Proto-Turkic: *ălp
Meaning: 1 difficult, hard 2 warrior 3 hero 4 brave 5 giant 6 landlord
Russian meaning: 1 трудный 2 воин 3 герой 4 храбрый 5 великан 6 помещик, землевладелец
Old Turkic: alp 1, 2, 4 (Orkh., Yen., OUygh.); alp-a-ɣut 2 (OUygh.).
Turkish: alp 3, 4
Tatar: alɨp 3, 5, alpawɨt 2
Middle Turkic: alp 2, 3 (Sngl.)
Uzbek: alp 3
Uighur: alpawut 2
Khakassian: alɨp 4, albɨx- 'to act as a meddler'
Shor: alɨp 4
Oyrat: alɨp 4
Chuvash: olъp 5, olbut 2
Yakut: alɨp 'witchcraft; part of some names of spirits'
Tuva: albɨq- 'to pant, stifle', albā- 'to lapse into oblivion'
Kirghiz: alp 3, 4, 5, albūt 'hot-tempered'
Kazakh: alɨp 5, albɨt, albɨrt 'hot-tempered'
Bashkir: alpawɨt 2, alpamɨša 5 (from Alp Amɨša, a folklore name, = Tat.)
Karaim: alp 'chief', alpawut 'gentry man'
Karakalpak: alp 3, 5, albɨra- 'be exhausted, embarassed'
Comments: EDT 127-128, VEWT 18, ЭСТЯ I 139, Федотов 2, 276. Clauson's hypothesis that the reflexes of *alpawut in recent languages are the result of a re-borrowing from Mong. (cf. Lit. Mong. albaɣut (Kow. 84) < Turk.), partly contaminated with Mong. alban 'tax', is unnecessary: a semantic shift 'warrior' > 'gentry' > 'landlord' seems to be natural. Cf. a borrowing from Mong. alba-tu in Tuva, Oyr. albatu, albatɨ, Kirgh. albatɨ 'tax-payers, people'. turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,turcet-tuv,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-bas,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-reference,