaning : barren

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Tamil : koṭṭu

Tamil meaning : barren woman

Kannada : goḍḍu

Kannada meaning : state of being barren, sapless; a barren cow, etc.

Kannada derivates : goḍḍi barren woman

Tulu : goḍḍu

Tulu meaning : barren

Proto-Nilgiri : *goḍ-

Number in DED : 2074

Nilgiri etymology :

Proto-Nilgiri : *goḍ-

Meaning : man who has no children

South Dravidian etymology: South Dravidian etymology

Kota : goḍṇ

Additional forms : Also Kota goḍy barren woman

Number in DED : 2074

Telugu etymology :

Proto-Telugu : *goḍḍ-

Meaning : barren, empty; barrenness, a barren woman or animal; any beast

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Telugu : goḍḍu

Additional forms : Also goḍḍu (B) a beast; goḍlu (pl.) kine, horned cattle; (Śaŋk.) [1] goḍḍurālu, [2] goḍrālu barren woman

Number in DED : 2074

Gondwan etymology :

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *goḍ-

Meaning : barren cow

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Proto-Gondi : *goḍ-

Konda : goḍu goḍra

Gondi etymology :

Proto-Gondi : *goḍ-

Meaning : cow

Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology

Maria Gondi : goḍu

Seoni Gondi : goḍ (pl. goṛku)

Koya Gondi : goḍ(u) (pl. goḍk), (Su.) goḍḍu (pl. goḍku)

Maria Gondi (Mitchell) : goḍ(u) "cattle, cow"

Number in DED : 2074

Number in CVOTGD : 1189

Konda etymology :

Konda : goḍu goḍra

Meaning: cattle, etc.

Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology

Konda (Burrow/Bhattacharya) : goḍu "barren"

Number in DED : 2074

Total pages generated Pages generated by this script 665306 1593120	Help
StarLing database server Powered by CGI scripts Copyright 1998-2003 by S. Starostin Copyright 1998-2003 by G. Bronnikov Copyright 2005-2014 by Phil Krylov