Протонахский: *ha
Значение: demonstrative pronoun
Чеченский: ha-ra
Ингушский: ja, je-r
Бацбийский: e-h, o-h
Комментарии: In Ing. there has probably occurred a contamination of *ha and *ʔi (q.v.), and thus appeared the form ja. The root is used for near deixis ('this'); in Bacbi it is combined with other deictic stems: e-, o-.
