Semitic etymology : Query result

Number: 2012

Proto-Semitic: *ʕat_̣m-(at-)

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: bone

Akkadian: eṣemtu (eṣentu, eṣettu) OB on [CAD e 341], [AHw 251].

Note also a composed word eṣem/nṣēru 'backbone, spine' OB, SB, NA [CAD e 343], [AHw 251] < *eṣmu 'bone' + ṣēru 'back', see *t_̣Vhr- {} *č̣Vhr- (No. )

Eblaitic: a-za-mu-um /ʕaẓmum/ [Kr 16; Bl E No. 6]

Ugaritic: ʕẓm [DLU 96]

Phoenician: PHO ʕṣm [T 255]

Hebrew: ʕäṣäm [KB 869]; note also ʕōṣäm 'bones' [ibid.]

Judaic Aramaic: ʕăṭam (ʕiṭmā) [Ja 1063]; ʕṭm 'bone, flank; thigh of an animal' [Sok 401, 226].

Cf. ṭīmīn 'bones' (pl.) [Ja 532] and ṭamyā 'bone' [ibid. 539], both with a loss of ʕ-. Cf. also ʔaṭmā (ʔiṭmā) 'the solid part, flank' [Ja 43], probably the same root with ʔ instead of ʕ and a change of meaning

Syrian Aramaic: ʕaṭmā 'coxa, latus' [Brock 520]

Modern Aramaic: HRT ʔaṭma 'Oberschenkel' [J Hert 181], NASS ịṭmɔ 'heep, thigh' [Tser 0156], MMND aṭma 'thigh' [M MND 523], AZR itma 'thigh' [Garb 311]

Mandaic Aramaic: aṭma 'thigh, side, flank' [DM 13]

Arabic: ʕad_̣m- [BK 2 293]

Geʕez (Ethiopian): ʕaṣm, ʕaḍm [LGz 58].

Difference in spelling may be purely orthographic or reflect an effort to convey t_̣ (for this and other similar cases cf. [Voigt 105-6])

Tigre: ʕaṣǝm, ʕač̣ǝm [LH 491]

Tigrai (Tigriñña): ʕaṣmi [Bass 713]

Amharic: aṭǝnt, aṣm, aṭm [K 1339]

Gafat: aṣmʷä [LGaf 184]

Harari: āṭ [LH 36]

East Ethiopic: WOL ZWY aṭǝm [LGur 108]

Gurage: CHA EZ̆A MUH MSQ GOG SOD aṭǝm, GYE aʔǝ̃m_, END aʔǝ̃w (the two latter forms, if related, show a very peculiar phonetic development; cf. [LGur LXXII]) [ibid. 108]

Mehri: ʔād_̣ǝmēt 'back' [JM 14]

Jibbali: ʕód_̣úm 'skin over wound, badly set bone' [JJ 8]

Harsusi: ʔad_̣emét do. [JH 6]

Notes: Cf. *ʕVṣ̂ā/īṣ̂- {} *ʕVĉ̣ā/īĉ̣- 'backbone' (No. ); *ʕaṣay- {} *ʕac̣ay- 'backbone' (No. ).

[Fron 42] (*ʕaẓm- /GEZ,ARB,SYR,HBR,UGR,AKK); [DLU 96]: UGR, HBR, PHO, SYR, EBL, AKK, ARB, GEZ; [KB 869]: HBR, UGR, PHO, ARB, GEZ, TGR, AKK, ARM; [Brock 520]: SYR, HBR, AKK, ARB, GEZ; [LGz 58]: GEZ, ETH, HBR, ARB, PHO, UGR, ARM, AKK (eṣmu instead of eṣemtu quoted in [CAD] and [AHw]); [Holma 51]: AKK, HBR