Proto-West-Caucasian: *q̇́ǝ
Meaning: 1 dung, faeces 2 bad 3 to get dirty
Abkhaz: a-q̇́ǝ́ 1
Abaza: q̇́ǝ 1
Adyghe: ʡā-ja 2
Kabardian: ʡe-j 2
Ubykh: q̇́ǝ-c̣ʷǝ- 3
Comments: PAT *q̇́ǝ; PAK *ʡa-jV́. Ub. has a compound with *c̣ʷV "dirt" q.v. Unacceptable is Dumézil's (Dumézil 1963) etymology of the PAK form as "hand" + "bad". The PAK form is rather a compound analogous to Ub., and the component ʡa here has nothing to do either with PAK *ʡa-c̣ʷǝ "sweet" or with PAK *ʡa "hand". PAK *ʡ regularly goes back to PWC *q̇́.
